聚苯乙烯包覆Y2O3:Eu3+颗粒及表征

表面修饰;聚苯乙烯包覆Y2O3:Eu3+颗粒及表征     

核壳型Gd2O3:Eu3+@Y2O3纳米发光材料的制备与发光性能

采用均相沉淀法制备了均匀球形的Gd2O3:Eu3+@Y2O3核壳结构纳米发光材料.XRD结果表明经过800℃焙烧后样品为立方晶系的Gd2O3,并且晶体发育良好,包覆Y2O3之后Gd2O3的衍射峰位置无明显变化,但随着包覆厚度的增加,出现了立方晶系Y2O3的衍射峰.FTIR谱图观测到了Gd-O,Y-O伸缩振动吸收峰,随着包覆厚度的减少吸收峰增强,认为当包覆层的厚度适当时,颗粒表面的悬空键(断键)变少,Gd(Eu,Y)-O键增多所致.SEM表明包覆前后样品为均匀分散的球形结构.XPS分析进一步证明了表面包覆上了Y2O3.荧光光谱表明:纳米Gd2O3:Eu3+表面包覆不同厚度的基质Y2O3后,均观测到Eu3+离子的特征红光发射,当包覆厚度R=4:1时的发光强度比未包覆的Gd2O3:Eu3+增强,认为核-壳型样品降低了纳米Gd2O3:Eu3+的表面效应给发光强度带来的负面影响.     

Fe3O4@SiO2@YF3:Eu3+磁-光双功能复合粒子的制备与性能

采用水热法合成了Fe3O4@SiO2@YF3:Eu3+磁-光双功能复合粒子,对其结构和性能进行了表征.XRD分析表明:Fe3O4表面包覆上了结晶良好的正交晶系的YF3.TEM照片表明:复合粒子为球形,构成核的Fe3O4颗粒的尺寸在200～350 nm之间,Fe3O4@SiO2@YF3:Eu3+核壳结构复合粒子的尺寸约为230～380 nm,与包覆前的Fe3O4相比较,包覆后,颗粒尺寸增大,并且YF3:Eu3+是以棒状结构连接在Fe3O4球型颗粒的表面.磁性和荧光光谱分析表明:该复合颗粒同时具有良好的发光性和磁性,使其在生物医学领域具有潜在的应用.     

Fe3O4@SiO2@YF3∶Eu3+磁-光双功能复合粒子的制备与性能

采用水热法合成了Fe3O4@SiO2@YF3∶Eu3+磁-光双功能复合粒子,对其结构和性能进行了表征。XRD分析表明:Fe3O4表面包覆上了结晶良好的正交晶系的YF3。TEM照片表明:复合粒子为球形,构成核的Fe3O4颗粒的尺寸在200～350 nm之间,Fe3O4@SiO2@YF3∶Eu3+核壳结构复合粒子的尺寸约为230～380 nm,与包覆前的Fe3O4相比较,包覆后,颗粒尺寸增大,并且YF3∶Eu3+是以棒状结构连接在Fe3O4球型颗粒的表面。磁性和荧光光谱分析表明:该复合颗粒同时具有良好的发光性和磁性,使其在生物医学领域具有潜在的应用。     

Fe3O4@Gd2O3:Eu3+磁光双功能复合粒子的制备与表征

采用水热法合成了Fe3O4@Gd2O3:Eu3+核壳结构磁光双功能复合粒子,对其结构和性能进行了表征.XRD分析表明:700℃煅烧后Fe3O4表面包覆上了结晶良好的立方晶系的Gd2O3:Eu3+.TEM照片表明:所得的复合粒子具有明显的核壳结构和完美的球形,构成核的Fe3O4颗粒的尺寸在200～300 nm之间,Fe3...     

Ag@SiO2@Y2O3:RE3+（RE=Eu,Tb）核壳结构发光材料的制备与性能

采用均相沉淀法制备了Ag@SiO2@(Y,RE)(OH)CO3.H2O(RE=Eu,Tb)核壳结构微球,经过700℃焙烧后成功制备出Ag@SiO2@Y2O3:RE3+(RE=Eu,Tb)核壳结构发光材料。XRD谱图表明Ag核具有结晶良好的面心立方结构;SiO2层为无定型;Y2O3层为立方晶系。FTIR谱图表明核壳之间以化学键相结合。TEM照片表明合成了核壳结构的表面光滑的复合微球,分散良好,大小均匀,Ag核的粒径分布为50±20 nm;SiO2层的厚度为20～30 nm;Y2O3:RE3+(RE=Eu,Tb)层厚度约为125 nm。电子衍射图像表明Ag@SiO2@Y2O3:RE3+(RE=Eu,Tb)为多晶结构。UV-Vis光谱表明表面包覆使Ag离子的等离子体共振吸收峰发生了红移。荧光光谱表明Ag@SiO2@Y2O3:Eu3+具有Eu3+的特征红光发射,Ag@SiO2@Y2O3:Tb3+具有Tb3+的特征绿光发射,但是发光强度均比纯的Y2O3:RE3+有所减弱,说明贵金属的引入对稀土Y2O3:RE3+(RE=Eu,Tb)的发光起到了荧光猝灭的作用。     

SiO2/LaF3:Eu3＋核壳结构发光粒子的制备与表征

采用简单的液相法合成了SiO2/LaF3:Eu3＋核壳结构发光粒子, 并对其结构及发光性能进行了表征. XRD分析表明包覆层LaF3:Eu3＋为立方晶相结构, 红外光谱表明SiO2颗粒表面有柠檬酸的修饰, 电镜照片表明合成了球形的核-壳结构的复合粒子, 包覆层厚度为10～20 nm, 光谱测试表明核-壳复合粒子与纯的LaF3:Eu3＋具有相同的发光性能, 均以589 nm附近的5D0—7F1磁偶极跃迁为最强发射峰, 说明Eu3＋在LaF3基质中占据的格位相同.     

Y_2O_3∶Eu荧光粉表面包覆In_2O_3的研究

采用高温固相法合成了FED用Y2O3∶Eu红色荧光粉,为提高其导电性,采用表面成膜包覆法对其进行了In2O3包膜研究。通过XRD,Zeta电位,SEM及低压光谱分析等检测手段分析了包膜前后Y2O3∶Eu的晶体结构、电位、形貌与发光性能,探索了包膜工艺。结果表明:在Y2O3∶Eu表面包覆3%的In2O3能有效改善荧光粉的发光亮度,这种改善的可能原因是包覆In2O3改善了Y2O3∶Eu晶粒表面的导电性。     

Fe3O4@YF3:Eu3+双功能复合颗粒的制备与性能研究

采用直接沉淀法合成了Fe3 O4@ YF3:Eu3核壳结构磁性-荧光性双功能纳米复合颗粒,对其结构和性能进行了表征.XRD分析表明,得到了结晶良好的尖晶石型Fe3 O4纳米晶和正交相的YF3纳米晶.TEM照片表明,双功能复合颗粒具有明显的核壳结构.构成核的Fe3 O4纳米颗粒尺寸在40 ～80nm之间.Fe3 O4@ YF3:Eu3+核壳结构复合纳米颗粒的尺寸约为100 ～250 nm,壳层YF3:Eu3+厚度介于20 ～30 nm之间.EDS分析表明样品由Y,F,Eu,O和Fe元素组成.荧光光谱和磁性测试结果表明,复合颗粒同时具有良好的发光性和较强的磁性,使其在生物医学领域具有潜在的应用.     

SiO2／LaF3：Eu3＋核壳结构发光粒子的制备与表征

采用简单的液相法合成了SiO2/LaF3:Eu3 核壳结构发光粒子,并对其结构及发光性能进行了表征.XRD分析表明包覆层LaF3:Eu3 为立方晶相结构,红外光谱表明SiO2颗粒表面有柠檬酸的修饰,电镜照片表明合成了球形的核-壳结构的复合粒子,包覆层厚度为10～20 nm,光谱测试表明核-壳复合粒子与纯的LaF3:Eu3 具有相同的发光性能,均以589 nm附近的5D0-7F1磁偶极跃迁为最强发射峰,说明Eu3 在LaF3基质中占据的格位相同.     

Optical properties of nanocrystalline Y2O3:Eu depending on its odd structure

The structure of nanocrystalline Y2O3:Eu prepared by a combustion reaction was analyzed by XRD and high-resolution electron microscopy. Compared with a large-scale particles, 5-nm Y2O3:Eu particles presented as distorted crystallite and rough surfaces. Luminescent and absorption properties of nano-Y2O3:Eu showed remarkably particle size effects. At Y2O3:Eu particle sizes smaller than 10 nm some new results were observed: (a) a red shift of the charge-transfer-state absorption; (b) new emission bands of Eu3+ in the 5D0 --> 7F2 region; (c) luminescent decay of energy level 5D0 of Eu3+ turning to a two-step exponential; and (d) a pronounced increase in quenching concentration and much lower phonon density compared with those of the bulk material. All these phenomena can be attributed to the effect of the softened lattice and surface state of the nanomaterial. The latter was confirmed by stronger excitation by the host absorption after the surface modification.     

APTES-modified RE2O3:Eu3+ luminescent beads: structure and properties

Europium-doped lanthanide oxide RE(2)O(3):Eu(3+) (RE = Y or Gd) luminescent beads, with a spherical shape and a diameter of 150 ± 15 nm, have been modified by reaction with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES), in order to introduce reactive amine groups at their surfaces. The direct silanation has resulted in the formation of a nanometric layer at the surface of the beads, with an optimum grafting rate of 0.055 ± 0.005 mol APTES/mol RE(2)O(3). Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron (XPS) spectroscopies confirmed the condensation of an organosilane layer, made of cross-linked -O-Si-O-Si- and of groups -O-Si-R (with R = (CH(2))(3)NH(2) or O-Et). Titration of the accessible amine groups has been performed by simultaneously measuring the luminescence of grafted fluorescein isothiocyanate and that of core particles: there are about 2.3 × 10(4) (2.8 × 10(4)) -NH(2) per Y(2)O(3):Eu(3+) (Gd(2)O(3):Eu(3+)) bead. The isoelectronic point was shifted by one pH unit after APTES modification. The surface modification by APTES at least preserved (for Gd(2)O(3):Eu(3+)) or improved (for Y(2)O(3):Eu(3+)) the red emission of the beads.     

Acetal-functionalized polymer particles useful for immunoassays

The synthesis of core-shell type polystyrene monodisperse particles with surface acetal groups was carried out by a two-step emulsion polymerization process. In a first step, the core was synthesized by batch emulsion polymerization of styrene (St), and in the second step, the shell was polymerized by batch emulsion terpolymerization of styrene, methacrylic acid (MAA), and methacrylamidoacetaldehyde dimethyl acetal (MAAMA), using the seed obtained previously. With the aim of analyzing the effect of the thickness of the shell, the pH of the reaction medium and the weight ratio of the termonomers to prepare the shell, on the amount of the functionalized groups, several core-shell type latex particles were synthesized by two-step emulsion polymerization in a batch reactor. The latexes were characterized by TEM and conductimetric titration to obtain the particle size distribution and the amount of carboxyl and acetal groups on the surface, respectively. Looking for the applicability of the synthesized latexes in immunoassays, IgG a-CRP rabbit antibody was covalently bonded to the surface of the particles synthesized in neutral medium. The complex latex-protein was immunologically active against the CRP antigen. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 35 : 1605–1610, 1997     

纳米Fe3O4/聚苯乙烯均匀分散体系的制备及结构

用化学共沉淀法制备了Fe3O4纳米颗粒,以油酸为表面活性剂,苯乙烯为载液,制备了稳定的纳米Fe3O4可聚合磁流体,将可聚合磁流体经自由基引发聚合制成纳米Fe3O4/聚苯乙烯均匀分散体系,用WAXRD研究了Fe3O4纳米粒子的结晶情况;用FTIR研究了油酸表面改性前后Fe3O4粒子表面官能团的变化;用TEM研究了Fe3O4颗粒的粒径大小及其在苯乙烯单体和聚苯乙烯中的分散情况;用DSC和TGA研究了纳米Fe3O4/聚苯乙烯均匀分散体系的玻璃化转变温度(Tg)和热稳定性,结果表明,合成的纳米Fe3O4为立方晶型,平均粒径在10nm左右,油酸分子在Fe3O4表面是化学吸附,经表面处理的Fe3O4超细颗粒在苯乙烯和聚苯乙烯基体中分散较均匀.界面粘结较好,含1.8％Fe3O4纳米颗粒的聚苯乙烯的最大热失重温度比聚苯乙烯提高了13K,Fe3O4/聚苯乙烯复合体系的饱和磁化强度σs为17.43emu/g.     

Polar Gradient Latex Particles with Hydrophilic Core and Hydrophobic Shell Prepared via Multistep Emulsion Polymerization

Monodisperse polar gradient particles were synthesized via a three‐step emulsion polymerization using poly(butyl acrylate‐methyl methacrylate‐methacrylic acid‐ethylene glycol dimethacrylate) (P(BA‐MMA‐MAA‐EGDMA)) as core, poly(methyl methacrylate‐methacrylic acid‐styrene) (P(St‐MMA‐MAA)) as interlayer and polystyrene (PSt) as shell. The particle growth and encapsulation in each emulsion polymerization step were followed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and conductometric titration. Results indicated that the feeding mode and the interlayer were essential to prepare the polar gradient latex particles with hydrophilic core and hydrophobic shell. The morphologies of the two‐layer core/interlayer and three‐layer core/interlayer/shell particles were observed in TEM micrographs, and the sequential encapsulations of the carboxyl‐containing core and the core/interlayer particles were confirmed by an increase in the particle size as well as an increase in the buried carboxyl percentage.     

水热法制备具有光滑表面的球形Y2O3∶Eu3+发光材料

The spherical Y₂O₃∶Eu³⁺ luminescent particles with size of 0.5～3 μm and smooth surface were synthesized by hydrothermal method. The resulted Y₂O₃∶Eu³⁺ precursors and the calcined particles were characterized by differential thermal analysis (DTA) and thermogravimetric (TG) analysis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform IR spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and photoluminescence spectra (PL). FTIR, TG-DTA, XRD measurements show that the precursors are crystal with hydroxyl and carbonate group, and the pure cubic yttria is obtained after annealing above 700 ℃. The SEM images indicate that the Y₂O₃∶Eu³⁺ particles are in spherical shape and with smooth surface. PL analysis shows that the particles present characteristic red emission of Eu³⁺.     

Highly magnetic latexes from submicrometer oil in water ferrofluid emulsions

The synthesis of functionalized submicrometer magnetic latex particles is described as obtained from a preformed magnetic emulsion composed of organic ferrofluid droplets dispersed in water. Composite (polystyrene/γ‐Fe₂O₃) particles were prepared according to a two‐step procedure including the swelling of ferrofluid droplets with styrene and a crosslinking agent (divinyl benzene) followed by seeded emulsion polymerization with either an oil‐soluble [2,2′‐azobis(2‐isobutyronitrile)] or water‐soluble (potassium persulfate) initiator. Depending on the polymerization conditions, various particle morphologies were obtained, ranging from asymmetric structures, for which the polymer phase was separated from the inorganic magnetic phase, to regular core–shell morphologies showing a homogeneous encapsulation of the magnetic pigment by a crosslinked polymeric shell. The magnetic latexes were extensively characterized to determine their colloidal and magnetic properties. The desired core–shell structure was efficiently achieved with a given styrene/divinyl benzene ratio, potassium persulfate as the initiator, and an amphiphilic functional copolymer as the ferrofluid droplet stabilizer. Under these conditions, ferrofluid droplets were successfully turned into superparamagnetic polystyrene latex particles, about 200 nm in size, containing a large amount of iron oxide (60 wt %) and bearing carboxylic surface charges. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 44: 2642–2656, 2006     

Vacuum Ultraviolet Excited Photoluminescence Properties of Y202S:Eu3+,Bi3+ Phosphor

As an Hg-free lamp using phosphor,the Bi3+ and Eu3+ co-doped Y2O2S phosphors were prepared and their luminescence properties under vacuum uitraviolet(VUV) excitation were investigated.The VUV photolumineseent intensity of Y2O2S:Eu3+ was weak,however,considerably stronger red emission at 626 nm with good color purity was observed in Y2O2S:Eu3+,Bi3+ systems.Investigation on the photoluminescence reveals that the strong VUV luminescence of Y2O2S:Eu3+,Bi3+ at 147 nm is mainly because the Bi3+ acts as a medium and effectively performs the energy transfer process: Y3+-O2→Bi3+→Eu3+,while the intense emission band at 172 nm is attributed to the absorption of the characteristic 1So-1P1 transition of Bi3+ and the direct energy transfer from Bi3+ to Eu3+.The Y2O2S:Eu3+,Bi3+ shows excellent VUV optical properties compared with the commercial (Y,Gd)BO3:Eu3+.Thus,the Y2O2S:Eu3+,Bi3+ can be a potential red VUV-excited candidate applied in Hg-free lamps for backlight of liquid crystal display.     

Synthesis of polymer particles possessing radical initiating sites on the surface by emulsion copolymerization and construction of core–shell structures by a photoinduced atom transfer radical polymerization approach

The crosslinked polystyrene particles possessing photofunctional N,N‐diethyldithiocarbamate groups on their surface were prepared by free‐radical emulsion copolymerization of a mixture of styrene, divinylbenzene and 4‐vinylbenzyl N,N‐diethyldithiocarbamate with redox system as an initiator under UV irradiation. In this copolymerization, the inimer 4‐vinylbenzyl N,N‐diethyldithiocarbamate acted the formation of hyperbranched structures by living radical photopolymerization. The particle sizes (number‐average particle diameter = 214–523 nm) were controlled by varying the feed amount of surfactant and size distributions were relatively narrow. Subsequently, core–shell particles were synthesized by photoinduced atom transfer radical polymerization approach of methyl methacrylate initiated by photofunctional polystyrene particles as a macroinitiator. Such core–shell particles were stabilized sterically by grafted chains in organic solvents. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 45: 1771–1777, 2007