二氧化碳和丙烯在Cu2(OEt)2/SiO2催化下超临界合成甲基丙烯酸

负载型双核金属乙氧基配合物催化剂Cu2(OEt)2／SiO2采用表面改性法制备。运用滴定、IR、DSC和超临界反应技术对催化剂的表面结构、化学吸附性质和反应性能进行了研究。结果表明：负载型双核金属乙氧基配合物Cu2(OEt)2／SiO2中Cu”与载体SiO2表面O^2-以双齿配位形式键合,存在Cu2(OEt)2双核结构;二氧化碳在催化剂表面吸附形式形成桥式和乙氧碳酸酯基物种两种吸附态,丙烯则只有一种分子吸附态;在超临界的反应条件下,二氧化碳和丙烯在Cu2(OEt)2／SiO2催化剂上可以高选择性地合成甲基丙烯酸;反应物分子共吸附于催化剂表面,同一活性基元以及羧酸根与丙烯解离吸附态的形成是反应顺利进行的关键因素。     

Effect of EtOH/MgCl(2) molar ratios on the catalytic properties of MgCl(2)-SiO(2)/TiCl(4) Ziegler-Natta catalyst for ethylene polymerization

MgCl(2)-SiO(2)/TiCl(4) Ziegler-Natta catalysts for ethylene polymerization were prepared by impregnation of MgCl(2) on SiO(2) in heptane and further treatment with TiCl(4). MgCl(2)·nEtOH adduct solutions were prepared with various EtOH/MgCl(2) molar ratios for preparation of the MgCl(2)-supported and MgCl(2)-SiO(2)-supported catalysts in order to investigate the effect on polymerization performance of both catalyst systems. The catalytic activities for ethylene polymerization decreased markedly with increased molar ratios of [EtOH]/[MgCl(2)] for the MgCl(2)-supported catalysts, while for the bi-supported catalysts, the activities only decreased slightly. The MgCl(2)-SiO(2)-supported catalyst had relatively constant activity, independent of the [EtOH]/[MgCl(2)] ratio. The lower [EtOH]/[MgCl(2)] in MgCl(2)-supported catalyst exhibited better catalytic activity. However, for the MgCl(2)-SiO(2)-supported catalyst, MgCl(2) can agglomerate on the SiO(2) surface at low [EtOH]/[MgCl(2)] thus not being not suitable for TiCl(4) loading. It was found that the optimized [EtOH]/[MgCl(2)] value for preparation of bi-supported catalysts having high activity and good spherical morphology with little agglomerated MgCl(2) was 7. Morphological studies indicated that MgCl(2)-SiO(2)-supported catalysts have good morphology with spherical shapes that retain the morphology of SiO(2). The BET measurement revealed that pore size is the key parameter dictating polymerization activity. The TGA profiles of the bi-supported catalyst also confirmed that it was more stable than the mono-supported catalyst, especially in the ethanol removal region.     

FTIR研究聚丙烯负载型催化剂的制备过程

采用红外光谱跟踪分析用于丙烯聚合的ＭｇＣｌ２负载型催化剂的制备过程,阐明了制备过程中的主要化学变化．认为载体ＭｇＣｌ２含水对催化剂负载过程及钛含量有极大的影响;ＭｇＣｌ２的溶解是一经过中间过渡态的醇化过程;邻苯二甲酸酐不仅会与部分醇反应生成酯,而且还与水反应生成酸,起了除水的作用;其中酯在ＴｉＣｌ４负载中作为内酯,酸容易与－Ｍｇ—（ＯＲ）作用生成Ｍｇ（ＯＨ）２或Ｍｇ（ＯＨ）Ｃｌ;在负载过程中,ＴｉＣｌ４倾向于在ＭｇＣｌ２表面的结构缺陷处与ＭｇＣｌ２发生“结构锚定”．用红外光谱跟踪分析的结论,得到了用不同含水量ＭｇＣｌ２制得的催化剂钛含量和催化活性及ＸＰＳ分析的支持     

用高效SiO2载体催化剂进行乙烯气相聚合

使用球形ＳｉＯ２负载ＭｇＣｌ２－ＴｉＣｌ４高活性催化剂进行乙烯气相聚合，考察了催化剂制备条件和添加剂对催化剂的组成、催化活性以及聚合表观动力学的影响．结果表明，ＳｉＯ２热处理温度和所用的醇对Ｍｇ和Ｔｉ的负载量及乙烯聚合活性有明显的影响．催化剂制备中添加Ｌｅｗｉｓ酸ＳｉＣｌ４或ＡｌＥｔ２Ｃｌ能大幅度提高催化剂的活性，其中以ＳｉＣｌ４的效果最为明显．随着ＳｉＣｌ４用量的增加，乙烯气相聚合的活性显著提高，聚合速度随时间变化由渐升平稳型转变为衰减型     

Ni／Al2O3催化剂上CH4／CO2重整的脉冲反应研究

报道了用脉冲反应研究Ｎｉ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３催化剂上ＣＨ４／ＣＯ２重整反应的结果。脉冲反应显示，在还原的Ｎｉ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３催化剂上，ＣＨ４在６７３Ｋ就开始发生分解，并有Ｃ２Ｈ６、Ｃ２Ｈ４生成，１０２３Ｋ下，ＣＨ４几乎完全分解，单纯的ＣＯ２则很难在还原的催化剂上发生反应，在９７３Ｋ以上的高温下才会有少量Ｃ胜成ＣＯ．ＣＨＣＯ２的脉冲反应表明，当ＣＨ４在较低温度下开始分解时，ＣＯ２也会发生分解，并生成ＣＯ。脉冲反     

二(β-羟亚胺)二氯化钛配合物的合成及催化乙烯聚合

报道了3个β-羟亚胺配体(2,6-^emPr₂C₆H₃)N＝C(Ph)CH₂CH(Ph)OH(1a), (2,6-^emPr₂C₆H₃)N＝C·(Ph)CH₂C(Ph)₂OH(1b)和(2,6-^emPr₂C₆H₃)N＝C(Ph)CH₂C(C₁₂H₈)OH(1c)及其二(β-羟亚胺)二氯化钛配合物[(2,6-^emPr₂C₆H₃)N＝C(Ph)CH₂CH(Ph)O]₂TiCl₂(2a), [(2,6-^emPr₂C₆H₃)N＝C(Ph)CH₂C(Ph)₂O]₂·TiCl₂(2b)和[(2,6-^emPr₂C₆H₃)N＝C(Ph)CH₂C(C₁₂H₈)O]₂TiCl₂(2c)的合成, 并对其结构进行了表征. 在助催化剂甲基铝氧烷(MAO)作用下, 以化合物2b为主催化剂, 研究了Al/Ti摩尔比、 反应时间、 温度和聚合压力等对乙烯聚合的影响, 发现该催化体系在较宽的反应条件下均可得到很高分子量的聚乙烯, 熔点均在140℃左右. 以化合物2a~2c为主催化剂对乙烯进行催化聚合, 发现在β碳位上取代基的立体位阻对催化剂活性有很大影响. 当化合物2b上引入2个苯基取代基时, 催化剂显示出最佳催化活性.     

CO2和CH3OH直接合成碳酸二甲酯Cu-Ni/V2O5-SiO2催化剂

采用表面反应改性法制备了V2O5 SiO2(VSiO)表面复合物 ,用等体积浸渍法制备了VSiO担载的Cu Ni双金属催化剂 ,用IR、TPD、TPSR和微反技术研究了CO2 和CH3OH在催化剂表面上的化学吸附与反应性能.结果表明,在Cu Ni/VSiO催化剂上存在着金属位Cu Ni合金、Lewis酸位Vn 和Lewis碱位V=O三类活性中心 ;CO2 在金属位和Lewis酸位协同作用下可生成CO2卧式吸附态M -(CO) -O→Vn ,此吸附态在138℃左右可解离成M -CO和V=O ;CH3OH在Lewis酸位和Lewis碱位协同作用下可形成解离吸附态V -OCH3和V -OH ;CO2 和CH3OH在Cu Ni/VSiO催化剂表面上的反应产物主要为碳酸二甲酯(DMC)、CH2O、CO和H2O ,其生成DMC的选择性在85%以上.     

STUDIES ON TiCI4/Mg (OEt)_2/EB SUPPORTED CATALYSTS FOR PROPYLENE POLYMERIZATION

The supported catalysts for propylene polymerization were prepared by milling Mg (OEt)_2 with EB (ethylbenzoate) and treating with TiCl_4 solution. When TiCl_4/(Mg(OEt)_2/EB) (mol.) ratio was increased, decrease in contents of-OEt and Ti of the catalysts was observed, while the content of EB increased. It is proved by analyses of IR, X-ray and XPS that during co-milling Mg(OEt)_2 with EB no reactions have taken place. But after treatment with TiCl_4 solution, Mg(OEt)_2 converts into MgCl_2 and EB coordinates on the resulting MgCl_2 carrier, a surface complex forms.The activity of catalysts,isotacticity and vicosimetric molecular weight of polypropylene increase with the decrease of the content of ethoxyl group. The kinetic curves of propene polymerization obtained with present catalysts system display decay curves. It is found from the triad tacticity calculated from the expanded spectra of methyl carbon region that, ethoxyl group in catalyst has an effect on the configuration of polymer chain.     

Kinetic and Morphological Investigation on the Magnesium Ethoxide-Based Ziegler-Natta Catalyst for Propylene Polymerization Using Typical External Donors

Kinetic and morphological aspects of slurry propylene polymerization using a MgCl₂-supported Ziegler-Natta catalyst synthesized from a Mg(OEt)₂ precursor in the presence and absence of two different external donors are investigated. The kinetic profiles show similar trend in presence and absence of donors. The Mg(OEt)₂-based catalyst show a mild activation and a long-standing activity with good replication of the catalyst particles. The results show that synthesized Mg(OEt)₂-based Ziegler-Natta catalyst presents a highly stable polymerization activity and good replication due to the uniform Ti distribution all over the catalyst particles.     

Syntheses, structure, and reactivity of chiral titanium compounds: procatalysts for olefin polymerization

Titanium complexes with chelating alkoxo ligands have been synthesised with the aim to investigate titanium active centres in catalytic ethylene polymerisation. The titanium complexes cis-[TiCl2(eta2-maltolato)2] (1, 89%), and cis-[TiCl2(eta2-guaiacolato)2] (2, 80%) were prepared by direct reaction of TiCl4 with maltol and guaiacol in toluene. The addition of maltol to [Ti(OiPr)4] in THF results in the formation of species [Ti(OiPr)2(maltolato)2] (3, 82%). The titanium compound cis-[Ti(OEt)2(eta2-maltolato)2] (4, 74%) was obtained by the transesterification reaction of species 3 with CH3CO2Et. When compound 4 is dissolved in THF a dinuclear species [Ti2(mu-OEt)2(OEt)4-(eta2-maltolato)2] (5, 45%) is formed. Reaction of [Ti(OiPr)4] with crude guaiacol in THF yields a solid, which after recrystallisation from acetonitrile gives [Ti4(mu-O)4(eta2-guaiacolato)] x 4CH3CN (6, 55%). In contrast, reaction of TiCl4 with crude guaiacol in tetrahydrofuran affords [Ti2(mu-O)Cl2(eta2-guaiacolato)4] (7, 82%). Crystallographic and electrochemical analyses of these complexes demonstrate that maltolato and guaiacolato ligands can be used as a valuable alternative for the cyclopentadienyl ring. These complexes have been shown to be active catalysts upon combination with the appropriate activator.     

CH4部分氧化制氢Ni-Cu/ZrSiO催化剂的研究

采用表面反应改性法制备了ZrO2-SiO2(ZrSiO)表面复合物，用等体积浸渍法制备了ZrSiO负载的Ni-Cu双金属催化剂，并用IR、TPD、TPSR和微反技术考察了CH4、H2O和O2在催化剂表面上的化学吸附及反应性能。结果表明，在Ni-Cu /ZrSiO催化剂上存在着Ni-Cu金属位，Lewis酸位Znn+和碱位Zr-O－三类活性中心；CH4和H2O在金属位和Lewis酸位Znn+和碱位Zr-O－的协同作用下可形成解离吸附态； CH4、H2O和O2在Ni-Cu /ZrSiO催化剂表面上的主要反应产物为H2和CO2，选择性均在95％以上。     

Preparation and study of bi-supported Ziegler-Natta catalyst with nano graphene oxide and magnesium ethoxide supports for polymerization of polyethylene

In this study, we have reported the preparation of bi-supported Ziegler-Natta catalysts using magnesium ethoxide and graphene oxide as support. The polymerization process was carried out in slurry phase using triisobutylaluminum as a co-catalyst.The XRD analysis of TiCl₄/graphene oxide/Mg(OEt)₂ catalyst demonstrated that the space between the layers of graphene oxide had increased to 0.2 nm.The catalyst was characterized by XPS, BET, BJH, SEM, and TGA. The catalyst activity was studied for various Al/Ti molar ratios, and the catalyst activity was optimum at Al/Ti molar ratio of 315.     

CO2和CH3OH直接合成碳酸二甲酯Cu-Ni/V2O5-SiO2催化剂

采用表面反应改性法制备了Ｖ２Ｏ５－ＳｉＯ２（ＶＳｉＯ）表面复合物,用等体积浸渍法制备了ＶＳｉＯ担载的Ｃｕ－Ｎｉ双金属催化剂,用ＩＲ,ＴＰＤ,ＴＰＳＲ和微反技术研究了ＣＯ２和ＣＨ３ＯＨ在催化剂表面上的化学吸附与反应性能。结果表明,在Ｃｕ－Ｎｉ／ＶＳｉＯ催化剂上存在着金属位Ｃｕ－Ｎｉ合金,Ｌｅｗｉｓ酸位Ｖ＾ｎ＋和Ｌｅｗｉｓ碱位Ｖ＝Ｏ三类活性中心;ＣＯ２在金属位和Ｌｅｗｉｓ酸位协同作用下可生成ＣＯ２卧式     

制备方法对Ni/MgO/Al2O3催化剂在甲烷与二氧化碳重整反应活性的影响

采用浸渍－还原法制备的Ｎｉ／ＭｇＯ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３在ＣＨ４与ＣＯ２重整制合成气反应中显示出良好的催化性能和一定的抗积炭能力;在１０２３Ｋ下流动反应气氛中连续运转１００ｈ,未见活性下降,ＣＨ４及Ｃ弦均为９０％左右,ＣＯ收率高于９０％,实验还发现,ＣＨ４转化率随着原料气中ＣＯ２浓度的增加而升高,当Ｖ（ＣＯ２）／Ｖ（ＣＨ４）＝２时ＣＨ４转化率可达１００％,通过ＢＥＴ比表面积测定及ＸＲＤ,ＴＥＭ等分析手段,比     

α-酯甲基硫桥羰基铁配合物(μ-RS)[μ-EtO<(O)CH2S]-Fe2(CO)6的合成及构象分析

通过μ-S2Fe2(CO)6的S-S键被Grignard试剂的还原断裂反应及中间物(μ-RS)(μ-XMgS)Fe2(CO)6(2)对氯代乙酸乙酯的亲核取代反应,合成了一系列铁硫原子簇配合物(μ-RS)[μ-EtOC(O)CH2S]Fe2(CO)6(1).1也可由2经三氟醋酸酸解及中月物(μ-RS)(μ-HS)Fe2(CO)6(3)在三乙胺存在下与氯代乙酸乙酯缩合制得.然而前法较后法既操作简便又原料便宜易得.构象分析表明,各配合物一般为ae.ee和ea三种或其中构象体以一定比例存在的混和物.     

给电子体在制备烯烃聚合NdCl_3载体催化剂中的作用

<正> Martin以无水稀土氯化物为载体,与磷酸三丁酯(TBP)在庚烷溶剂中反应制得LnCl_3/TBP/TiCl_4载体催化剂,其中以NdCl_3为载体的催化剂对乙烯聚合有很高活性,但对TBP的作用和载钛结构涉及较少。NdCl_3为链状晶体结构,不同于层状晶体结构的MgCl_2和TiCl_3(α和δ型)。我们对NdCl_3/EtOH/TiCl_4催化剂进行了较为详细的研究,并与MgCl_2/EtOH/TiCl_4催化剂进行比较,发现NdCl_3载体催化剂与MgCl_2载体     

球形氯化镁载体与四氯化钛反应的载钛过程研究

球形氯化镁载体型齐格勒-纳塔催化剂是目前常用的工业聚烯烃催化剂,由于制备工艺对催化剂性能影响很大,因此对此类催化剂制备过程的研究具有重要意义。本文利用自制球形氯化镁载体与四氯化钛反应制备球形聚烯烃催化剂,分析了载钛反应过程的中间产物。对球形氯化镁载体载钛过程中钛含量、比表面、比孔容、晶型等发生的变化进行分析,并研究了邻苯二甲酸二丁酯作为内给电子体在球形氯化镁载体载钛过程中的作用,为球形氯化镁载体型催化剂制备工艺的改进提供了重要参考依据。     

K2O助剂对合成碳酸二甲酯用Cu/Ni/ZrO2-SiO2催化剂的吸附和催化性能的影响

 用等体积浸渍法制备了ZrO2－SiO2（ZrSiO）表面复合氧化物负载的Cu－Ni催化剂,并用IR,TPR,TPD及微反技术考察了K2O助剂对CO2和CH3OH在Cu－Ni／ZrSiO催化剂表面上的吸附及合成碳酸二甲酯（DMC）反应性能的影响．结果表明：加入K2O助剂使CO2在催化剂表面上的吸附增强,当n（K）／n（Cu＋Ni）＝15％时,CO2在催化剂表面上吸附后生成K2CO3;CH3OH在催化剂表面上的解离吸附态（CH3O－和H＋）的吸附减弱;CO2和CH3OH在Cu－Ni／ZrSiO催化剂表面上反应的主要产物为DMC,H2O,CO和CH2O;随着K2O助剂的加入,反应转化率及DMC选择性提高,副产物（CO和CH2O）的选择性下降．根据实验结果,探讨了K2O对催化剂表面活性中心电荷分布的影响．     

用无外给电子体Ziegler-Natta催化剂催化丙烯聚合的研究

采用 9,9 双 (甲氧基甲基 )芴 (BMMF)为内给电子体合成MgCl2 /TiCl4 /BMMF催化剂 ,以三乙基铝为助催化剂在无需外给电子体的情况下得到高等规度的聚丙烯 .该催化剂具有高活性和高立体定向性 ,并与以邻苯二甲酸二丁酯 (Phthalate)为内给电子体 ,二苯基二甲氧基硅 (DDS)为外给电子体合成的MgCl2 /TiCl4 /Phthalate AlEt3 /DDS催化剂的性能进行比较 ,结果表明无外给电子体催化剂具有较高的活性 ,且聚丙烯的等规度大于 95 % .研究了聚合温度 ,铝钛比等聚合条件对催化剂的活性 ,聚合物的分子量、等规度和熔点的影响 ,并用13 C NMR对聚合物的序列结构进行了分析     

Au(HPMBP)(PMBP)3和Ti(PMBP)2(OEt)Cl螯合物的合成与性质

AuCl_3·HCl·4H_2O和TiCl_4分别与1-苯基-3-甲基-4-苯甲酰基吡唑酮-5(酮式HPMBP)的饱和乙醇溶液反应,首次合成了化学式为Au(HPMBP)(PMBP)_3和Ti(PMBP)_2(OEt)Cl(OEt=OC_2H_5~-)的螯合物。用元素分析、IR、~1HNMR、电导和质谱(MS)研究了它们的性质,推测出了分子结构式。