从磺酸阳离子交换树脂合成高分子试剂

磺酸阳离子交换树脂(■)与吡啶反应生成磺酸吡啶盐树脂(■),后者用亚硫酰氯处理可100％转化为聚苯乙烯磺酰氯树脂(■)。(■)可以作为对酸敏感的二酮与乙二醇反应生成单缩酮的催化剂。     

新形态全氟磺酸树脂催化剂研究进展

全氟磺酸树脂是绿色固体酸催化剂，对许多反应有较好的催化活性和选择性。但由于全氟磺酸树脂比表面较低，埋没在氟碳基体中的酸性中心不易被反应物所接近，质量比活性低。本文对近年来新形态全氟磺酸树脂，如多孔、负载化、纳米复合物及其改性的全氟磺酸树脂的催化作用进行了综述，文献结果表明全氟磺酸树脂纳米复合物对很多有机合成反应具有很高的催化活性。     

高分子路易斯酸催化剂—阳离子交换树脂四氯化锡复合物

大孔强酸性聚苯乙烯系阳离子交换树脂与SnCl_4在CS_2中反应可生成一种稳定的高分子路易斯酸催化剂.其制备简单、易分离.这种催化剂不怕水,对酯化、缩醛、缩酮、醚化及付氏烷基化反应具有较好的催化作用,且催化性能稳定,至少可重复使用10次.     

SiO2载负回收全氟磺酸树脂催化乙酸丁酯合成

SiO2载负回收全氟磺酸树脂催化乙酸丁酯合成;固体酸;全氟磺酸树脂/二氧化硅复合物催化剂     

阳离子交换树脂催化合成巯基乙酸酯

使用阳离子交换树脂Ｄ６１、Ｄ７２为催化剂，合成了七种巯基乙酸酯。文中对影响反应的诸因素进行了讨论。酯收率为９０％左右。     

磺酸型阳离子交换树脂催化合成肉桂酸甲酯

以磺酸型阳离子交换树脂为催化剂，由肉桂酸和甲醇合成了肉桂酸甲酯。考察了反应条件对酯化反应的影响和树脂的催化稳定性。结果表明，肉桂酸的转化率可达９５．５％，且催化剂的性能稳定。     

H型阳离子交换树脂在催化合成烷基酚中的工业应用

本文采用Ｄ７２强酸阳离子交换树脂作催化剂，催化合成烷基酚。平均收率可达８４％，反应条件温和、成本低。     

强酸性阳离子交换树脂催化合成丙烯酸—β—羟乙酯

在强酸型阳离子交换树脂催化下,以丙烯酸和乙二醇合成丙烯酸—β—羟乙酯,反应条件温和,操作简单,催化剂活性高,可以循环使用。     

全氟磺酸树脂/SiO2催化合成邻苯二甲酸二辛酯

全氟磺酸树脂/SiO2催化合成邻苯二甲酸二辛酯;固体酸;全氟磺酸离子交换膜;全氟磺酸树脂/SiO2复合物催化剂;邻苯二甲酸二辛酯     

强酸性阳离子交换树脂的热稳定性

本文对近年来强酸性阳离子交换树脂作为催化剂在热稳定性方面的改进及其性能的提高作了简要评述。     

离子交换树脂在有机催化反应中的应用进展

总结了阳离子交换树脂催化剂和阴离子交换树脂催化剂分别在酯化、烷基化、醚化、缩合、异构化、环氧化等有机合成反应中的应用进展,评述了离子交换树脂催化剂的催化性能和可回收利用性,展望了未来离子交换树脂催化剂的开发和发展方向。     

共价有机框架材料催化研究进展

共价有机框架材料(COFs)是一类具有高比表面积、高孔隙率、高结晶度的结构多样性多孔材料.由于COFs具有可设计性、易功能化的特点,可通过"自上而下"或者后修饰策略将具有催化活性的官能团或金属颗粒嵌入到材料骨架当中,从而设计出高效催化剂. COFs已逐渐在多相催化及其它催化领域展现出非常大的应用价值.本文综述了COFs作为催化剂载体在多种催化反应中的合成策略与应用,对COFs催化剂的现状进行了总结与展望,同时指出该领域面临的问题与挑战.     

有机多孔催化研究进展

有机多孔材料POPs (Porous Organic Polymers)成为近年来的研究前沿之一. 有机多孔材料包括非晶型(如CMP, HCP, PIM等)和晶型(比如COFs等)有机多孔材料两类, 它们具有优异的孔性质、较大的比表面积、稳定性好、重量轻以及易于功能化等诸多优点, 被广泛应用于气体存储分离、传感、有机光电和多相催化等重要领域. 这里对有机多孔材料在多相催化领域中的应用做一综述. 目前, 有机多孔催化领域的研究工作主要有三类: 一类是通过“自下而上”策略将金属-配体类催化剂嵌入有机多孔骨架来构建多相催化剂; 另一类是将有机多孔材料作为载体, 通过后修饰方式负载金属纳米颗粒构建多相催化剂; 最后一类是通过“自下而上”策略将不含金属的有机小分子催化剂嵌入材料骨架来构建多孔有机催化剂. 受益于其结构的优越性, 有机多孔材料在多相催化中表现出优异的催化性能. 借鉴于均相催化的发展, 具有催化活性的有机多孔材料在多相催化领域中的应用也将会有更大的发展空间.     

Recent Advances in Covalent Organic Frameworks for Catalysis

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) as an emerging type of crystalline porous materials, have obtained considerable attention recently. They have exhibited diverse structure and attractive performance in various catalytic reactions. It is highly expected to have a systematic and comprehensive review summing up COFs‐derived catalysts in homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis, which is favorable to the judicious design of an efficient catalyst for targeted reaction. Herein, we focus on summarizing recent and significant developments in COFs materials, with an emphasis on both the synthetic strategies and targeted functionalization, and categorize it in accordance with the different types of catalytic reactions. Their potential catalysis applications are reviewed thoroughly. Moreover, a personal view about the future development of COFs catalysts with respect to the large‐scale production is also discussed.     

多金属氧簇催化研究进展

多金属氧簇由于其组成和结构易于调控、具有酸性、氧化还原性、低毒性和低腐蚀性等优点,作为工业催化剂具有广阔的应用前景,是多酸化学领域的研究热点之一。本文综述了近5年来多金属氧簇在催化领域中研究的新进展,主要包括多金属氧簇的酸催化、氧化催化、双功能催化、加氢和活化二氧化碳合成碳酸酯等催化反应以及多金属氧簇的工业化应用等,并对未来发展趋势进行了展望。     

小分子有机添加物对胶团催化的影响

表面活性剂胶团对化学反应的催化作用具有重要的理论和实际意义^[1-2],在影响胶团催化的诸因素中,有机添加物的影响很受重视,这是因为有机物的加入既可能改变介质的性质,也可能对胶团的结构,大小,电性质产生影响,至今对添加有机物影响的研究大多为定性描述,缺少定量处理的结果,本文初步研究了小分子有机添加物异丙醇（i-PrOH),叔丁醇（t-BuOH),异戊醇（i-PeoH)和苯甲醛（PhCHO)对2－4－二硝基氯苯（DNCB）在溴代十六烷基三甲铵（CTAB）阳离子胶团训与NaOH反应的准一级反应速率常数k1 的影响,应用假相离子交换（PIE）模型的基本公式对实验结果进行了定量处理,并用胶团结构的变化对实验结果进行了解释。     

Extraction of Organic Compounds from Aqueous Media by Amberlite XAD Resins

Abstract

Three Amberlite polymeric resins, XAD-2, XAD-4 and XAD-7, were evaluated for extraction efficiency from aqueous media of several organic compounds representing pesticides, polyaromatic hydrocarbons, phenols and phthalate esters. The three resins exhibited different extraction characteristics. The extraction efficiency of the resins was found to be dependent on pH conditions and, on the average, was best at pH7. At this pH the XAD-2 and XAD-4 resins yielded quantitative recoveries in the 90–100% range for most compounds at the 20–200ppb level. Recoveries by XAD-7 resins were lower for several compounds. The recovery of aldrin and o, p DDT under all conditions was relatively low (>68%) and showed a higher degree of variability than that obtained for the other compounds. Alkaline pH conditions were generally unfavourable for the extraction of phenolic compounds but acidification to pH2 was not found to be a necessary step for the quantitative extraction of the phenolic compounds. Acidification to pH2 further led to a decrease in the recovery of most compounds for XAD-4 resins. A combined resin column yielded extraction efficiencies comparable to the XAD-2 column at pH 7, but since the three resins possess different extraction characteristics, a mixture comprising all three is recommended for the preconcentration of organic compounds from environmental water samples containing a wide range of compounds.     

Synergistic Pd/Cu Catalysis in Organic Synthesis

Synergistic Pd/Cu catalysis has been utilized in the Sonogashira reaction since 1975. However, this strategy has not received much attention from the organic chemist community until recently. Synergistic Pd/Cu catalysis is becoming a proficient method for the development of catalytic reactions, including several new and efficient cross-coupling reactions. Additionally, several challenging asymmetric reactions, including stereodivergent synthesis, have been discovered by the combined use of a chiral metal catalyst and a second achiral metal catalyst or two chiral metal catalysts. This review provides an overview of this field, with the aims of highlighting both the development of synergistic Pd/Cu catalysis in organic synthesis and the reaction mechanisms involved in this research area.     

温控相转移催化——水/有机两相催化新进展

综述了“温控相转移催化”的原理,温控膦配体的设计、合成及其在水溶性极小的底物高碳烯烃的水/有机两相氢甲酰化反应中的应用效果.