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1.
Andreas Weiermann 《Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society》2004,132(2):553-561
Let be a number-theoretic function. A finite set of natural numbers is called -large if . Let be the Paris Harrington statement where we replace the largeness condition by a corresponding -largeness condition. We classify those functions for which the statement is independent of first order (Peano) arithmetic . If is a fixed iteration of the binary length function, then is independent. On the other hand is provable in . More precisely let where denotes the -times iterated binary length of and denotes the inverse function of the -th member of the Hardy hierarchy. Then is independent of (for ) iff .
2.
Andreas Defant Mieczyslaw Mastylo Carsten Michels 《Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society》2004,132(2):513-521
Using abstract interpolation theory, we study eigenvalue distribution problems for operators on complex symmetric Banach sequence spaces. More precisely, extending two well-known results due to König on the asymptotic eigenvalue distribution of operators on -spaces, we prove an eigenvalue estimate for Riesz operators on -spaces with , which take values in a -concave symmetric Banach sequence space , as well as a dual version, and show that each operator on a -convex symmetric Banach sequence space , which takes values in a -concave symmetric Banach sequence space , is a Riesz operator with a sequence of eigenvalues that forms a multiplier from into . Examples are presented which among others show that the concavity and convexity assumptions are essential.
3.
Edward Bierstone 《Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society》2004,132(4):997-1003
Let : denote a real analytic function on an open subset of , and let denote the points where does not admit a local analytic extension. We show that if is semialgebraic (respectively, globally subanalytic), then is semialgebraic (respectively, subanalytic) and extends to a semialgebraic (respectively, subanalytic) neighbourhood of . (In the general subanalytic case, is not necessarily subanalytic.) Our proof depends on controlling the radii of convergence of power series centred at points in the image of an analytic mapping , in terms of the radii of convergence of at points , where denotes the Taylor expansion of at .
4.
Let be a nonempty closed convex subset of a real Banach space and be a Lipschitz pseudocontractive self-map of with . An iterative sequence is constructed for which as . If, in addition, is assumed to be bounded, this conclusion still holds without the requirement that Moreover, if, in addition, has a uniformly Gâteaux differentiable norm and is such that every closed bounded convex subset of has the fixed point property for nonexpansive self-mappings, then the sequence converges strongly to a fixed point of . Our iteration method is of independent interest.
5.
Let be a nondegenerate coaction of on a -algebra , and let be a closed subgroup of . The dual action is proper and saturated in the sense of Rieffel, and the generalised fixed-point algebra is the crossed product of by the homogeneous space . The resulting Morita equivalence is a version of Mansfield's imprimitivity theorem which requires neither amenability nor normality of .
6.
Martin Mathieu 《Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society》2004,132(2):443-446
A linear mapping from a subspace of a Banach algebra into another Banach algebra is called spectrally bounded if there is a constant such that for all , where denotes the spectral radius. We prove that every spectrally bounded unital operator from a unital purely infinite simple -algebra onto a unital semisimple Banach algebra is a Jordan epimorphism.
7.
Qingying Bu 《Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society》2004,132(2):381-384
D. R. Lewis (1977) proved that for a Banach space and , , the projective tensor product of and , is weakly sequentially complete whenever is weakly sequentially complete. In this note, we give a short proof of Lewis's result, based on our sequential representation (2001) of .
8.
A. Chigogidze A. Karasev M. Rø rdam 《Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society》2004,132(3):783-788
It is proved that if is a compact Hausdorff space of Lebesgue dimension , then the squaring mapping , defined by , is open if and only if . Hence the Lebesgue dimension of can be detected from openness of the squaring maps . In the case it is proved that the map , from the selfadjoint elements of a unital -algebra into its positive elements, is open if and only if is isomorphic to for some compact Hausdorff space with .
9.
Herbert Weigel 《Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society》2004,132(6):1775-1778
Let be a Banach algebra, , the spectrum of and the spectral abscissa of . If , then we show that there exists an algebra cone such that is exponentially nonnegative with respect to and the spectral radius is increasing on .
10.
Ivan P. Shestakov 《Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society》2004,132(2):313-316
Let be the algebra of classical real octonions or the (split) algebra of octonions over the finite field 2$">. Then the quotient loop of the Moufang loop of all invertible elements of the algebra modulo its center is not embedded into a loop of invertible elements of any alternative algebra.
11.
Enrico Leuzinger 《Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society》2004,132(3):919-927
Let be a noncompact semisimple Lie group and an arbitrary discrete, torsion-free subgroup of . Let be the bottom of the spectrum of the Laplace-Beltrami operator on the locally symmetric space , and let be the exponent of growth of . If has rank , then these quantities are related by a well-known formula due to Elstrodt, Patterson, Sullivan and Corlette. In this note we generalize that relation to the higher rank case by estimating from above and below by quadratic polynomials in . As an application we prove a rigiditiy property of lattices.
12.
Enrique Casanovas Frank O. Wagner 《Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society》2004,132(5):1543-1548
There is a model-completion of the theory of a (reflexive) -coloured graph such that is total, and for all . For 2$">, the theory is not simple, and does not have the strict order property. The theories combine to yield a non-simple theory without the strict order property, which does not eliminate hyperimaginaries.
13.
Pamela B. Pierce Daniel Waterman 《Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society》2004,132(3):755-760
The necessary and sufficient condition for to be in the class for every of that class whose range is in the domain of is that be in .
14.
Stephen J. Gardiner Mary Hanley 《Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society》2003,131(3):773-779
Let denote a relatively closed subset of the unit ball of . The purpose of this paper is to characterize those sets which have the following property: any harmonic function on which satisfies on (where 0$">) can be locally uniformly approximated on by a sequence of harmonic polynomials which satisfy the same inequality on . This answers a question posed by Stray, who had earlier solved the corresponding problem for holomorphic functions on the unit disc.
15.
Surjit Singh Khurana 《Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society》2003,131(3):937-939
Let be a completely regular Hausdorff space, a positive, finite Baire measure on , and a separable metrizable locally convex space. Suppose is a measurable mapping. Then there exists a sequence of functions in which converges to a.e. . If the function is assumed to be weakly continuous and the measure is assumed to be -smooth, then a separability condition is not needed.
16.
A. S. Kleshchev A. E. Zalesski 《Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society》2004,132(6):1605-1612
Let be an algebraically closed field of characteristic 0$"> and let be a quasi-simple group with . We describe the minimal polynomials of elements of order in irreducible representations of over . If , we determine the minimal polynomials of elements of order in -modular irreducible representations of , , , , , and .
17.
Karel Dekimpe 《Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society》2003,131(3):973-978
We are dealing with Lie groups which are diffeomorphic to , for some . After identifying with , the multiplication on can be seen as a map . We show that if is a polynomial map in one of the two (sets of) variables or , then is solvable. Moreover, if one knows that is polynomial in one of the variables, the group is nilpotent if and only if is polynomial in both its variables.
18.
A. V. Pokrovskii O. A. Rasskazov 《Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society》2004,132(2):567-577
Dynamical systems in are studied. Let be a bounded open set. We will be interested in those periodic orbits such that at least one of its points lies inside and at least one of its points lies outside ; the orbits with this property are called -broken. Information about the structure of the set of -broken orbits is suggested; results are formulated in terms of topological degree theory.
19.
Flavio Abdenur Artur Avila Jairo Bochi 《Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society》2004,132(3):699-705
We prove that nontrivial homoclinic classes of -generic flows are topologically mixing. This implies that given , a nontrivial -robustly transitive set of a vector field , there is a -perturbation of such that the continuation of is a topologically mixing set for . In particular, robustly transitive flows become topologically mixing after -perturbations. These results generalize a theorem by Bowen on the basic sets of generic Axiom A flows. We also show that the set of flows whose nontrivial homoclinic classes are topologically mixing is not open and dense, in general.
20.
Rings with finite Gorenstein injective dimension 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Henrik Holm 《Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society》2004,132(5):1279-1283
In this paper we prove that for any associative ring , and for any left -module with finite projective dimension, the Gorenstein injective dimension equals the usual injective dimension . In particular, if is finite, then also is finite, and thus is Gorenstein (provided that is commutative and Noetherian).