糖尿病人头发中的铬、锰、铁与铜含量水平

采用催化极谱方法分析了 98例 (糖尿病人 47例 ,对照组健康人 5 1例 )头发样品中的微量元素铬 (Cr)、锰 (Mn)、铁 (Fe)、铜 (Cu)、锌 (Zn)、硒 (Se)和宏量元素钙 (Ca)、镁 (Mg)含量水平。结果显示 ,糖尿病人头发样品中的Cr( 0 99± 0 75 )× 1 0 - 6 、Mn( 1 3 0± 0 90 )× 1 0 - 6 和Cu( 8 5 0± 1 40 )× 1 0 - 6 分别显著低于对照组头发样品中的Cr( 1 5 5± 0 97)× 1 0 - 6 、Mn( 2 3 0± 1 60 )×1 0 - 6 和Cu( 1 0 40± 2 90 )× 1 0 - 6 ,Cr、Mn、Cu的显著性水平分别为P =0 0 0 1 ,P <0 0 0 1和P <0 0 0 1。而糖尿病人头发样品中的Fe( 1 9 0 0± 9 0 0 )× 1 0 - 6 ,则显著高于对照组头发样品中的Fe( 1 6 0 0± 8 0 0 )× 1 0 - 6 ,其显著性水平P为 0 0 2 3。但糖尿病人与健康人头发样品中的Zn、Se、Ca和Mg含量水平之间的差别并不显著。这些结果与其他一些研究所得的结论基本一致。     

硒(Ⅳ)-铜(Ⅱ)体系的催化吸附波研究及应用

用单扫描示波极谱法研究了Se(Ⅳ) Cu(Ⅱ)体系的伏安行为,发现在乙酸溶液中,Se(Ⅳ)在Cu(Ⅱ)的存在下,于-0.76V(vs.SCE)产生一灵敏的导数极谱波,峰电流与Se(Ⅳ)的浓度在5.0×10-8～7.0×10-6mol L的范围内呈线性关系,检出限为2.0×10-8mol/L。研究了该波的性质及电极反应机理,证明该催化波为吸附波。实验测得电子转移数n=2,不可逆吸附的转移系数α=0 61～0 68,反应速率常数Ks=1.41 s。并用建立的方法成功地测定了发样中的硒。     

氟的单扫描极谱测定改进体系研究及分析应用

采用三电极系统, 在HCl条件下, 利用氟对锆(Ⅳ)-水杨基荧光酮(SAF)二元络合体系的竞争抑制及聚乙二醇的增敏作用, 用单扫描极谱法测定多样品中各含量的氟. 最佳底液组成是: 1.2 mg/L Zr(Ⅳ)-0.24 mol/L HCl-1.4×10-4 mol/L的水杨基荧光酮-1.6 mg/L的聚乙二醇(20000). 其起始电位为-0.30 V, 峰电位在-0.68 V (vs. SCE)左右, 测氟的线性范围为16.0～800.0 μg/L, 线性回归方程为Ip″(×10-4 nA)＝1.3551+0.0048c (μg/L) (n＝21, r＝0.9996), 检出限为12.2 μg/L. 本法适用于土壤、水样、蔬菜及人发中各含量氟的测定. 用单扫描极谱法研究了氟的极谱行为, 证明了电极反应物为水杨基荧光酮而非ZrFp4-p, 极谱波为不可逆还原吸附波, 讨论了电极反应机理.     

灰化消解-极谱法测定油料中五个重金属元素

建立了灰化消解-极谱法测定油样中镉、铅、铜、镍、钴等5种微量重金属元素的含量.油料样品通过灰化法消解后,用极谱法在乙酸-乙酸盐缓冲溶液和磺基水杨酸-磷酸-氨水体系中测定5种重金属元素的含量.5种微量重金属元素的检出限为1.3×10-4～9.8×10-4 g·L-1,加标回收率为90%～106%,相对标准偏差为0.22%～3.16%.     

福美双-Cu2+配合物的极谱法研究

用单扫描极谱方法研究了福美双-Cu2+配合物的伏安行为.在pH4.0 HAc-NaAc缓冲液中,福美双与Cu2+形成配合物并于-1.06 V(vs.SCE)处产生一灵敏的极谱还原峰,其峰高与福美双的浓度在1.25×10-6～3.00×10-5 mol/L范围内呈线性关系.测得配合物的组成福美双∶Cu2+=1∶1.应用本方法测定植物样品中福美双的残留量并与HPLC比较,结果满意.同时还结合分光光度法研究了Cu2+对福美双的降解行为.并探讨了该极谱波的电极过程机理.     

极谱法测定化探样品中的钨、钼

化探样品经氢氧化钾熔融,用水提取其中的钨、钼,采用二苯乙醇酸代替苯羟乙酸,在硫酸-二苯乙醇酸-二苯胍-氯酸钾体系中,利用极谱催化波测定钨、钼,方法的灵敏度大大提高,钨、钼的峰电位分别为-0.76、-0.26 V(对饱和甘汞电极),钨、钼含量为1.0～100.0 ng/mL时,极谱峰高与浓度呈线性关系.方法经国家一级标准样品检验,测定结果与推荐值吻合,钨、钼测定结果的RSD分别为3.5%～4.1%、3.4%～3.9%(n=11).     

铜-1-(2-吡啶偶氮)-2-萘酚体系的极谱吸附催化波研究及应用

在KH2PO4NaOH(pH=6.4)缓冲溶液中,Cu(Ⅱ)1(2吡啶偶氮)2萘酚(PAN)在-0.23V(vs.SCE)产生灵敏的络合吸附波。加入了过硫酸钾以后,波高进一步增加,二阶导数峰电流与1.5×10-8～6.0×10-6mol/LCu2+呈良好的线性关系;检出限为8.0×10-9mol/L。研究了极谱波的性质及增敏的机理,表明该极谱波为吸附催化波。用于大米、绿豆和人发中铜含量的测定,取得了满意的结果。     

单扫描示波极谱法测定药物中的利血生

用单扫描示波极谱法研究了利血生在碱性条件下的分解产物与Cu2 在乙二胺介质中的伏安行为 ,发现其在 - 0 .37V(vs.SCE)处有一灵敏的极谱吸附波 ,其二阶导数波的峰电流ip″大小与利血生浓度在 4.0× 1 0 -7～ 6.0×1 0 -6mol L范围内成线性关系 ,RSD为 1 .0 % ,回收率在 97.9%～ 1 0 3%之间 ,方法的检出限为1 .0× 1 0 -7mol L。探讨了反应机理 ,并用建立的方法测定了片剂中利血生的含量     

健康人及某些癌症患者人发微量锰铁锌铜的测定及其结果评价

应用灵敏极谱波技术测定了健康人及各种癌症患者的发锰、铁、锌、铜，对结果进行了统计分析与评价。     

硝普钠-铜(Ⅱ)体系的极谱法研究与应用

本文用单扫描极谱法研究了硝普钠(SNP)-铜(Ⅱ)体系的伏安行为。在pH3.0的克拉克-鲁布斯缓冲溶液中,SNP和SNP-Cu2 体系于-0.47 V(vs.SCE)处均有极谱还原峰,但SNP-Cu2 体系的灵敏度是SNP的100倍左右,其峰高与SNP浓度在2.0×10-7~4.0×10-5mol/L范围内呈线性关系,检出限为1.0×10-7mol/L。应用本法测定静脉注射到大白鼠中SNP的含量,结果满意。     

Optimization of parameters for semiempirical methods. III Extension of PM3 to Be,Mg, Zn,Ga, Ge,As, Se,Cd, In,Sn, Sb,Te, Hg,Tl, Pb,and Bi

Using a recently developed procedure for optimizing parameters for semiempirical methods,¹ PM3 has been extended to a total of 28 elements. Average ΔH_f errors for the newly parameterized elements are Be: 8.6, Mg: 8.4, Zn: 5.8, Ga: 14.9, Ge: 11.4, As: 8.5, Se: 11.1, Cd: 2.6, In: 11.3, Sn: 9.0, Sb: 13.7, Te: 11.3, Hg: 6.8, Tl: 6.5, Pb: 7.4, and Bi: 10.9 kcal/mol. For some elements the paucity of data has resulted in a method, which, while highly accurate, is likely to be only poorly predictive.     

Metal-Directed Formation of Tetra-, Hexa-, Octa-, and Nonanuclear Complexes of Magnesium,Calcium, Manganese,Copper, and Cadmium

Efficacious metal control of self-assembly of dialkylketipinate dianions leads to completely different supramolecular assemblies. The structures of grid 1 , double-decker 2 , triple-decker 3 , and metalla-spherand 4 were characterized by X-ray crystallographic analyses or by NMR spectroscopy.     

Thin-layer chromatographic separation of aldrin,dieldrin, γ-hexachlorocyclohexane,malathion, ethyl-parathion,pentachlorophenol, and of chlordane,dieldrin, γ-hexachlorocyclohexane,malathion, ethyl-parathion,and pentachlorophenol from each other

A thin-layer chromatographic method is reported for the separation of aldrin (or chlordane), dieldrin, γ-hexachlorocyclohexane, malathion, ethyl-parathion, and pentachlorophenol from each other. The procedure, however, does not separate aldrin and chlordane from each other although it does separate either pesticide from the other components. The method employs alumina plates with n-hexane:xylene:benzene:toluene:cyclohexane:methyl cyclohexane (50:50:50:50:50:50:) as developing solvent.     

Certification of the mass fractions of Ca,Cu, Cl,I, Fe,K, Mg,P, Pb,N, Na and Zn in skim milk powder

Analyses of milk and milk products are routinely performed by a number of dairy laboratories to control the quality of these products with regard to e.g. nutritional components and potential exposure to toxic elements. In order to improve and control the quality of such analyses the Community Bureau of Reference (BCR) has organized series of certification campaigns to produce reference material of milk certified for a variety of elements and compounds. The increasing demand is such that the stock of some of these materials is now exhausted. Consequently, the BCR decided to produce a new batch of CRM of skim milk powder certified for its contents of Ca, Cu, Cl, I, Fe, K, Mg, P, Pb, N, Na and Zn (CRM 063R). This material was carefully prepared (spray-drying) and its homogeneity and long term stability was verified. This paper presents the certification work performed.     

Stereochemistry of the oxidation of 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 8a-octahydro-1-naphthoic acids

Summary It was shown that the oxidation of syn- and anti-1,2,3,5,6,7,8,8a-octahydro-1-naphthoic acids with peroxyacetic acid and with osmium tetraoxide proceed stereospecifically from the side opposite to that of the carboxy group. On the other hand, the oxidation of syn-cis-1,2,3,5,6,7,8,8a-octahydro-1, 2-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid goes in both of the possible sterically different directions with formation of isomeric- and-epoxides.     

猪胰脏中铁钙镁铜铅锌镉锰钴镍的测定

采用硝酸－过氧化氢在自动回流消化仪中消化猪胰脏,火焰原子吸收光度法测定铁、钙、镁、铜、锌、铅、镉、锰、钴、镍的含量。,方法简便,快速,结果令人满意,并对猪胰脏食用价值进行了评价。     

Prediction of the enthalpy of vapourisation for anhydrides,formates, acetates,propionates, butyrates,esters, and ethers

Four analytical correlations based on the use of the corresponding states principle were used to calculate the enthalpy of vapourisation of fluids. Three of these correlations require as inputs the critical temperature and the acentric factor. The fourth requires a molecular Lennard–Jones parameter and the acentric factor. Results for 184 polar and non-polar fluids grouped into 9 families are compared with the values accepted by the Design Institute for Physical Property (DIPPR) project. Recommendations are given for the use of each model and for the choice of the adequate model for each family of fluids.     

Certification of the contents of As, B, Cd, Cr, Co, Cu, Mn, Hg, Ni, Ti, V and Zn in a natural Moroccan phosphate rock

Summary The preparation and homogeneity tests of a natural Moroccan phosphate rock are described. The experimental procedures leading to the certification of the contents of As, B, Cd, Cr, Co, Cu, Hg, Mn, Ni, Ti, V and Zn are presented. The Pb-content is given as a recommended value. Indicative values are proposed for Ag, Mo, Sb, Se, Th and U. The certification has been carried out in participation with 11 laboratories from different European countries.

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Zertifizierung der Gehalte an As, B, Cd, Cr, Co, Cu, Mn, Hg, Ni, Ti, V und Zn in einem natürlichen Marokkanischen Phosphatgestein

Zusammenfassung Die Aufbereitung und die Homogenitätskontrollen eines natürlichen Marokkanischen Phosphatgesteins werden beschrieben. Die experimentellen Arbeiten, die zur Zertifizierung der genannten Gehalte geführt haben, werden angegeben. Für Blei wird ein empfohlener Wert gegeben. Indikative Werte werden für Ag, Mo, Sb, Se, Th und U vorgeschlagen. Die Zertifizierung wurde in Zusammenarbeit mit 11 Laboratorien aus verschiedenen europäischen Ländern durchgeführt.