云南松松塔中两种新木脂素圆二色谱的密度泛函研究

采用梯度校正的密度泛函理论方法,计算了云南松松塔中分离的2种新木脂素的绝对结构为7S,8R的手性结构、电子吸收光谱、电子圆二色谱、红外振动光谱和振动圆二色谱,计算值与实验值相符. 分子轨道和振动模式分析,两种新木质素具有相似的手性光谱. 电荷密度转移对电子圆二色谱具有主要贡献;而振动圆二色谱主要源于分子骨架运动.     

木榄醇手性光谱的密度泛函研究

手性光学理论研究有助于解释手性分子的旋光机理和设计新的手性药物.采用B3LYP方法,计算了木榄醇A—C的旋光度和圆二色谱.从分子结构、正则振动和电子结构方面,探索了分子手性微观起源,分析了旋光度和电子圆二色谱的溶剂效应.表明OH的引入可调节分子的手性,甲基和苯环加强了分子的手性.发生在手性骨架上的振动和电子跃迁,加强了分子的手性.溶剂效应减小旋光度、削弱电子圆二色谱. 关键词： 木榄醇 光学活性 密度泛函理论 圆二色谱     

天然Alboatisin电子结构和圆二色谱的密度泛函理论研究

采用蒙特卡罗MMFF94分子力学力场方法搜索一类新发现的生物活性分子Alboatisin A～C的稳定构象,用梯度校正的B3LYP方法,计算其稳定构象的旋光度、振动圆二色谱(VCD)、电子圆二色谱(ECD)等光学活性,并从微观的角度对VCD谱和ECD谱中强或弱的正或负康登效应进行归属．从分子结构、电子结构和分子振动分析了分子手性的微观起源．结果表明,计算与实验的旋光度值相吻合,OH的取代位置与数目可调控旋光度发生在手性骨架上的振动或电子跃迁转移是手性光谱产生的重要原因．Alboatisin的圆二色谱是手性骨架变形振动的光谱响应,是不对称电子跃迁的光谱响应结果．     

银杏内酯分子结构和光谱性质的理论研究

采用密度泛函理论方法详细考察四种银杏内酯分子(银杏内酯A、B、C和J)的结构和光谱性质.研究发现,改变银杏内酯上的取代基,银杏内酯分子骨架具有相对稳定的结构.基于优化得到的稳定结构,我们计算得到了四种银杏内酯分子的红外(Infrared,IR)光谱、拉曼(Raman)光谱和振动圆二色(Vibrational circular dichroism,VCD)光谱性质.我们发现,四种银杏内酯分子的IR光谱图在1100 cm-1有较明显的区别,这些振动峰主要是银杏内酯分子中C-O-C键的伸缩振动峰.在Raman光谱图中,波长在3600cm-1处为银杏内酯分子中羟基的伸缩振动,银杏内酯A、银杏内酯B、银杏内酯C分裂成了两个强度不等的振动峰,而银杏内酯J分子表现为一个宽的振动峰.在VCD光谱图中,我们发现四种银杏内酯分子在3800 cm-1附近有明显的区别.     

两种手性超分子螺旋链化合物的结构、VCD和荧光分析

采用非手性物质合成了配位聚合物[C10H18CuN2O9S]n（1）和[C10H14CdN2O7S]n（2）。通过元素分析,红外光谱（IR）,热稳定性分析,荧光光谱,X射线粉末衍射（XRD）,X射线单晶衍射对其进行了分析。结构分析表明,1和2分别属于手性空间群P 65和P 6122,均在c轴方向上通过氢键形成一维超分子螺旋链。振动圆二色谱（VCD）表明两种配位聚合物都非外消旋的,分析了螺旋结构对VCD光谱影响,并对2的VCD光谱进行了理论计算,计算结果与实验相符,表明化合物手性可能来自一维超分子螺旋链。二者的固体荧光光谱分析表明：1在468nm处的宽峰为金属与配体的相互作用引起的;2在325—450nm处荧光主要由配体产生,配体与Cd的配位作用形成的刚性平面增强了荧光的强度。     

哈尔满碱分子光谱的密度泛函理论研究

采用密度泛函理论(Density Functional Theory,DFT),在M062X/6-31g(d)水平上,对哈尔满碱分子结构进行结构优化,计算其振动频率,获得该分子的红外光谱,利用势能函数分布(Potential energy distribution,PED)结合VEDA4软件对哈尔满碱分子的红外光谱简正振动模式进行了指认.采用含时密度泛函理论(Time-dependent density functional theory,TDDFT)计算了该分子在不同溶剂条件下的吸收光谱和激发态.将理论计算的红外光谱和紫外光谱与实验值进行对比分析,对哈尔满碱分子的激发态进行了分析计算,讨论了哈尔满碱分子的前线分子轨道和分子静电势.为哈尔满碱分子的光谱检测技术及电子结构分析提供参考.     

~7Li_2~(0,±1)分子体系基态振-转能级的全电子计算

采用单参考与多参考耦合簇理论结合相关一致高斯基组计算研究了7~7Li_2~((0,±1))分子体系的电子基态的势能曲线,计算考虑了体系所有电子的关联效应与相对论效应,拟合得到了体系的光谱常数,并获得了电子基态的振动-转动能级信息.计算得到的中性与阳离子体系的光谱常数与实验值符合得很好;对于阴离子体系,平衡核间距的计算仍需进一步改进,其他光谱常数符合较好.计算结果表明,中性和阳离子体系基态波函数具有明显的单参考组态特点,而阴离子分子基态应采用多参考组态波函数描述.对于基态的振动-转动能级,与现有实验值符合得很好;尽管各种计算方法对阴离子基态的平衡核间距计算结果仍有差异,但振动能级间隔的结果相互符合得很好.本文的研究可为Li_2分子体系基态,尤其是光谱学信息很少的阴离子体系的电子结构与光谱的精确研究提供了有用的光谱信息.     

Advantages and Drawbacks of Quantum Mechanical Static and Dynamic Approaches to Modelling Infrared Spectra

利用超简谐振动近似的有效二阶微扰法(VPT2)和变异微扰法(VCI-P)两种静态方法,以及在300和600K下的密度泛函分子动态轨线振动分析方法进行量子力学的振动计算. 比较了这四种方法对于基频跃迁频率和对应的中红外光谱在相同的B3LYP/6-31+G(d,p)基组描述电子结构前提下所得到的计算结果. 总结了对于半刚性和柔性分子的主要结果,并且对这些计算方法的优缺点进行了比较.     

密度泛函理论研究具有手性侧链的卟啉液晶分子几何结构与电子光谱

采用量子化学密度泛函理论方法在B3LYP/6-31G水平上对具有手性侧链的卟啉液晶分子进行几何结构优化,在此基础上使用含时密度泛函理论方法计算了分子第一激发态的电子垂直跃迁能,得到最大吸收波长λmax.计算表明,手性侧链取代基对λmax的影响不大,Zn络合导致最大吸收波长兰移,与实验结果一致.     

L-苏氨酸卟啉锌配合物结构及ECD谱理论研究

采用密度泛函理论(DFT)方法和极化连续介质模型(PCM),在B3LYP和混合基组(C,H原子采用6-31G(d);Zn、N、O采用6-311++G(2d,p))水平对L-苏氨酸卟啉锌(L-Thr-TPPZnII)的基态几何构型进行了优化;以优化得到的稳定构型为基础,采用含时密度泛函理论(TD-DFT)方法,在相同基组水平进行了电子圆二色谱(ECD)研究,根据计算获得的电子跃迁吸收波长(λ)和电子旋转强度(R)拟合得到了ECD谱.除吸收峰位置有一定的蓝移外,计算获得的ECD谱带形与实验谱基本吻合.通过跃迁性质分析对实验光谱进行了理论解析.理论研究发现L-Thr-TPP ZnII的ECD谱吸收带主要来源于分子内的π→π*的荷移跃迁.353 nm处的负性Cotton效应具有明显的分子内电子转移特征,电子从卟啉环向氨基酸残基转移.     

单壁碳纳米管电子输运特性的稳定性分析

基于变形单壁碳纳米管能量色散关系,计算了碳纳米管最低导带的电子速度及有效质量随形变系数变化的各种曲线,以此推测碳纳米管输运性质的稳定性问题.计算结果表明：对于特定类型的碳纳米管,只当其形变发生在某特定方向、且处于低形变（形变系数ε≤002 ）区时,电子平均速度v_mean及平均有效质量m^*_mean随形变改变才会很小（相对改变量≤2%）,这意味着此时的碳纳米管低偏压电子输运性能是基本稳定的.而其他形变情形,电子平均速度v_mean或电子平均有效质量m^*_mean或两者随形变变化明显,甚至有跃变,这意味着其低偏压电子输运性能是不稳定的,甚至极不稳定. 关键词： 变形单壁碳纳米管 电子速度 电子有效质量 输运性能稳定性     

DNA分子链电子结构特性研究

在单电子紧束缚近似下，建立了一维无序二元DNA分子链模型，计算了链长为2×10⁴个碱基对的DNA分子链的电子态密度、局域化特性，并探讨了碱基对的不同组分、格点能量无序度对电子局域态的影响.结果表明：由于DNA分子链中格点能量无序及碱基对的不同组分的存在，其电子波函数呈现出局域化的特性，而局域长度作为衡量电子局域化程度的一个尺度，受碱基对的组分及格点能量无序度的影响. 关键词： DNA分子链 电子结构 电子局域态 局域长度     

Effect of the exchange potential and of the cut-off radii on the energy bands of α-quartz

Summary An analysis of the effect of different forms of the exchange potential and values of the cut-off radii in the mixed-basis calculation of the band structure of α-quartz is presented. An optimal choice is made and the corresponding bands are computed and discussed.

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Riassunto Si presenta un’analisi dell’effetto che diverse forme del potenziale di scambio e diversi valori dei raggi di cut-off hanno sulla struttura a bande del quarzo-α, calcolata col metodo della base mista. Si fa una scelta ottimale e le corrispondenti bande sono calcolate e discusse.

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Резюме Проводится анализ влияния различных форм обменного потенциала и величин радиуса обрезания на зонную структуру α-кварца. Предлагается оптимальный выбор и вычисляются соответсвующие зоны. Проводится обсуждение полученных результатов.

     

The effects of contact configurations on the rectification of dipyrimidinylben diphenyl diblock molecular junctions

The transport properties of a conjugated dipyrimidinyl-diphenyl diblock oligomer sandwiched between two gold electrodes, as recently reported by [Díez-Pérez et al. Nature Chem. 1 635 (2009)], are theoretically investigated using the fully self-consistent nonequilibrium Green's function method combined with density functional theory. Two kinds of symmetrical anchoring geometries are considered. Calculated current-voltage curves show that the contact structure has a strong effect on the rectification behaviour of the molecular diode. For the equilateral triangle configuration, pronounced rectification behaviour comparable to the experimental measurement is revealed, and the theoretical analysis indicates that the observed rectification characteristic results from the asymmetric shift of the perturbed molecular energy levels under bias voltage. While for the tetrahedron configuration, both rectification and negative differential conductivity behaviours are observed. The calculated results further prove the close dependence of the transporting characteristics of molecular junctions on contact configuration.     

Excitation of the Li isoelectronic sequence

Summary The inner-shell excitation 1s ²2s ² S ^e→1s2s ²² S ^e, which leads to autoionization (Auger transition), as well as the outer-shell excitation 1s ²2s ² S ^e→ 1s ²2p ² P ⁰ transitions have been investigated in Li, Be⁺, B²⁺ and C³⁺ ions of the lithium isoelectronic sequence employing the configuration interaction wave functions for both the initial and final states involved in the transition matrix element. Results are compared with other available theoretical predictions and experimental observations. Comparison shows that our present theoretical results are encouraging. A part of this work was done while the author was Research Director and Professor, CNRS Laboratory, University of Paris-Sud, Paris and Observatoire de Paris, Meudon, Paris, France.     

First-principle study of Mg adsorption on Si（111） surfaces

We have carried out first-principle calculations of Mg adsorption on Si(111) surfaces. Different adsorption sites and coverage effects have been considered. We found that the threefold hollow adsorption is energy-favoured in each coverage considered, while for the clean Si(111) surface of metallic feature, we found that 0.25 and 0.5 ML Mg adsorption leads to a semiconducting surface. The results for the electronic behaviour suggest a polarized covalent bonding between the Mg adatom and Si(111) surface.     

卷曲效应对单壁碳纳米管电子结构的影响

利用计入卷曲效应的单壁碳纳米管(SWCNT)的能量色散关系,计算最低导带的电子速度及有效质量,并与不计入卷曲效应的结果进行了比较.计算结果表明:卷曲效应对电子速度及有效质量的影响与SWCNT的类型密切相关,金属锯齿型SWCNT对卷曲效应最为敏感,其次是扶手椅型SWCNT,最不敏感的是半导体锯齿型SWCNT.由此可以推断,卷曲效应对金属锯齿型SWCNT电子结构及低偏压输运特性影响最大,其次是扶手椅型SWCNT,影响最不明显的是半导体锯齿型SWCNT.这些结果与实验测量及密度泛函理论计算结果完全一致. 关键词： 单壁碳纳米管 卷曲效应 电子速度 电子有效质量     

Computation of electronic structure and magnetic properties of strongly correlated materials with LDA+DMFT method

In this review, we describe general ideas of the LDA+DMFT method which merges dynamical mean-field theory (DMFT) and density functional theory (in particular the local density approximation (LDA)). Nowadays, the LDA+DMFT computational scheme is the most powerful numerical tool for studying physical properties of real materials and chemical compounds. It incorporates the advantage of DMFT to treat the full range of local dynamical Coulomb correlations and the ability of band methods to describe material-specific band dispersion caused by the lattice periodicity. We briefly discuss underlying physical ideas of LDA+DMFT and its mathematical implementation. Then different algorithms applied to solution of the DMFT impurity problem are briefly described. We then give examples of successful applications of the LDA+DMFT method to study spectral and magnetic properties of recently synthesized compounds like pnictide superconductors as well as classic charge-transfer systems NiO and MnO.     

Study of the valence bands of FePS3 and NiPS3 by resonant-photoemission spectroscopy

Summary We have investigated the valence bands of the tiophosphates FEPS₃ and NiPS₃ with the resonant-photoemission technique. Some structures of the energy distribution curves show rapid intensity changes when the photon energy is scanned across the Fe or Ni 3p absorption thresholds. Instead, other structures show smooth excitation spectra. We have related the former to the transition metal ion 3d states (direct photoemission and satellites) and the latter to the (P₂S₆)⁴⁻ states. These results support also a strongly ionic picture of these compounds.

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Riassunto Le bande di valenza dei tiofosfati FePS₃ e NiPS₃ sono state studiate utilizzando la tecnica della fotoemissione risonante. Brusche variazioni dell'intensità di alcune strutture degli spettri di distribuzione dell'energia dei fotoelettroni sono state osservate quando l'energia dei fotoni era variata intorno alle soglie di assorbimento 3p del Fe e del Ni. Invece altre strutture mostravano degli spettri di eccitazione lisci. Le prime sono state associate agli stati 3d del metallo di transizione (fotoemissione diretta e satelliti), le seconde agli stati dei gruppi (P₂S₆)⁴⁻. Infine, i risultati ottenuti confermano il modello fortemente ionico di questi composti.

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Резюме Мы исследовали валентные зоны тифосфатов FePS₃ и NiPS₃ с помощью техники резонансной фотоэмиссии. Некоторые структуры кривых энергетичеких распределений обнаруживают быстрые изменения интенсивности, когда энергия фотона проходит через пороги 3p поглощения Fe или Ni. Напротив, другие структуры обнаруживают плавные спектры возбуждения. Первые структуры связаны с переходом ионов металла в состоянии 3d (прямая фотоэмиссии и сателлиты), вторые структуры связаны с (P₂S₆)⁴⁻ состояниями. Полученные результаты подтверждают сильно ионную модель этих соединений.