基于偏振无关分束器的两光子部分纠缠态的简化浓缩方案

经由偏振无关的光学分束器实现对未知两光子部分纠缠态的纠缠浓缩,包括利用单光子探测器的线性光学浓缩方案,和利用弱交叉Kerr非线性媒质、零拍探测的浓缩方案。两对部分纠缠的光子对中各一个信号光子同时通过偏振无关分束器后,当探测到分束器输出模中各有一个光子时,剩余的两光子将处于最大纠缠态。与以前的浓缩方案相比较,我们的浓缩方案不需要额外的Hadmard门对信号光子施加作用,所需要的光学器件较少,这增加了方案在实验实现上的可行性。     

纠缠相干态的纠缠浓缩

利用线性光学元器件对光场量子态进行操纵,可以实现远程的量子纠缠调控和量子通讯.通过分析光学分束器对相干态光场的作用,发现当初始光场态是两个两部分纠缠态的直乘时,让其中的两模通过光学分束器作用后再对其进行光子计数,另外两模将会塌缩到新的纠缠态.基于这个特点,提出了一个实现部分纠缠相干态纠缠浓缩的方案.在这个方案中,两个部分纠缠相干态被用来作为量子信道,通过光学分束器作用后对光场进行光子数探测时,如果测量到光场的两模分别处于奇光子数态和零光子数态,则光场另外的两模将塌缩到最大纠缠态,从而完成纠缠浓缩的过程.计算结果表明,对于纠缠相干态,无论其初始的纠缠是多么微弱,利用这种方法总有一定的几率可以从中提纯出最大纠缠态.     

单光子纠缠态的纠缠浓缩(英文)

通过分析光学分束器对单光子态的作用特点,描述了一个利用单光子态和真空态制备纠缠单光子态的方法;提出了一个实现单光子纠缠态纠缠浓缩的方案。在这个方案中,两个单光子部分纠缠态被用来作为量子信道,通过利用光学分束器作用和单光子探测器探测完成了这个纠缠浓缩的过程。结果表明,对于单光子纠缠态,利用这种方法总有一定的几率可以从部分纠缠纯态中提纯出最大纠缠态。     

纠缠相干态的纠缠浓缩

利用线性光学元器件对光场量子态进行操纵,可以实现远程的量子纠缠调控和量子通讯.通过分析光学分束器对相干态光场的作用,发现当初始光场态是两个两部分纠缠态的直乘时,让其中的两模通过光学分束器作用后再对其进行光子计数,另外两模将会塌缩到新的纠缠态.基于这个特点,提出了一个实现部分纠缠相干态纠缠浓缩的方案.在这个方案中,两个部...     

基于交叉相位调制制备四光子偏振纠缠态及其在隐形传态上的运用

利用克尔介质、偏振分束器、半波片和对强相干探测场的零拍探测,呈现了一个关于制备四光子偏振Diche态、GHZ态和W态的方案,当前量子光学实验技术条件均能有效满足该方案的要求.强的探测模相继和多个信号模光子相互作用,每次对于探测模而言,都会产生一个相位旋转.接下来,对探测模利用零拍探测,信号模可以投影得到想要的光子偏振纠缠态.此外,为了展现所制备的纠缠态作为重要的量子信息资源的价值,基于交叉相位调制进一步提出了一个隐形传送三光子偏振纠缠态的实验方案.     

基于交叉相位调制制备四光子偏振纠缠态及其在隐形传态上的运用

利用克尔介质、偏振分束器、半波片和对强相干探测场的零拍探测,呈现了一个关于制备四光子偏振Diche态、GHZ态和W态的方案,当前量子光学实验技术条件均能有效满足该方案的要求.强的探测模相继和多个信号模光子相互作用,每次对于探测模而言,都会产生一个相位旋转.接下来,对探测模利用零拍探测,信号模可以投影得到想要的光子偏振纠缠态.此外,为了展现所制备的纠缠态作为重要的量子信息资源的价值,基于交叉相位调制进一步提出了一个隐形传送三光子偏振纠缠态的实验方案.     

单光子纠缠态的纠缠转移和量子隐形传态

使用光学分束器和单光子源,利用单光子态和真空态制备出了纠缠单光子态.利用光学分束器作用和单光子探测,实现了三个通讯伙伴之间的纠缠转移.提出了一个关于纠缠单光子态的量子隐形传态方案.在这个方案中,被传送的是一个未知的单光子纠缠态.通讯双方使用的量子信道是两个单光子纠缠态.通过使用分束器作用和对输出态进行光子测量以及在经典信息的帮助下,纠缠转移和量子隐形传态的过程被完成.     

基于自发参量下转换源二阶激发过程产生四光子超纠缠态

目前,多光子纠缠态的制备大多通过线性光学器件演化自发参量下转换一阶激发过程产生的纠缠光子对得到.本文考虑由自发参量下转换源二阶激发产生四个不可区分的纠缠光子制备四光子超纠缠态的情况.通过几组分束器、半波片和偏振分束器等线性光学器件设计量子线路演化四光子系统,结合四模符合探测,可得到同时具有偏振纠缠和空间纠缠的四光子超纠缠态.     

单光子纠缠态并发度的直接测量

通过分析光学分束器对单光子态的作用关系,提出了一个利用分束器和光子数探测器的单光子纠缠的直接测量方案.方案中用到单光子与空间模纠缠及其两个备份,并让它们通过一个50:50的分束器.选用并发度为纠缠度量,其可由单光子探测器的探测概率直接获得.此方案不需复杂的量子态层析方法,同时只用到在量子信息处理中常用的光学器件,增强了方案在实验上实现的可行性.     

纠缠压缩真空态的纠缠转移

通过分析光学分束器对压缩真空态光场的作用,发现如果分束器的输入光是两束具有同样振幅和相位的单模压缩真空态光场,则输出光为双模压缩真空态光场;若分束器的输入光是两束具有同样振幅但有π相位差的单模压缩真空态光场,则输出光仍为两束单模压缩真空态光场.对于双模压缩真空态光场,每个模中容纳的光子数可以是基数或偶数.而对于单模压缩真空态光场,每个模中只能包含偶数个光子.根据这些结果,提出了一个纠缠转移的方案.在这个方案中,两个纠缠压缩真空态光场被用作量子信道,通过利用光学分束器作用和光子数探测的方法,并在经典通讯的帮助下,实现了三个通讯伙伴之间的纠缠转移.     

Hybrid Wavelength and Code Division Multiple Access in Optical Networks

A review of schemes for multiple access in fiber optic networks shows that a hybrid of wavelength and code division multiple access (WCDMA) combines the best features of both. In particular, the hybrid scheme retains the large information carrying capacity of wavelength division multiple access (WDMA) and flexibility of code division multiple access (CDMA). In this paper WDMA, optical CDMA (OCDMA), and WCDMA networks are discussed. In OCDMA networks, concept of incoherent and coherent coding including inverse decoding and matched filter is introduced. The delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks, under the simple suboptimum access protocols based on cyclic search, is computed. It has been shown quantitatively that tuning delay significantly affects the delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks. Futhermore, delay performance of WCDMA networks is always better than the WDMA networks for the same tuning delay, load, and number of users.     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Research on beamforming method for dual-line array with space mismatch between the two line arrays

The performance of port/starboard discrimination of dual-line array will be seriously degraded when the space between the two line arrays of the dual-line array is mismatched. The directivity function of the delay-sum and delay-subtract beamforming is deduced and the port/starboard discrimination of the delay-sum and delay-subtract beamforming is also studied both under the ideal status and the status under which the space between the two line arrays of the dual-line array is mismatched. Analysis results show the delay-subtract beamforming has better performance of port/starboard discrimination. At last, the sea trial results demonstrate the theoretical results.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Retrieval of ultraviolet skylight radiances and O3 slant column densities from balloon-borne limb spectrometer

With a novel light-weight and absolutely calibrated ultraviolet （UV） spectrometer, UV skylight radiances and O3 slant column densities are measured by balloon-borne limb measurements in Xinjiang area, China. UV skylight radiances measured at the height of 31 km are compared with the results from Modtran in the wavelength range from 290 to 420 nm. O3 slant column densities are derived from radiance spectra in the Huggins bands （320 - 335 nm） using differential optical absorption spectroscopy method. And the parameter exhibits a good correlation with the same value simulated by radiative transfer model （Tracy）. The O3 profile simultaneously measured by an O3 sonde is used as input in Tracy calculations. The O3 sonde is launched on the same balloon.