Diffraction of Light Beams at Parametric Interaction in Nonlinear Photonic Crystals

We consider the parametric amplification of a light beam in nonlinear photonic crystals (NLPCs) under a high-frequency pump and periodic spatial modulation of the coefficient of nonlinear coupling of the waves. We study the behavior of the intensity of the amplified diffracting beam using the matrix approach. We compare our results with the parametric interaction of beams in homogeneous nonlinear optical crystals. We show that the analysis of diffraction effects at nonlinear optical interaction in NLPCs, taking into account only noncompensated quasi-phase mismatching, is incorrect.     

The Bragg Diffraction of Light at Acoustophotorefractive Holographic Gratings in Gyrotropic Cubic Crystals

We investigate diffraction of light at phase holographic-type gratings recorded by a piezoactive ultrasonic wave in gyrotropic cubic photorefractive crystals. We show that the efficiency of diffraction at a holographic grating can be increased substantially by applying a d.c. field to a crystal under the conditions of a longitudinal electrooptical effect; elliptical polarization of diffracted light is determined by electrically induced anisotropy of a crystal in the piezofield of a photorefractive grating, by the external electric field, detuning of phase synchronism, gyrotropy of the crystal, ultrasound frequency, and the time of recombination of charge carriers.     

Optical Anisotropy of Biaxial Magnetic Crystals

The two–dimensional orthogonal representation of electromagnetic waves in crystals is developed. Simple expressions determining the directions of optical axes and dependence of group and phase velocities and polarization vectors on the direction, in the general case, of triclinic crystals of magnetic dielectrics are obtained. A solution of the Maxwell equations in the form of two isonormal harmonic waves is found to be directly related to the exponential, two–dimensional spinor, and three–dimensional tensor representations.     

Radiation Induced Optical Absorption of Cubic Lead Fluoride Crystals and the Effect of Annealing

Transparent and colorless lead fluoride crystals with sizes of 20 × 20 × 20 （ram3） are irradiated with several doses of γ-rays from a ^60Co source. Their transmittance spectra before and after irradiation are measured, and a new parameter ΔT = Tb - Ta is defined to evaluate the irradiation damage. Three optical absorption bands peaking at 27Onto, 37Onto and 50Onto are found in the plots of AT versus wavelength, and their intensities increase with the irradiation dose. These optical absorption bands, except the one at 27Onto, can recover spontaneously with time. Thermal annealing treatment can enhance this recovery of the transmittance, while the optimum annealing temperature for different samples depends on the irradiation dose.     

一维各向异性光子晶体的带隙结构和传输特性

研究了由两种不同的各向异性材料交替排列而构成的一维人工周期结构材料的带隙结构和传输特性.各向异性和复式结构导致了x偏振和y偏振有不同的带隙结构、透射率和态密度等.研究发现，当两种材料的各向异性常量、厚度满足一定条件时，能带结构中会出现缺隙现象.     

一维电介质-金属光子晶体的光学特性研究

利用传输矩阵方法,研究了一维电介质-金属光子晶体的光学特性,该光子晶体通过在Si/SiO₂组成的电介质型光子晶体中插入一定厚度Al层形成。计算结果表明,金属层的引入可以有效提高反射效率,[Si(46 nm)/SiO₂(60 nm)/Al(10 nm)/SiO₂(60 nm)]5结构的单位周期传输衰减从[Si(46 nm)/SiO₂(120 nm)]5的7.2 dB增大到了20 dB;可以得到更宽频率范围的全方向反射带隙,例如[Si(46 nm)/SiO₂(60 nm)/Al(30 nm)/SiO₂(60 nm)]5结构即可提供550 nm带宽的全方向反射;同时讨论了金属吸收、金属层厚度及插入位置对其光学特性的影响。这种电介质-金属光子晶体有望作为性能优异的光学反射镜得到应用。     

Effective Light Dynamics in Perturbed Photonic Crystals

In this work, we rigorously derive effective dynamics for light from within a limited frequency range propagating in a photonic crystal that is modulated on the macroscopic level; the perturbation parameter \({\lambda \ll 1}\) quantifies the separation of spatial scales.We do that by rewriting the dynamical Maxwell equations as a Schrödinger-type equation and adapting space-adiabatic perturbation theory. Just like in the case of the Bloch electron, we obtain a simpler, effective Maxwell operator for states from within a relevant almost invariant subspace. A correct physical interpretation for the effective dynamics requires establishing two additional facts about the almost invariant subspace: (1) The source-free condition has to be verified and (2) it has to support real states. The second point also forces one to consider a multiband problem even in the simplest possible setting; This turns out to be a major difficulty for the extension of semiclassical methods to the domain of photonic crystals.     

介质球掺杂导致的无序效应对光子晶体光学性能的影响

采用自组装法制备了聚苯乙烯(PS)微球三维光子晶体结构,通过在PS微球悬浮液中掺入不同浓度的二氧化硅大球,实现了光子晶体结构从有序向无序过程的转变。通过对这些样品的透射、反射进行测量和分析,发现无序效应对光子晶体的光子响应特性具有极大的影响,随着无序程度的增加,高频波段的透射率急剧下降,低频波段的法布里-珀罗振荡消失,光子带隙蓝移且逐渐消失;而在掺杂浓度为0.02%(质量分数)时,光子晶体带隙中心的最低透射率从10%下降到1%,且反射单峰随着探测角度的增大而分裂为双峰。这有助于基于介质球三维光子晶体沿Γ-L方向透射消光,促进其在新型光学器件领域的应用发展。     

Energy Squeeze of Ultrashort Light Pulse by Kerr Nonlinear Photonic Crystals

Self-phase modulation can efficiently shape the spectrum of an optical pulse propagating along an optical material with Kerr nonlinearity. In this work we show that a one-dimensional Kerr nonlinear photonic crystal can impose anomalous spectrum modulation to a high-power ultrashort light pulse. The spectrum component at the photonic band gap edge can be one order of magnitude enhanced in addition to the ordinary spectrum broadening due to self-phase modulation. The enhancement is strictly pinned at the band gap edge by changing the sample length, the intensity or central wavelength of the incident pulse. The phenomenon is attributed to band gap induced enhancement of light-matter interaction.     

In-Situ Characterization of Three-Dimensional Optical Matters by Light Diffraction

Three-dimensional optical matters are created by combining the single beam optical trapping with the conventional Z-scan technique. Dynamic light diffraction is employed to evaluate the structure and quality of the optical matter formed at the optimum trapping power. The lattice constant of the optical matter is extracted based on the Bragg and Snell laws, showing that polystyrene spheres are nearly close-packed in the optical matter, confirmed by comparing the diffraction pattern of the optical matter with that of a colloidal photonic crystal fabricated by the self-assembled technique. The relatively broad diffraction peaks observed in the optical matter indicate that the density of disorders in it is higher than that in the photonic crystal. It is suggested that the optical matter possesses a random close-packed structure rather than a face centered cubic one.Three-dimensional optical matters are created by combining the single beam optical trapping with the conven- tional Z-scan technique. Dynamic light diffraction is employed to evaluate the structure and quality of the optical matter formed at the optimum trapping power. The lattice constant of the optical matter is extracted based on the Bragg and Snell laws, showing that polystyrene spheres are nearly close-packed in the optical matter, confirmed by comparing the diffraction pattern of the optical matter with that of a colloidal photonic crystal fabricated by the self-assembled technique. The relatively broad diffraction peaks observed in the optical matter indicate that the density of disorders in it is higher than that in the photonic crystal. It is suggested that the optical matter possesses a random close-packed structure rather than a face centered cubic one.     

Compton散射对非均匀等离子体光子晶体光子带隙的影响

应用多光子非线性Compton散射模型和时域有限差分法,对多光子非线性Compton散射对非均匀等离子体光子晶体光子带隙特性的影响进行了研究,提出将入射和散射光作为形成光子带隙的新机制,对电磁波方程进行了修正.结果表明:与Compton散射前相比,散射使电磁波幅值衰减更快;随等离子体密度增加,透射谱禁带宽度几乎无变化,...     

Compton散射对非均匀等离子体光子晶体光子带隙的影响

应用多光子非线性Compton散射模型和时域有限差分法,对多光子非线性Compton散射对非均匀等离子体光子晶体光子带隙特性的影响进行了研究,提出将入射和散射光作为形成光子带隙的新机制,对电磁波方程进行了修正.结果表明:与Compton散射前相比,散射使电磁波幅值衰减更快|随等离子体密度增加,透射谱禁带宽度几乎无变化,其中心频率向高频方向有明显移动,向上的峰值有较大增加,反射谱向下的峰值有明显减小|随温度增加,透射谱禁带宽明显减小,向上的峰值略有减小,透射能量有所降低|随两种介质介电系数比增加,光子禁带数增加,且带隙间距显著减小.     

Optical Exciton Molecules in Three-Dimensional Kerr-Nonlinear Photonic Crystals

Three-dimensional Kerr-nonlinear photonic crystals support a new kind of quantum gap solitons. Such 3D-quantum gap solitons are described by an approximate Bethe-ansatz solution of the quantized nodinear-field Hamiltonian under the effective mass approximation. Their main manifestations are predicted: (i) a series of discrete transmission peaks in the band gap, which progresses linearly with the diphoton number; (ii) Bessel-function dependence of the intensity correlation function on the detector separation.     

Photonic Crystals Based on Media with Arbitrary Anisotropy of Permittivity and Permeability

Technical Physics - A general approach to analyzing eigenmodes in anisotropic and gyrotropic 3D photonic crystals based on dielectric and magnetic media is proposed. This approach is based on the...     

一维铁磁材料光子晶体的光学传输特性

利用光学传输矩阵方法,模拟计算了由铁磁材料组成的一维光子晶体的光学传输特性.研究了能带结构随介质层厚度h(O ≤h≤0.5λ0 λ0=1.2×10-6m)变化的规律,并与相同周期结构的普通光子晶体的传输特性进行了比较.结果表明,当O.15λ0＜h＜0.165λ0时,铁磁光子晶体的带隙宽度略小于普通光子晶体的带隙宽度;在h取其他值时铁磁光子晶体的带隙宽度远远大于普通光子晶体的带隙宽度,并且在h=0.25λ0时存在最大值.这种结构的光子晶体通过掺杂有望在多通窄带滤波技术中得到广泛的应用.     

静磁表面波对高斯光脉冲的衍射特性研究

研究了磁光薄膜波导中线性啁啾高斯光脉冲与单频连续静磁波共线作用,给出了水平磁化时基于静磁表面波的磁光耦合方程.分别采用解析法和数值法计算了1310 nm和1550 nm两种光波长入射时衍射光的压缩特性,两种求解方法得到的结果一致.计算表明,衍射光脉冲的半峰全宽(FWHM)随相位失配因子的频率变化率和啁啾系数的增大而减小;在给定的计算参数下,与1310 nm波长对应的衍射光脉冲具有较大的峰值强度,但1550 nm波长输入时可以获得更窄的衍射光脉冲,因而1550 nm光脉冲更适于作为磁光脉冲压缩的脉冲源.文章还分析了磁损耗对衍射光脉冲的光强和输出脉宽的影响,对于普通的磁光薄膜,损耗基本上不影响光脉冲压缩效果.     

Evolution of Optical Diffraction Patterns on Disordered Woodpile Photonic Structures

Using three-dimensional direct laser writing, ordered and disordered photonic woodpile structures have been produced. An ideal woodpile is formed by layers of parallel “logs” turned through 90° with respect to logs of the previous layer. The disorder was specified by a random deviation in the angle with respect to their parallel arrangement in each layer of the woodpile. The quality of samples was tested by scanning electron microscopy. The optical diffraction patterns were studied experimentally on microsamples with different degrees of disorder and structure periods. With an increase in the degree of the disorder, the diffraction patterns changed qualitatively with the preservation of the zero diffraction order and formation of a speckle field pattern by higher diffraction orders.

     

Stopping and Manipulating Ultrashort Light Pulses with Nonlinear Photonic Crystals

It is shown that ultrashort light pulses can be decelerated, stopped or re-accelerated in a nonlinear photonic crystal through the excitation of gap soliton. The mechanism responsible for light pulse manipulation is presented. The application of the stopped light field to enhance nonlinear frequency conversion is discussed.     

Polarization-Independent Ultrasonic Modulation of Light in Gyrotropic Cubic Bismuth Germanate Crystals

An intermediate regime of light diffraction by ultrasound propagating along the [001] and [110] axes of a gyrotropic cubic bismuth germanate crystal is investigated. The possibility of polarization-independent light modulation in the intermediate regime of diffraction close to the Bragg regime is shown. The dependences of the diffraction efficiency on the incident light polarization azimuth at different ultrasonic wave intensities are given.     

Two-Photon Induced Anisotropy of Azobenzene Polymer Liquid Crystals Excited by a 532nm Laser

Polymer liquid crystals (PLC) with azobenzene moieties are promising materials for optical switching and image storage because the orientation of mesogens in thin films of this material may be modified by light.