The oxidation of glycolaldehyde with hexaquomanganese(III) ions in a noncomplexing perchloric acid medium was studied. The optimum conditions have been found for analytical use of the reaction. The recommended procedure is based on the oxidation of the test substance with the oxidant in the absence of atmospheric oxygen and back-titration of the unconsumed reagent with ferrous sulfate.
2. Accuracy and Reproducibility of the Determination of Glycolaldehyde with Hexaquomanganese(III) Ions in a Noncomplexing Perchloric Acid Medium
Nitron and tetraphenylarsonium chloride react with a cobaltous salt in the presence of thiocyanate to form blue ion-association complexes, which can be extracted with organic solvents. This fact has been made the basis for the analysis of mixtures of nitrate and perchlorate by difference spectrophotometry. An aliquot of the sample solution is treated with a known excess of tetraphenylarsonium chloride to precipitate perchlorate only. After separating off the precipitate, the excess of reagent is determined in the supernatant liquid as tetraphenylarsonium cobaltothiocyanate and the perchlorate content can be found from a calibration curve. Another aliquot is treated with an excess of nitron to precipitate both anions; the excess of nitron is then determined as nitron
Conditions were found under which manganese(III) acetate can be electrochemically generated at a platinum anode with 100% current efficiency. It was found that even traces of
5. Time Dependence of the Consumption of the Oxidizing Reagent in the Indirect Determination of Hydroquinone with Coulometric Generated Manganese(III) Acetate
Cobalt ions in aqueous thiocyanate solution react with Aliquat-336-xylene solution to form anion-association complex which is easily extracted into the organic phase. A typical extraction procedure involves extracting a solution which is 10 ppm in cobalt and 0.06 M,
5. Stripping of Cobalt from 2% Aliquat-336-Xylene Solutions
Rotational spectra have been assigned for four isotopic species of the linear HCN dimer in the vibrational ground state. The spectroscopic constants are
In summary, this report describes the conditions under which luminol has been utilized to measure phagocytosis-associated metabolic events in activated human PMNs and rabbit and dog alveolar macrophages. We feel that this system may have wide applicability to both clinical and experimental situations. Some possible applications are shown in the following table.
Potential Applications of Luminol-Amplified Chemiluminescence
Cell type
Applications
Human polymorphonuclear leukocytes
(1) Detection of bactericidal defects, particularly chronic granulomatous disease
(2) Detection of host opsonic defects (both immunoglobulin and complement ?C3b opsonic defects).
(3) Analysis of drug effects on host cellular and opsonic defenses (9,11).
(4) Characterization of bacteria or other particulate matter in terms of ability to generate opsonic activity and/or be ingested by phagocytic cells (3,7).
Alveolar macrophages
(1) Detection of environmental pollutant effects on respiratory defense mechanisms (against both particulate and soluble matter).
(2) Analysis of drug effects on respiratory defense mechanisms, particularly drugs administered in the treatment of respiratory diseases.
A kinetic method is described for the determination of trace amounts of magnesium in the presence of calcium. The procedure is based on the inhibition of the manganese(II) catalyzed aerial oxidation of 1,4-dihydroxyphthalimide dithiosemicarbazone reaction by
Average of three separate determinations. traces of magnesium(II). The reaction is followed spectrophotometrically by measuring the rate of change in absorbance at 594 nm. The calibration graph (percentage inhibition vs magnesium concentration) is linear in the range 329–535 · 10?5M with an accuracy and precision of 1.2%. The method has been applied to the determination of magnesium in natural waters at low concentrations.
With the help of the Chcvcnard thcrmobalancc the authors have determined the minimum temperatures necessary for quantitatively converting the derivatives of gallium into oxide Ga203.
Electrical conduction (dc) studies are made with pure and cobalt(II)-doped single crystals of NH4H2PO4 and KH2PO4. The effect of the dopant concentration on the enthalpy for the migration of protons and the enthalpy for the rotation of the H2PO4 group have been studied. It is suggested that proton migration occurs through a synchronous phosphate rotation mechanism. Tritium diffusion studies in KDP and 32PO4 diffusion in ADP crystals have been made. The mechanisms for the conduction and diffusion processes are found to be different in nature. The distribution coefficients of Co(II) dopant in ADP (2.92 × 10?3) and KDP (1.14 × 10?3) are calculated. The following enthalpy values are obtained.
A polarographic method for the determination of antimony in lead-antimony alloys has been developed. It was found that the interference due to the presence of varying concentrations of lead and hydrochloric acid would be eliminated by the addition of potassium chloride.
t001. The method gave satisfactory results within the range:
Cadmium ions react with the collector, ethylhexadecyldimethylammonium bromide (EHDABr), to form a surface-active sublate which can be removed from aqueous bromide
a. Effect of Foreign Metal Ions on the Flotation of Cadmiuma
Foreign ion
Foreign ion concentration (M) (×10?5)
Foreign ion removed (%)
Cadmium removed (%)
None
99.21
Zn2+
6.11
0.06
98.41
Cu2+
6.29
3.64
97.80
Pb2+
3.86
4.80
91.78
Cr6+
7.69
30.75
99.07 solutions by ion flotation. A typical ion flotation procedure involves passing air through a 250-ml solution containing 5 ppm Cd2+, 0.05 M Br?1, and 1.7 × l0?3M EHDABr at a flow rate of 40 ml/min for 1 hr. The procedure was simple and efficient. Chromium, copper, and zinc ions do not interfere under the experimental conditions.
a
Cd2+, 4.46 × 10?5M; EHDABr, 4.25 × 10?4; Br?, 5 × 10?2M; flow rate, 40 ml/min; time, 60 min.
The hydrogen-bonded heterodimer formed between oxetane and hydrogen fluoride is identified and characterised by means of its IR and microwave spectra. The following rotational constants (MHz) and centrifugal distortion constants (kHz) have been derived:
The authors discuss several aspects of the chemistry of indium, giving evidence for a hydrate 2ln2O3.H2O and studying in detail the behaviour of indium sulphide heated in air. Compared with that of gallium, the oxinate is particularly stable.Compounds used for the gravimetric determination of indium should be heated to the following temperatures in order to give correct results:
The Coulometrics Inc. CO2 coulometer has been shown to be an accurate and reliable CO2 measuring device. The coulometric efficiency is essentially 100%. This means that the method can be considered as a standard reference method for CO2. As with a CO2 absorption tube, certain potential interferences must be considered, however, the removal of these interferences is well documented in the literature.The CO2 coulometer has found a variety of applications in the author's
3. effect of flow rate on absorption of CO2 by coulometer
The ground-state rotational spectra of four isotopic species of the carbonyl sulphide—hydrogen cyanide dimer have been observed and measured by using pulsed-nozzle, Fourier-transform microwave spectroscopy. The spectroscopic constants B0, DJ and χ(14N) have been determined as follows.
A sensitive spectrofluorimetric procedure with rhodamine B in the presence of aluminum chloride is given for determining submicrogram and microgram quantities of thallium in silicate rocks. Samples are decomposed with a mixture of hydrofluoric and nitric acids and then treated with hydrochloric acid. Thallium is extracted as its dithizonate with chloroform from an alkaline medium containing ascorbate, citrate, and cyanide and then back-extracted with dilute nitric acid. After destruction of the organic matter and treatment with bromine, hydrochloric acid, aluminum chloride, and rhodamine B, the
T001. Determination of thallium in U.S. Geological Survey standard rocks by different laboratories
Average value given by Flanagan. fluorescence intensity of the benzene-extracted rhodamine B chlorothallate is measured. The limit of determination is approximately 0.01 p.p.m. for a 1.0-g sample. The thallium contents of U.S. Geological Survey standard rocks G-1 and W-1 were found to be 1.09 ± 0.01 and 0.110 ± 0.005 p.p.m., respectively.
A direct amperometric titration of copper is described; o-(p-tolylsulfonamido) aniline serves as titrant. The optimum conditions are discussed and the method is applied to the analysis of copper in brass alloys.
t001. IV. Analysis of various samples in which copper was determined (Values given as percentages)
A potentiometric method is described for the determination of thiosemicarbazones involving the formation of a complex with Ag(I). This method is proposed for thiosemicarbazones of the following carbonyl compounds: salicylaldehyde, p-hydroxybenzaldehyde, benzaldehyde, picolinaldehyde, 6-methylpicolinaldehyde and p-dimethylaminebenzaldehyde. Stability constants of the complexes are determined by Ringbom and Harju's method. FIG. 2. Variation of pAg + logαPAT (H) + log ([Ag?PAT)]/[PAT])
2. Formation Constants of the Silver-Thiosemicarbazonates