转子系统随机支撑刚度参数的识别

基于Riccati摄动随机传递矩阵方法建立的转子系统特征值与随机参数变量间的函数关系,给出了转子系统随机参数的识别方法和详细步骤,可用于识别随机参数的均值和方差。以改装的Bently实验转子为研究对象,通过大量测试,识别出了转子系统的随机支撑刚度参数,建立了该转子系统的随机参数动力学模型。该模型可用于研究转子系统的随机参数动力学问题。     

天线座驱动系统刚柔耦合动力学分析

为了分析天线座驱动系统的动力学特性,建立了一种新的多级齿轮传动系统动力学模型------刚柔耦合模型,不仅考虑了轴的变形、轴承的支撑作用,而且采用了先进的轮齿接触模型,克服了采用多体动力学方法研究齿轮系统动力学时存在的诸如忽略轴承的支撑作用、轴的变形等缺陷. 动力学分析的计算结果和理论分析结果相一致,较准确地反映了该系统的齿轮动力特性,对工程设计及性能校核具有指导意义.     

非光滑多体系统动力学数值算法的研究进展

非光滑多体系统动力学数值计算方法是多体系统动力学研究的重要内容之一. 本文介绍了近年来含摩擦与碰撞的非光滑多体系统动力学数值算法方面的研究进展. 首先, 讨论了库仑摩擦模型和修正的库仑摩擦模型, 以及具有单边和双边约束的多体系统中法向约束力的特点. 其次, 回顾了基于连续模型和非连续模型的多体系统动力学方程的数值计算方法, 详细介绍了基于互补概念的非光滑多体系统动力学的事件驱动法和时间步进法, 分析比较了相关的数值算法. 最后, 指出了一些需要进一步研究的问题.     

振动系统动力学设计迭代算法及解的存在性讨论

振动系统动力学设计被抽象为高维广义非线性特征值反问题。若系统构成以可变参数表示，则可构造一个非线性多元函数。基于多元函数极小原理，提出了一套求解这一特征值反问题的迭代算法。该算法不受系统给定阶数和给定方向的限制，也适用于具有重特征值的退化情况，系统或结构的构成材料可以是任意的。文中同时讨论了解的存在条件，且以显式表达，可方便地应用于工程实际。结合某直升机旋翼桨叶的动力学设计，给出了应用的数值算例。大量数值仿真结果及应用实践表明，本文算法具很好的收敛性，并有较高的计算精度。     

多体系统动力学方程符号推导

符号演算又名计算机代数,是近二十年来蓬勃发展的计算机科学。用符号演算导出复杂的多体系统动力学非线性微分方程组,可以提高计算效率,计算精度,减轻人的劳动並为设计方案的选择提供快速分析的依据。本文介绍用FORTRAN-77在VAX/11—780上符号推导以6自由度机器人为例的多体系统动力学方程。文中方法可应用于航天器、机构等动力学方程推导。     

柔性对多体系统中铰接副磨损的影响

通过集成柔性多体动力学与磨损计算程序,提出了一种用于对柔性多体系统中间隙铰接副部位的磨损进行了预测的方法.基于绝对节点坐标方法(ANCF)建立了柔性部件的多体动力学模型,引入Lankanrani和Nikravesh提出的连续接触力模型计算间隙铰接副部分的法向接触力,采用Lu Gre摩擦模型计算切向摩擦力,并利用基于Archard模型的迭代计算程序计算磨损.为了提高计算效率,引入了并行计算策略.最后,通过对一个含柔性连杆的曲柄滑块机构机构进行仿真计算,发现当考虑部件的柔性时,得到的间隙处的冲击力会大幅降低,预测的磨损量也随之降低,并且随着机构柔性的增强,这种效果更为明显.     

多体系统摩擦接触问题的DAE-LCP方法

当多体系统的约束全部是摩擦接触时, 其动力学问题可归结为一个常微分方程(ordinarydifferential equation, ODE)与线性互补问题(linear complementarityproblem, LCP)的混合动力学问题. 如果除了摩擦接触之外还增加了光滑的双边约束, 则需要将ODE-LCP混合动力学模型推广为微分代数方程(differential algebra equation, DAE)与LCP的混合动力学模型. 该文采用DAE与LCP混合动力学方法求解不考虑碰撞但同时含有持续摩擦接触及光滑等式约束的多体系统动力学问题. 在建立系统动力学模型时,首先将含摩擦的约束从系统中移去得到基本动力学系统. 由于基本系统中带有等式约束, 所以基本系统的动力学方程为一组DAE. 结合基本系统的DAE与约束的互补条件便可以得到DAE-LCP混合动力学模型. 数值计算采用基于DAE与LCP的步进(time-stepping)算法, 将系统动力学方程及其约束离散化并转化为一个混合LCP进行求解. 该算法无需进行滞-滑状态检测, 避免了事件检测导致的繁复计算. 利用所提方法对典型机构的非光滑非线性特征进行了数值分析,验证了该文方法的正确有效性.      

非线性系统周期强迫不平衡响应的稳定性分析

多自由度强非线性系统是工程实际中经常遇见的一类模型,利用非线性动力学分析中的打靶法求解该类系统的周期解,并对Flopuet主导特征值判断周期解的失稳方式,利用该方法对旋转机械中的一个具体模型;双盘县臂柔性转子-非同心型挤压油膜阻尼器（SFD）系统周期强迫不平衡响应的稳定性和分岔行为进行了分析,分析表明,在该系统中存在着第二Hopf分岔、倍周期分岔、鞍-结分岔三种分岔形式。     

多体系统接触碰撞问题的牛顿-欧拉线性互补方法

基于非光滑动力学方法的多体系统接触碰撞分析是目前多体系统动力学的研究热点.本文采用牛顿-欧拉方法建立多体系统接触、碰撞问题的动力学模型,给出一种牛顿-欧拉型线性互补公式.该建模方法与目前一般采用的拉格朗日建模方法的不同之处是约束条件中除了库仑摩擦、单边约束之外还含有光滑等式约束.在建立系统动力学模型时,首先解除摩擦约束和单边约束得到原系统对应的基本系统.牛顿-欧拉方法采用最大数目坐标建立基本系统的动力学方程,由于坐标不相互独立,因此基本系统中带有等式约束,其数学模型为一组微分代数方程.借助约束雅可比矩阵,在基本系统微分代数方程中添加摩擦接触和单边约束对应的拉氏乘子,就可以得到系统全局运动的具有变拓扑结构特征的动力学方程,再结合非光滑约束互补条件便可构成完备的系统动力学模型.完备的动力学模型由动力学微分方程以及等式约束和不等式约束组成.线性互补公式采用分块矩阵形式进行推导,简化了推导过程.数值计算采用基于线性互补的时间步进算法.时间步进算法是目前流行的非光滑数值算法,其突出特点是可以免去数值积分中繁琐的事件检测过程,而数值积分过程中通过对线性互补问题的求解可以确定系统的触-离状态.通过对典型的曲柄滑块间隙机构进行数值分析,验证本文方法的有效性.     

动态系统的模型简化方法

本文综述了大系统理论和计算结构动力学中关于动态系统模型简化的方法．分析了它们之间的联系．并对闭环控制系统的模型降维方法及其在动力结构主动控制中的应用提出了一些看法．      

确定大跨径悬索桥主缆成桥线形的虚拟梁法

精确计算悬索桥主缆索形是悬索桥设计和实现施工开环控制的关键。本文通过柔计算的虚拟梁法,导出了确定大跨径悬索桥主缆成桥线形的非线性方程组,建立了索型迭代的计算流程。     

斜拉桥索力优化及其工程应用

本文首先介绍斜拉桥索力优化的概念，然后通过广义影响矩阵，介绍了一种实用的斜拉桥索力优化的影响矩阵法，这种方法既可用于确定成桥合理状态的索力，也可用于施工阶段的索力优化和成桥后的索力调整，实现程序化计算十分方程，最后给出其工程应用。     

滑轮在索上滑行分析的索-轮单元法

为了分析索结构中滑轮在悬索上行走及连续长索从滑轮下绕行问题,创建了一种新的单 元. 被称为索-滑轮单元的三节点新单元模拟一段索支承滑轮,滑轮的中心取为中间节点, 索的两端点为另外两节点. 基于有限元分析的基本原理,并利用处于平衡状态时单元内力之间的关系,推导了单元的算法. 这种新单元可以通过自动调整滑轮两侧索段的长度使单元处于平衡状态,从而简化了计算. 算例证明了新单元的算法及所编制程序的正确性,同时说明了它在工程中的应用. 给出了构成刚度阵的各矩阵的显式表达式. 新单元可以直接用于常规的有限元分析中,分析处于工作状态或施工中的索结构.     

Efficient modeling of cable-pulley system with friction based on arbitrary-Lagrangian-Eulerian approach

In conventional modeling of a cable-pulley system, the cable must be finely meshed with Lagrangian elements for valid contact detections with pulleys, leading to extremely low efficiency. The sliding joint method based on the arbitrary-LagrangianEulerian(ALE) formulation still lacks an efficient cable element, and in particular, modeling of friction between a sliding joint and the cable has not been studied. This paper presents efficient multi-body modeling of a cable-pulley system with friction. A variablelength cable element with a node movable along the cable, which is described with ALE,is developed to mesh the cable. A transitional cable element is then proposed to model the contact part of the cable by fixing its two nodes to the two corresponding locations of the pulley. Friction of the cable-pulley is derived as a simple law of tension decay and embedded in the multi-body system modeling. It is simplified as a generalized friction force acting only on the arc-length coordinate. This approach can use a rough mesh on the cable, and is free of contact detections, thus significantly saving computation time.Several examples are presented to validate the proposed method, and show its effectiveness in real engineering applications.     

Experimental and Analytical Investigation of Carbon Fiber Cable Vibration Damping

For structures deployed in space using cables where vibration damping is critical for structural stability, cable damping is significant to structural performance. To provide a better understanding of damping mechanism of carbon fiber cables, this paper describes the tests of cable damping under different experimental configurations (different cable length, tension and type), and presents an analytical method for modeling and therefore predicting cable damping. The method is developed using simplified but physically realistic assumptions on material constitutive properties and geometric compatibility conditions, and considered the contact forces and friction between helical wires. The results of the proposed method and several related issues are discussed and compared with those from experiments. These results show that the proposed method is useful and applicable for predicting cable damping value and its variation with cable tension, length and type of the cables.     

Planar non-linear free vibrations of an elastic cable

Continuum non-linear equations of free motion of a heavy elastic cable about a deformed initial configuration are developed. Referring to an assumed mode technique one ordinary equation for the cable planar motion is obtained via a Galerkin procedure, an approximate solution of which is pursued through a perturbation method. Suitable nondimensional results are presented for the vibrations in the first symmetric mode with different values of the cable properties. Which procedure is the proper one to account consistently for the non-linear kinematical relations of the cable in one ordinary equation of motion is discussed.     

预应力钢桁架结构分析中的摩擦滑移索单元

为精确模拟预应力钢桁架中连续长索在支撑点的滑动,本文创建了一种考虑摩擦力影响的新单元。被称为摩擦滑移索单元的新单元有三个节点,中间节点为支撑点。本文首先利用弹性悬链线的解析解,建立了弹性悬链线单元,并推导了单元两端点的张拉刚度。摩擦滑移索单元由两个弹性悬链线单元组合而成,根据支撑点处索的滑动方向、索力差、滑动摩擦力和滑移刚度调整两索段的原长,使支撑点两侧的索力满足给定的摩擦关系。算例验证了新单元算法的正确性和高效性,对设计的预应力钢桁架的分析,显示了张拉过程中及使用荷载作用下新单元在结构分析中的应用。新单元可直接用于常规的有限元分析,研究在工作状态或施工中存在连续长索滑移的索结构。     

Etude de practicabilité d''un système de câbles d''attache autonomes pour de l''équipement fonctionnant sur des pentes d''une inclinaison de 20 à 75 pour cent

The Forest Service investigated the concept of providing support to equipment working on steep slopes through use of a self-contained tether cable system. A vehicle's downhill component of weight is reduced to near zero by the cable's tension. The vehicle can then operate on steep slopes causing only slightly more damage to terrain than when working on flat areas. Mathematical equations for the ideal tension of the cable and for both the resulting side forces and equivalent slope when operating off the fall line were developed.The methods of sensing slope, vehicle design, the winch drive system, and the controls necessary to perform with a self-contained tether cable system are all presented. Also discussed are the acceptable tolerance of the cable tension and the effect of cable tension tolerance on equivalent slope.     

Global dynamics of the cable under combined parametrical and external excitations

The chaotic dynamics and global bifurcations of the suspended elastic cable under combined parametric and external excitations are investigated. The non-linear equations of motion of the elastic cable to small vibration of one support are derived. The averaged equations are obtained by using the method of multiple scales. Based on the averaged equations, the theory of normal form and Maple program are used to obtain the explicit expressions of normal form associated with a double zero and a pair of pure imaginary eigenvalues. On the basis of the normal form, global bifurcation analysis of the parametrically and externally excited suspended elastic cable is given by a global perturbation method developed by Kovacic and Wiggins. The chaotic motion of the elastic cable is also found by numerical simulation.     

Feasibility study of self-contained tether cable system for operating equipment on slopes of 20 to 75%

The Forest Service investigated the concept of providing support to equipment working on steep slopes through use of a self-contained tether cable system. A vehicle's downhill component of weight is reduced to near zero by the cable's tension. The vehicle can then operate on steep slopes causing only slightly more damage to terrain than when working on flat areas. Mathematical equations for the ideal tension of the cable and for both the resulting side forces and equivalent slope when operating off the fall line were developed.The methods of sensing slope, vehicle design, the winch drive system, and the controls necessary to perform with a self-contained tether cable system are all presented. Also discussed are the acceptable tolerance of the cable tension and the effect of cable tension tolerance on equivalent slope.