二维边界元奇异积分和多域缩聚法分析

基于基本解的一种新的表达式，对二维边界元分析中奇异积分的精确求解进行了讨论，从几何方面对基本解的奇异性进行了分析，给出了超参非连续元离散位势和弹性力学问题边界积分方程时奇异积分计算的精确式，从而为判断各种近似方法的优劣和间接方法的精度提供了依据，也为精确地分析了大规模问题提供了一条有效的途径。     

位势问题非连续边界元分析

本文推导了二维位势问题超参非连续边界元分析的公式，证明了利用曲边单元对位势问题进行分析时，Ｃａｕｃｈｙ型奇异积分可以直接确定，没有必要采用通常的常位势方法．通过数值算例对非连续边界元分析中最优配点问题进行了说明．     

非连续边界元——有限元耦合方法分析

对边界元－有限元耦合方法进行了分析，采用非连续元离散边界积分方程，解决了耦合分析中自由度约束问题，给出了非连续边界元同有限元耦合的具体实施步骤，通过对二维弹性力学和流＝固耦合问题分析，表明了该文方法的有效性。     

三维非规划非均匀边界元网格的简便的高精度算法

对三维直接边界元中一阶奇异积分，一阶近奇异积分以及非奇异积分进行统一处理，给出了一种提高积分计算精度的简便有效的方法，对非规则非均匀边界元网格可获得比一般方法高得多的计算精度，非常适合边界形状比较复杂的三维实际问题的边界元分析。     

三维非规则非均匀边界元网格的简便的高精度算法

对三维直接边界元中一阶奇异积分、一阶近奇异积分以及非奇异积分进行统一处理，给出了一种提高积分计算精度的简便有效的方法，对非规则非均匀边界元网格可获得比一般方法高得多的计算精度，非常适合边界形状比较复杂的三维实际问题的边界元分析．     

边界积分方程——非连续边界元度散方法及其应用

利用非连续元离散边界积分方程,有效地解决了“角点效应”问题,对影响非连续元精度和分析效率的几个问题从数值计算的角度进行了讨论,将非连续边界元用于自适应边界元分析,给出了自适应边界元误差指示确定的一种方法,通过对具体实例分析表明了给所方法的可行性,。》     

功能梯度材料动态断裂力学的径向积分边界元法

采用径向积分边界元法分析功能梯度材料动态断裂力学问题. 该方法使用与弹性模量无关的弹性静力学开尔文基本解作为问题的基本解,在导出的边界-域积分方程中含有由材料的非均质性和惯性项引起的域积分,通过径向积分法将域积分转化为等效的边界积分,得到只含边界积分的纯边界积分方程;从而建立只需边界离散的无内部网格边界元算法. 采用候博特方法求解关于时间二阶导数的系统离散的常微分方程组. 最后通过数值算例验证本文方法的精度和有效性.      

三维常数势边界元中的精确积分

对三维问题边界元方法中应用最广泛的常数边界元的积分提出一种精确积分方法。借助于一个假想的闭合曲面,将特定的势场应用于边界积分方程,发现对于三维问题,常数势项的积分可以化作球面三角型的面积计算,而导数项的积分则可在平面域用极坐标进行。本文方法结果精确,公式简单,同一计算公式可以用来计算非奇异、几乎奇异和奇异积分,统一了积分算法。     

光滑边域连续-非连续细胞自动机在裂纹开裂扩展中的应用

针对岩石裂纹开裂扩展问题，将应变光滑技术与连续-非连续细胞自动机方法相结合，构建了非连续裂纹贯穿单元和裂纹尖端单元光滑应变场，提出快速自适应光滑边域连续-非连续细胞自动机方法.构建了裂纹面位移非连续精细表征的非连续增强形函数，建立了裂纹贯穿单元和裂纹尖端单元的光滑应变矩阵求解方法，利用高斯散度定理将单元的区域积分转换为光滑域边界线积分，推导给出了光滑边域连续-非连续细胞自动机应变矩阵计算表达式，并提出了快速自适应更新方法，建立了加速因子随元胞更新而同步更新的自适应加速算法，基于此，最佳加速因子随更新自动获得，收敛速度较传统细胞自动机方法得到极大提高.利用C++编制了分析计算程序，针对多裂纹开裂扩展过程进行了模拟，并与扩展有限元进行了比较.研究发现，光滑边域连续-非连续细胞自动机方法在解的精确性、稳定性和收敛性上较扩展有限元有显著优势.     

三维Laplace方程边界元中线性单元的精确积分法

边界元中的边界积分计算影响计算精度和计算速度。非奇异积分一般采用数值积分，当配置点接近积分单元时，计算精度降低。未知函数线性插值得到的解是连续解，但计算难度增大。本文采用积分区域变换，将三维Laplace问题的二维积分化为一维积分，这样奇异积分和非奇异积分能采用精确积分的方法计算，使求解精度，计算速度都得到提高。     

Structural–acoustic sensitivity analysis of radiated sound power using a finite element/ discontinuous fast multipole boundary element scheme

The complete interaction between the structural domain and the acoustic domain needs to be considered in many engineering problems, especially for the acoustic analysis concerning thin structures immersed in water. This study employs the finite element method to model the structural parts and the fast multipole boundary element method to model the exterior acoustic domain. Discontinuous higher‐order boundary elements are developed for the acoustic domain to achieve higher accuracy in the coupling analysis. Structural–acoustic design sensitivity analysis can provide insights into the effects of design variables on radiated acoustic performance and thus is important to the structural–acoustic design and optimization processes. This study is the first to formulate equations for sound power sensitivity on structural surfaces based on an adjoint operator approach and equations for sound power sensitivity on arbitrary closed surfaces around the radiator based on the direct differentiation approach. The design variables include fluid density, structural density, Poisson's ratio, Young's modulus, and structural shape/size. A numerical example is presented to demonstrate the accuracy and validity of the proposed algorithm. Different types of coupled continuous and discontinuous boundary elements with finite elements are used for the numerical solution, and the performances of the different types of finite element/continuous and discontinuous boundary element coupling are presented and compared in detail. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

离心压缩机叶轮三维有限元强度分析系统

根据离心压缩机叶轮形状的特点,通过有效的网格自动划分和边界条件的处理,采用三维有限元方法进行了强度计算与分析,从而建立了离心叶轮三维有限元强度分析系统。对于叶轮与主轴之间的过盈配合,求出配合处由于变形而产生的弹性支力,以载荷形式施加于配合之处,由于计算时不加入主轴,从而减少了一,通过等厚度圆尖力的计算验证了有限元程序的可靠性,最二,对一个实际的三元流叶轮进行了计算,通过编制的后处理软件,对影响叶轮     

VISCOUS FLOWFIELD BASED ON DISCONTINUOUS BOUNDARY ELEMENT METHOD AND VORTEX METHOD

基于非协调边界元方法和涡方法的联合应用, 模拟了二维和三维黏性不可压缩流场. 计算中利用离散涡元对漩涡的产生、凝聚和输送过程进行模拟, 并将整体计算域分解为采用涡泡模拟的内部区域和用涡列模拟的数字边界层区域. 计算域中涡量场的拉伸和对流由Lagrangian涡方法模拟, 用随机走步模拟涡量场的扩散. 内部区域涡元涡量场速度由广义Biot-Savart公式计算, 势流场速度则采用非协调边界元方法计算. 非协调边界元将所有节点均取在光滑边界处, 从而避免了法向速度的不连续现象; 而对于系数矩阵不对称的大型边界元方程组,引入了非常高效的预处理循环型广义极小残余(the generalized minimum residual, GMRES)迭代算法, 使得边界元法的优势得到了充分发挥, 同时, 在内部涡元势流场计算中对近边界点采用了正则化算法, 该算法将奇异积分转化为沿单元围道上一系列线积分, 消除了势流计算中速度及速度梯度的奇异性. 二维、三维流场算例证明了所用方法的正确性, 也验证了该算法可以大幅度提高模拟精度和效率.     

Kinked crack analysis by a hybridized boundary element/boundary collocation method

In this research a two dimensional displacement discontinuity method (which is a kind of indirect boundary element method) using higher order elements (i.e. a source element with a cubic variation of displacement discontinuities having four sub-elements) is used to obtain the displacement discontinuities along each boundary element. In this paper, three kinds of the higher order boundary elements are used: the ordinary elements, the kink elements and the special crack tip elements.The boundary collocation technique is used for the calculation of the displacement discontinuities at the center of each sub-elements. Again a special boundary collocation technique is used to treat the kinked source elements occur in the crack analysis. Considering the two source elements (each having four sub-elements) joined at a corner (kink point). The collocation points in the cubic element model which are outside of the kink point are moved to the crack kink then the displacement discontinuities on the left and right sides of the kink are calculated. The displacement discontinuities of the kink point are obtained by averaging the corresponding values of its left and right sides. The special crack tip elements are also treated by the boundary displacement collocation technique considering the singularity variation of the displacements and stresses near the crack tip. Some simple example problems are solved numerically by the proposed method. The numerical results are compared with the corresponding results obtained by the previous methods cited in the literature. This comparison shows a very good agreement between the results and verify the accuracy and validity of the proposed method.     

基于等几何边界元法的声学敏感度分析

基于非均匀有理B样条(NURBS)曲面建模技术,边界物理量同样用NURBS基函数插值,推导出三维声场等几何边界积分方程。进一步以控制点为设计变量,用直接微分法推导出等几何敏感度边界积分方程,给出声场声压对形状参量的敏感度。针对边界积分方程中的超奇异积分,使用奇异相消技术并结合Cauchy主值积分和Hadamard有限部分积分处理,给出了超奇异积分的NURBS插值半解析表达式。数值算例验证了本文算法求解声学结构形状敏感度的有效性,为声学结构的整体形状优化打下基础。     

Effect of the order of the finite element and selection of the constrained modes in deformable body dynamics

Finite elements with different orders can be used in the analysis of constrained deformable bodies that undergo large rigid body displacements. The constrained mode shapes resulting from the use of finite elements with different orders differ in the way the stiffness of the body bending and extension are defined. The constrained modes also depend on the selection of the boundary conditions. Using the same type of finite element, different sets of boundary conditions lead to different sets of constrained modes. In this investigation, the effect of the order of the element as well as the selection of the constrained mode shapes is examined numerically. To this end, the constant strain three node triangular element and the quadratic six node triangular element are used. The results obtained using the three node triangular element are compared with the higher order six node triangular element. The equations of motion for the three and six node triangular elements are formulated from assumed linear and quadratic displacement fields, respectively. Both assumed displacement fields can describe large rigid body translational and rotational displacements. Consequently, the dynamic formulation presented in this investigation can also be used in the large deformation analysis. Using the finite element displacement field, the mass, stiffness, and inertia invariants of the three and six-node triangular elements are formulated. Standard finite element assembly techniques are used to formulate the differential equations of motion for mechanical systems consisting of interconnected deformable bodies. Using a multibody four bar mechanism, numerical results of the different elements and their respective performance are presented. These results indicate that the three node triangular element does not perform well in bending modes of deformation.     

A fully non‐linear model for three‐dimensional overturning waves over an arbitrary bottom

An accurate three‐dimensional numerical model, applicable to strongly non‐linear waves, is proposed. The model solves fully non‐linear potential flow equations with a free surface using a higher‐order three‐dimensional boundary element method (BEM) and a mixed Eulerian–Lagrangian time updating, based on second‐order explicit Taylor series expansions with adaptive time steps. The model is applicable to non‐linear wave transformations from deep to shallow water over complex bottom topography up to overturning and breaking. Arbitrary waves can be generated in the model, and reflective or absorbing boundary conditions specified on lateral boundaries. In the BEM, boundary geometry and field variables are represented by 16‐node cubic ‘sliding’ quadrilateral elements, providing local inter‐element continuity of the first and second derivatives. Accurate and efficient numerical integrations are developed for these elements. Discretized boundary conditions at intersections (corner/edges) between the free surface or the bottom and lateral boundaries are well‐posed in all cases of mixed boundary conditions. Higher‐order tangential derivatives, required for the time updating, are calculated in a local curvilinear co‐ordinate system, using 25‐node ‘sliding’ fourth‐order quadrilateral elements. Very high accuracy is achieved in the model for mass and energy conservation. No smoothing of the solution is required, but regridding to a higher resolution can be specified at any time over selected areas of the free surface. Applications are presented for the propagation of numerically exact solitary waves. Model properties of accuracy and convergence with a refined spatio‐temporal discretization are assessed by propagating such a wave over constant depth. The shoaling of solitary waves up to overturning is then calculated over a 1:15 plane slope, and results show good agreement with a two‐dimensional solution proposed earlier. Finally, three‐dimensional overturning waves are generated over a 1:15 sloping bottom having a ridge in the middle, thus focusing wave energy. The node regridding method is used to refine the discretization around the overturning wave. Convergence of the solution with grid size is also verified for this case. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

FEM‐BEM coupling for the exterior Stokes problem with non‐conforming finite elements and an application to small droplet deformation dynamics

A non‐conforming, discontinuous Galerkin finite element–boundary element coupling procedure is presented for the exterior planar Stokes problem. The novel coupled formulation is developed using that for the conforming case as a guide to the introduction of extra mortar variables used to couple a discontinuous interior finite element solution with a continuous exterior boundary element solution. Convergence results for the new scheme are presented, for a range of different interior penalties, on computational domains discretized with regular structured meshes. To illustrate an application, the excitations required to model two‐phase droplet deformations in an extensional flow, under simple surface tension, with the new scheme are also presented. For a selection of different drop viscocities and exterior flows, with and without a rotational component, the progression to a steady‐state deformation of initially undeformed circular drops is calculated and the results compared with those from both a conforming FEM‐BEM equivalent scheme and from a small perturbation analysis where available. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.