Arithmetical approach to the twin primes conjecture

In this paper, we will consider an arithmetical approach to the Eratosthenes sieve and to the problem of the twin primes.     

A large pair of twin primes

We describe an efficient integer squaring algorithm (involving the fast Fourier transform modulo that was used on a 486 computer to discover a large pair of twin primes.

     

Non-Wieferich primes under the abc conjecture

Assuming the abc conjecture, Silverman proved that, for any given positive integer $a?2$, there are $?\log ?x$ primes $p?x$ such that $a^{p?1}?1(\mathrm{mod}{p}^2)$. In this paper, we show that, for any given integers $a?2$ and $k?2$, there still are $?\log ?x$ primes $p?x$ satisfying $a^{p?1}?1(\mathrm{mod}{p}^2)$ and $p\equiv 1(\mathrm{mod}k)$, under the assumption of the abc conjecture. This improves a recent result of Chen and Ding.     

Largest known twin primes

The numbers are twin primes.

     

Largest known twin primes and Sophie Germain primes

The numbers are twin primes. The number is a Sophie Germain prime, i.e. and are both primes. For , the numbers , and are all primes.

     

A polynomial analogue of the twin prime conjecture

We consider the problem of counting the number of (not necessarily monic) `twin prime pairs' of degree , where is a polynomial of degree . We formulate an asymptotic prediction for the number of such pairs as and then prove an explicit estimate confirming the conjecture in those cases where is large compared with . When has degree , our theorem implies the validity of a result conditionally proved by Hayes in 1963. When has degree zero, our theorem refines a result of Effinger, Hicks and Mullen.

     

The McKay conjecture for exceptional groups and odd primes

Let G be a simply-connected simple algebraic group over an algebraically closed field of characteristic p with a Frobenius map F : G → G and G := G ^F , such that the root system is of exceptional type or G is a Suzuki group or Steinberg’s triality group. We show that all irreducible characters of C _G (S), the centraliser of S in G, extend to their inertia group in N _G (S), where S is any F-stable Sylow torus of (G, F). Together with the work in [16] this implies that the McKay conjecture is true for G and odd primes ℓ different from the defining characteristic. Moreover it shows important properties of the associated simple groups, which are relevant for the proof that the associated simple groups are good in the sense of Isaacs, Malle and Navarro, as defined in [14]. This research has been supported by the DFG-grant “Die Alperin-McKay-Vermutung für endliche Gruppen” and an Oberwolfach Leibniz fellowship.     

进一步优化关于素数无穷性的Euclid证法

令pi表示第I个素数.本文主要目的是用初等的方法构造性证明了,当r≥4时区间Ir中至少有2「log2(2r)」+1个素数,这一结果是Aldaz和Bravo对区间Ir中素数的个数的估值两倍.     

A Note on twin primes and the modular ring Z 6

The modular ring ?₆ defines integers via (6r _i + (i ? 3)) where i is the class and r _i the row when tabulated in an array. Since only Classes 2₆ and 4₆ contain odd primes, this modular ring is ideally suited to the analysis of twin primes. The calculations are facilitated by the use of the right-end digit (RED) technique.     

Distributional Wiener-Ikehara theorem and twin primes

The Wiener-Ikehara theorem was devised to obtain a simple proof of the prime number theorem. It usesno other information about the zeta function ~(z) than that it is zero-free and analytic for Rez ? 1, apart from a simple pole at z = 1 with residue 1. In the Wiener-Ikehara theorem, the boundary behavior of a Laplace transform in the complex plane plays a crucial role. Subtracting the principal singularity, a first order pole, the classical theorem requires uniform convergence to a boundary function on every finite interval. Here it is shown that local pseudofunction boundary behavior, which allows mild singularities, is necessary and sufficient for the desired asymptotic relation. It follows that the twin-prime conjecture is equivalent to pseudofunction boundary behavior of a certain analytic function.     

A question about saturated chains of primes in Serre conjecture rings

We propose to give a positive answer to the following question: is \(R\langle X, Y\rangle \) strong S when \(R\langle X\rangle \) is strong S? in case R is obtained by a (T, I, D) construction.     

A supermartingale argument for characterizing the functional Hill process weak law for small parameters

The paper deals with the asymptotic laws of functionals of standard exponential random variables. These classes of statistics are closely related to estimators of the extreme value index when the underlying distribution function is in theWeibull domain of attraction.We use techniques based on martingales theory to describe the non-Gaussian asymptotic distribution of the aforementioned statistics.We provide results of a simulation study as well as statistical tests that may be of interest with the proposed results.     

Exponential sums over primes and the prime twin problem

The purpose of this paper is to obtain an effective estimate of the exponential sum $\sum_{n\le x}\Lambda(n)e\left(\left(\frac{a}{q}+\beta\right)n\right)$ (where e(??)=e ^{2?? i ??} , ??,?????, (a,q)=1 and ?? is the von Mangoldt function) in the range ${(\log x)}^{1/2+\varepsilon}\le q\le \frac{x}{{(\log\log\log x)}^{1+\varepsilon}}$ and $|\beta|<\frac{1}{q{(\log\log\log x)}^{1+\varepsilon}}$ . It improves Daboussi??s estimate [2, Theorem 1] in the range q??(log?x) ^D and x(log?x)^?D ??q, D>0 and is valid in a wider range for ??.     

On twin primes associated with the Hawkins random sieve

We establish an asymptotic formula for the number of k-difference twin primes associated with the Hawkins random sieve, which is a probabilistic model of the Eratosthenes sieve. The formula for k=1 was obtained by M.C. Wunderlich [A probabilistic setting for prime number theory, Acta Arith. 26 (1974) 59-81]. We here extend this to k?2 and generalize it to all l-tuples of Hawkins primes.     

The weak conjecture on spherical classes

Let be the mod 2 Steenrod algebra. We construct a chain-level representation of the dual of Singer's algebraic transfer, which maps Singer's invariant-theoretic model of the dual of the Lambda algebra, , to and is the inclusion of the Dickson algebra, , into . This chain-level representation allows us to confirm the weak conjecture on spherical classes (see [9]), assuming the truth of (1) either the conjecture that the Dickson invariants of at least k = 3 variables are homologically zero in }, (2) or a conjecture on ${mathcal{A}}$ -decomposability of the Dickson algebra in $Gamma_k^{wedge}$. We prove the conjecture in item (1) for k = 3 and also show a weak form of the conjecture in item (2). Received November 27, 1996; in final form March 6, 1998