活性炭吸附CO2与其微孔体积的关系

对五种活性炭样品进行液氮温度下的N2吸附、碘吸附测定和冰点下的CO2吸附表征。结果表明,碘吸附值测定法和基于N2吸附等温线的BET方程、D-R方程,孔结构参数都不能正确反映活性炭对CO2的吸附特性;由CO2吸附等温线得到的D A模型参数也不适合分析活性炭吸附CO2特性;CO2吸附等温线的密度泛函理论（DFT）分析结果表明,CO2在活性炭上的吸附发生在极微孔内,DFT分析的微孔孔容与吸附等温线反映的吸附性能完全一致。因此,根据CO2吸附等温线的DFT模型是准确反映活性炭吸附CO2特性的表征分析方法。     

A novel asymmetric activated carbon electrode doped with metal-organic frameworks for high desalination performance

Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry - In this work, we synthesized metal-organic framework Cu3(BTC)2 which was applied as the doping materials of anode electrodes in capacitive deionization...     

Adsorption properties of iodine-doped activated carbon fiber

Iodine-doped activated carbon fibers (ACFs) were prepared by the iodine immersion method on pitch-based ACF. Then iodine-doped ACFs were heated in argon at 523 K for 4 h and at 673 K for 2 h. The iodine structure of the resultant iodine-doped ACFs was examined using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The micropore structures were determined by N(2) adsorption at 77 K. The surface area and micropore volume of iodine-doped ACFs are less than those of pristine ACFs. However, the pore width does not change with the iodine doping. The effects of iodine doping on adsorption properties of ACFs for H(2)O and NO at 303 K were examined. The iodine doping affected remarkably the adsorptivities of ACFs for H(2)O and NO. In particular, iodine-doped ACFs treated at 673 K show enhanced adsorptivities for H(2)O and NO. This result suggests that iodine molecules doped on the micropores should be charged by heat treatment at 673 K.     

Nitrogen adsorption on fluorinated activated carbon fiber

Nitrogen adsorption isotherms for fluorinated activated carbon fiber (F-ACF) and fluorinated carbon black (F-CB) were measured at 77 K. Surface structures of F-ACF and F-CB were examined by _s -plot analysis using the adsorption data on the nonporous carbon black (CB) and F-CB. The surface energy of F-ACF was lower than that of ACF. The micropore structure of ACF was preserved even after fluorination, although the limiting adsorption amount and the micropore width decreased with fluorination.     

Surface control of activated carbon fiber by growth of carbon nanofiber

Carbon nanofiber/activated carbon fiber (CNF/ACF) composites with multifunctional surfaces were prepared through catalytic growth of CNFs on an ACF. Because of selective deposition of catalyst particles in ACF micropores, partial oxidation of ACF after catalyst impregnation was a critical step to control the surface area of the CNF/ACF composites, of which the surface functions can be synergistically performed by both the microporous surface of ACF and free edges of CNFs. CNF/ACF composites of this study are expected to provide an improved performance in SOx or NOx removal.     

载铜球形活性炭的制备及其吸附脱硫性能的研究

以122型弱酸性酚醛系阳离子交换树脂为炭前驱体,经过Cu²⁺交换、炭化和CO₂活化等过程制备得到负载金属铜的球形活性炭,对其进行了SEM、XRD、AAS和BET表征,采用动态吸附实验研究了其对模拟汽油中噻吩类硫化物的吸附性能,并且考察了甲苯和环己烯对其吸附性能的影响,对吸附脱硫机理进行了初步研究。结果表明,载铜球形活性炭上Cu以单质形态存在,并主要与硫原子产生配位作用,提高了对噻吩类硫化物的吸附性能,对噻吩(T)、3-甲基噻吩(MT)、2,5-二甲基噻吩(DMT)和苯并噻吩(BT)的饱和硫容依次为0.938、1.230、1.581和3.744 mg/g,吸附选择性依次为T < MT < DMT < BT。模拟汽油中加入甲苯和环己烯后,饱和硫容分别下降了77%和56%,这是甲苯和环己烯通过π电子与Cu发生作用,从而与硫化物产生竞争吸附导致的。     

In situ generation of nano TiO2 on activated carbon fiber with enhanced photocatalytic degradation performance

Research on Chemical Intermediates - Photocatalytic degradation is an advanced technique towards remediation of wastewater laden with organic contaminants. In the present study, in order to improve...     

四氟硼酸改性活性炭的制备及其吸附脱除二苯并噻吩性能

采用浸渍法制备了四氟硼酸(HBF₄)改性活性炭,并研究了其对模拟油中二苯并噻吩(DBT)的吸附脱除性能。利用傅里叶红外光谱(FT-IR)、差示热分析仪(TG-DTA)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)以及N₂吸附技术对吸附剂的表面态和孔结构进行了表征,考察了四氟硼酸浓度、热处理温度以及模拟油中DBT浓度对吸附脱硫效果的影响。结果表明,经质量分数0.5%的HBF₄溶液浸渍、140 ℃热处理后,在剂油比1:100条件下,活性炭的吸附容量为352 mg/g,较未改性活性炭提高了72.5%。     

Surface modification of carbon fiber for improving the interfacial adhesion between carbon fiber and polymer matrix

In this study, the reinforcing mechanism of amine functionalized on carbon fibers (CFs) has been precisely discussed, and the differences between aliphatic and aromatic compounds have been illustrated. Polyacrylonitrile‐based CFs were functionalized with ethylenediamine, 4,4‐diaminodiphenyl sulphone, and p‐aminobenzoic acid (PAB), and CF‐reinforced epoxy composites were prepared. The structural and surface characteristics of the functionalized CFs were investigated using X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Mechanical properties in terms of tensile and flexural strengths and moduli were studied. The FT‐IR results confirm the success in bonding amines on the CF surface. After treatment of CFs, the oxygen and nitrogen contents as well as the N/C ratio showed an increase. XPS results provided evidence of the chemical reaction during functionalization, rather than being physically coated on the CF surface. Chemical modification of CF with diamines led to considerable enhancement in compatibility of CF filaments and epoxy resin, and remarkable improvements were seen in both tensile and flexural properties of the reinforced composites. SEM micrographs also confirmed the improvement of interface adhesion between the modified CFs and epoxy matrix. Finally, it can be concluded that PAB is a promising candidate to functionalize CF in order to improve interfacial properties of CF/epoxy composites. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Trapping of volatile iodine by an activated carbon fiber filter

Model experiments for a simple and effective trapping device of volatile iodine that is generated during radioiodination of biomacromolecules were performed using an activated carbon fiber filter. Over 99.9% of the radioactivity was trapped by the first sheet, when a stream of the volatile radioactive iodine was passed through the layer consisting of several sheets of carbon fiber filter of pore-size 2nm preceded by two or three sheets of urethane foam filter to eliminate the water vapor. Since the carbon fiber filter has very little resistance to the gas flow, the device seems applicable to the small filter chamber for the radioiodination hood.     

Preparation of polyacrylonitrile-based activated carbon fiber for CS2 adsorption

Research on Chemical Intermediates - Polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based activated carbon fiber (ACF) was prepared by CO2 and KOH activation method, respectively, and used for the adsorption of CS2 at...     

Effect of oxidation of activated carbon on its enrichment efficiency of metal ions: comparison with oxidized and non-oxidized multi-walled carbon nanotubes

The effect of oxidation of activated carbon (AC) with various oxidizing agents (nitric acid, hydrogen peroxide, ammonium persulfate) on preconcentration of metal ions (Cr3+, Mn2+, Pb2+, Cu2+, Cd2+ and Zn2+) from environmental waters prior to their flame atomic absorption spectroscopic analysis was investigated. The highest recoveries and adsorption capacities towards metal ions were achieved when using nitric acid-oxidized AC (sorbent AC-NA) as preconcentrating sorbent at pH 9. A preconcentration procedure was optimized using AC-NA as sorbent, which was then compared with non-oxidized AC in terms of analytical performance of the preconcentration method. Higher sensitivity, lower detection limits and wider linear ranges were achieved when AC-NA was used. The analytical performance of the method using AC-NA as preconcentrating sorbent was also compared with nitric acid-oxidized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (sorbent MWCNT-NA) and non-oxidized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (sorbent MWCNT). The analytical performance of the preconcentration method using AC-NA was close to MWCNT-NA, but AC-NA was better than non-oxidized MWCNT. Application of the optimized preconcentration method (using AC-NA sorbent) to environmental waters (tap water, reservoir water, stream water) gave spike recoveries of the metals in the range 63-104%.     

Correlation of fractal pore-size distribution of activated carbon fiber with its adsorption for low concentration benzene vapor

Fractal pore-size distribution K(x) is given based on J(x) function proposed by Jaronic. Activated carbon fibers (ACF) with different surface areas are characterized by using two functions mentioned above. The present work studies the fractal pore-size distribution of ACF and adsorption isotherms of nonpolar benzene vapor on ACF, and thereby reveals the correlation between them.     

Nitrogen-doped activated carbon fiber as an applicant for NO adsorbent

The effects of nitrogen-doping on adsorption properties of activated carbon fibers (ACFs) for NO were investigated. The nitrogen-doped ACFs (N-ACFs) were prepared by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of pyridine at 1023 K for various times. The N-ACFs were characterized by N(2) adsorption at 77 K, elemental analysis, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The nitrogen content increases with the pyridine-CVD time. An XPS examination showed that the fraction of quaternary nitrogen in the nitrogen structures is almost constant, regardless of the CVD times. However, quaternary nitrogen increases remarkably from 54% to 78% after heat-treatment of N-ACF at 1273 K, although the total nitrogen content decreases. The adsorption properties of N-ACFs for NO were examined at 303 K. The NO adsorption capacity of N-ACFs increases with the concentration of doped nitrogen. The NO adsorptivity of the N-ACF was remarkably enhanced by the heat-treatment at 1273 K.     

Irradiation‐induced grafting of acrylonitrile onto activated carbon fiber

Viscose‐based activated carbon fiber (VACF) was modified with acrylonitrile (AN) by γ‐irradiation‐induced grafting polymerization. Effects of the grafting conditions, such as concentrations of AN and divinylbenzene (DVB), pH value, and solvent on the grafting process were studied. The physicochemical properties of the fibers were characterized. The results show that AN can be effectively grafted onto the surface of VACF with the addition of DVB. The grafting yield is higher than 12% according to thermogravimetric (TG) analysis. The study shows that DVB can improve the grafting degree of AN in the form of grafting chains or agglomerate materials. After grafting modification, VACF shows a small decrease in the specific surface area. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Physicochemical and thermal studies of viscose rayon borate fiber and its carbon fiber

Nonhalogen compounds have been studied for improvements in the flameproofing property and toxicity of flame retardants. Borate compounds have properties of multifunctional smoke suppressants, flame retardants, and afterglow suppressants. In this study, borate was coupled onto the surface of viscose rayon felt. Coupling and carbonization were confirmed by attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR FTIR). The initial carbonization temperature was certified with ATR FTIR, elemental analysis of carbon, and thermogravimetric analysis. In the carbonization step, all chemical groups of the surface of the viscose rayon felt degraded to the various gases. Moreover, the weight percentage of the carbon element increased with increasing carbonization temperature. Initial rapid thermal degradation temperatures of viscose rayon prepared at various temperatures increased with the increasing reaction temperature. The activation energy was calculated with the Freeman and Carroll method. The activation energy of borate‐coupled viscose rayon decreased much more than before coupling. However, the activation energy increased with the increasing carbonization temperature in the carbonization step. Viscose rayon borates showed higher limiting oxygen index (LOI) values and volumetric resistance rate values than viscose rayon phosphates. In this article, the relationship between the activation energy and LOI is studied. The synthesized viscose rayon borate is found to be highly effective as a flame retardant and electrically resistant. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 39: 3875–3883, 2001     

季铵盐插层MXene复合材料的制备及其电容脱盐性能

以MXene(Ti3C2Tx)为前驱体,采用季铵盐(TTAB、CTAB、STAB)为插层剂,制备季铵盐插层MXene复合材料.研究表明,随着季铵盐烷基碳链原子数的增加,MXene的层间距逐渐增大,复合材料的电容脱盐性能随层间距的增加而逐步提高.NaCl溶液浓度为1000 mg·L-1,工作电压为1.2V时,MXene、...     

Adsorption properties and photocatalytic activity of TiO2/activated carbon fiber composite

Photocatalysts of titanium dioxide (TiO₂) and TiO₂/activated carbon fiber (TiO₂/ACF) composite were prepared by sol-gel method, followed by calcining the pure TiO₂ sols and the TiO₂/ACF sols at 500°C for 2 h in a N₂ atmosphere, respectively. These photocatalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and N₂ adsorption-desorption isotherms measurement. Batch experiments were conducted to study the adsorption property of TiO₂/ACF composite using methylene blue as adsorbate. The adsorption data obtained from different batch experiments were analyzed using pseudo-second-order kinetic model, the experimental data can be adequately described by the pseudo-second-order equation. The photodecomposition behavior of TiO₂/ACF was investigated in aqueous solution using methylene blue as target pollutant. It was found that methylene blue could be removed rapidly from water by TiO₂/ACF, the photocatalytic decomposition was obviously improved when the photocatalyst was used. Kinetics analysis revealed that the photocatalytic decomposition reaction can be described well by a first-order rate equation.     

Effect of electrode charge balance on the energy storage performance of hybrid supercapacitor cells based on LiFePO4 as Li-ion battery electrode and activated carbon

Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry - Hybrid supercapacitors using asymmetric, LiFePO4 (LFP) lithium intercalation and electric double layer activated carbon (AC) electrodes combining the high...