缓冲夹层影响异质结有机光伏器件性能研究

制备了结构为CuPc/缓冲层/C60异质结的有机光伏器件,分别选用三氧化钼和红荧烯为缓冲层,研究了增加缓冲层对器件性能的影响.结果表明,增加三氧化钼和红荧烯缓冲层后器件的开路电压和光电转换效率都得到提高,器件的短路电流密度和填充因子都有所降低.开路电压从没有缓冲层时的0.39V分别提高到0.58V、0.55V,转换效率从0.36%提高到0.44%,短路电流从1.92mA/cm2分别降低到1.77mA/cm2、1.81mA/cm2,填充因子从0.48分别减少到0.43、0.44.进一步研究表明器件的短路电流密度受缓冲层厚度的影响很大,当缓冲层厚度很小时,器件短路电流密度还有所增加,但随着缓冲层厚度的增加,短路电流密度逐渐减小,当缓冲层厚度为10nm时,器件短路电流密度减少到0.35mA/cm2.开路电压随着厚度的增加逐渐增加,从1nm时的0.43V增加10nm时0.63V.根据整数电荷转移模型和界面能级理论解释有机光伏器件开路电压提高以及短路电流密度减少的原因,为有机太阳能电池性能的改善提供了研究方法.     

缓冲夹层影响异质结有机光伏器件性能研究

制备了结构为CuPc/缓冲层/C₆₀异质结的有机光伏器件,分别选用三氧化钼和红荧烯为缓冲层,研究了增加缓冲层对器件性能的影响.结果表明,增加三氧化钼和红荧烯缓冲层后器件的开路电压和光电转换效率都得到提高,器件的短路电流密度和填充因子都有所降低.开路电压从没有缓冲层时的0.39 V分别提高到0.58 V、0.55 V,转换效率从0.36%提高到0.44%,短路电流从1.92 mA/cm²分别降低到1.77 mA/cm²、1.81 mA/cm²,填充因子从0.48分别减少到0.43、0.44.进一步研究表明器件的短路电流密度受缓冲层厚度的影响很大,当缓冲层厚度很小时,器件短路电流密度还有所增加,但随着缓冲层厚度的增加,短路电流密度逐渐减小,当缓冲层厚度为10 nm时,器件短路电流密度减少到0.35 mA/cm².开路电压随着厚度的增加逐渐增加,从1 nm时的0.43 V增加10 nm时0.63 V.根据整数电荷转移模型和界面能级理论解释有机光伏器件开路电压提高以及短路电流密度减少的原因,为有机太阳能电池性能的改善提供了研究方法.     

缓冲层提高有机聚合物光伏电池性能研究

在分析有机聚合物复合体光伏电池机理及等效电路模型基础上,研究了界面旋涂缓冲层对聚合物给体/受体复合体结构光伏器件性能的影响.制备了基于P3HT/PCBM的给体 受体复合体薄膜有机光伏电池,并分别在有机活性层和ITO基底之间以及有机活性层和电极之间插入TFB和F8BT缓冲层.实验证明：在ITO和活性层之间旋涂TFB作为阳极缓冲层,可增加有机聚合物光伏器件的短路电流,在活性层和电极之间插入F8BT作为阴极缓冲层,可增大光伏器件的开路电压,提高器件的转换效率.     

载流子迁移率对有机太阳能电池性能影响的模拟研究

通过器件模拟的方法研究了载流子迁移率对有机太阳能电池性能的影响。研究发现载流子迁移率同时影响光生电子-空穴对的解离和载流子的输运过程,电子和空穴的迁移率都有一个最佳值。大于最佳值会导致短路电流的微小上升和开路电压的大幅下降;小于最佳值会降低光生电子-空穴对的解离效率,进而使短路电流和填充因子明显下降。     

碲镉汞焦平面光伏器件的实时γ辐照效应研究

对碲镉汞长波和中波焦平面光伏器件进行了实时γ射线辐照效应研究,通过辐照过程中实时测试器件的电流-电压特性,发现随着辐照剂量的增加,中波器件比长波器件表现出更好的抗辐照能力.对于长波器件,随着辐照剂量的增大,能够反映器件性能的零偏电阻逐渐降低;对于中波器件,零偏电阻随着辐照剂量的增加无固定变化趋势,辐照效应主要表现在电阻-电压曲线随着辐照剂量增加出现越来越明显的扰动.根据光伏器件的暗电流机理,对长波器件的电阻-电压曲线进行数值拟合,发现辐照引起少子产生-复合寿命逐渐降低,缺陷密度逐渐增大,主要影响的电流机理 关键词： γ辐照 辐照效应 光伏器件 碲镉汞     

Pt/BiFeO_3/Nb:SrTiO_3异质结的光伏效应和光调控整流特性

铁电薄膜异质结的光伏效应因具有重要的应用前景而备受关注,而且其中多种光伏效应机制的共存带来了丰富而复杂的物理内涵.为了研究界面对光伏效应的重要作用,制备了基于BiFeO_3铁电薄膜的具有"金属/铁电体/半导体"非对称电极结构的Pt/BiFeO_3/Nb:SrTiO_3异质结,并系统研究了其在不同波长(365和445 nm)激光照射下的光伏效应.在365 nm, 74 mW/cm~2光照下,异质结的光伏开路电压高达0.55 V.而且,由于光激发和光吸收过程的不同, 365 nm激光照射下该异质结的开路电压和短路电流比445 nm激光照射下的结果显著提高.随着温度降低,开路电压单调上升,而不同波长下的短路电流则表现出不同的变化规律.另外,随着光强的提高,异质结整流效应获得增强,通过分析,空间电荷限制电流传导机制对异质结输运有重要贡献,而光生载流子将通过填充缺陷影响输运特性.     

光伏碲镉汞探测器在波段内连续激光辐照下的非线性响应机理研究

利用波段内连续激光, 辐照禁带宽度为0.33 eV的中波光伏碲镉汞探测器. 实验结果表明, 随着辐照激光光强的逐渐增大, 探测器从线性响应过渡为非线性响应. 当探测器进入非线性状态, 探测器的开路电压随激光光强的增大而减小, 且在激光开启辐照时开路电压信号迅速下跳, 在激光停止辐照时开路电压信号迅速上跳. 通过考虑激光辐照下探测器的温度场分布以及温度对p-n结内建电场的影响, 结合考虑机械快门在开启和关闭时对激光光强变化的影响, 建立了光伏探测器在波段内连续激光辐照下的解析模型, 模型计算结果与实验结果吻合得较好. 研究表明, 激光辐照过程中的非线性响应, 主要由温度对p-n结内建电场的影响决定, 激光开启和关闭时的开路电压的幅值是由光强和温度共同决定.     

1.7 MeV电子辐照对CdTe太阳电池电流传输特性影响的图谱分析

研究了1.7 MeV的电子辐照对具有Anti-radiation glass/ITO/ZnO/CdS/CdTe/ZnTe/ZnTe∶Cu/Ni结构的碲化镉多晶薄膜太阳电池器件性能的影响。 抗辐照玻璃的使用, 有效防止了普通玻璃受辐照后性能变化对测试结果的影响。 利用光、 暗I-V, C-V, QE, AS等测试手段, 分析了包括开路电压、 短路电流、 转换效率在内的电池性能。 通过对比研究暗电流密度、 分析了辐照对电池电流传输特性的影响。 辐照后短路电流下降很大, 电池效率明显降低。 反向饱和电流密度有所增加, 表明太阳电池的pn结特性受到损伤, 而二极管理想因子几乎不变, 说明太阳电池电流的输运机制未发生了变化。 量子效率曲线证明是由于太阳电池结区损伤影响了光生载流子的收集。 辐照使载流子浓度下降为原来的40.6%。 导纳谱研究最终发生辐照会引入Cd2+缺陷能级, 其位置为Et-Ev=(0.58±0.02)eV, 俘获截面为1.78×10-16 cm2, 表明辐照会影响光生载流子的产生, 增加了载流子复合的概率, 使得反向暗电流增大, 最终导致电池的短路电流衰减。     

1.7MeV电子辐照对CdTe太阳电池电流传输特性影响的图谱分析（英文）

研究了1.7 MeV的电子辐照对具有Anti-radiation glass/ITO/ZnO/CdS/CdTe/ZnTe/ZnTe:Cu/Ni结构的碲化镉多晶薄膜太阳电池器件性能的影响。抗辐照玻璃的使用,有效防止了普通玻璃受辐照后性能变化对测试结果的影响。利用光、暗I-V,C-V,QE,AS等测试手段,分析了包括开路电压、短路电流、转换效率在内的电池性能。通过对比研究暗电流密度、分析了辐照对电池电流传输特性的影响。辐照后短路电流下降很大,电池效率明显降低。反向饱和电流密度有所增加,表明太阳电池的pn结特性受到损伤,而二极管理想因子几乎不变,说明太阳电池电流的输运机制未发生了变化。量子效率曲线证明是由于太阳电池结区损伤影响了光生载流子的收集。辐照使载流子浓度下降为原来的40.6%。导纳谱研究最终发生辐照会引入Cd~(2+)缺陷能级,其位置为E_1—E_v=(0.58±0.02)eV,俘获截面为1.78×10~(-16)cm~2,表明辐照会影响光生载流子的产生,增加了载流子复合的概率,使得反向暗电流增大,最终导致电池的短路电流衰减。     

灰尘对太阳能电池组件特性参数的影响

主要介绍了太阳能电池组件表面灰尘对其开路电压、短路电流和输出功率的等特性参数的影响.实验结果显示:灰尘主要影响电池板短路电流的大小,其短路电流会随着灰尘的质量的增加而迅速减小,而开路电压减小相对较慢.     

Demonstration of a 4H SiC Betavoltaic Nuclear Battery Based on Schottky Barrier Diode

A 4H SiC betavoltaic nuclear battery is demonstrated. A Schottky barrier diode is utilized for carrier separation. Under illumination of Ni-63 source with an apparent activity of 4mCi/cm^2, an open circuit voltage of 0.49 V and a short circuit current density of 29.44nA/cm^2 are measured. A power conversion efficiency of 1.2% is obtained. The performance of the device is limited by low shunt resistance, backscattering and attenuation of electron energy in air and Schottky electrode. It is expected to be significantly improved by optimizing the design and processing technology of the device.     

Synthesis and characterization of DSSC by using Pt nano-counter electrode: photosensor applications

Pt electrode prepared by chemical method has been employed as counter electrode in dye-sensitized solar cell. TiO₂ nanomaterial was deposited on fluorine-doped tin oxide substrate to be used as photoanode. Structure of the TiO₂ and Pt films was investigated by atomic force microscope. The effect of illumination intensity on the photovoltaic parameters such as open circuit voltage, short circuit current density, output power, fill factor and efficiency of these cells was investigated in the range 2.5–130 mW/cm^?2. The cell efficiency is stable above 70 mW/cm². The fill factor is almost constant all over the studied range of illumination intensity. Impedance spectroscopy of the studied device as the summary measurements of the capacitance–voltage, conductance–voltage and series resistance–voltage characteristics were investigated in a wide range of frequencies (5 kHz–1 MHz). At low frequencies, the capacitance has positive values with peak around the origin due to the interfaces. At 200 and 300 kHz, the capacitance is inverted to negative with further increasing of the positive biasing voltage. Above 400 kHz, C–V profile shows complete negative behavior. Also, the impedance–voltage and phase–voltage characteristics were investigated. This cell shows a new promising device for photosensor applications due to high sensitivity in low and high illuminations.     

CuGaSe2 solar cells with 9.7% power conversion efficiency

Heterojunctions, such as ZnO/CdS/CuGaSe₂, were fabricated for photovoltaic applications. Optimization of device structures based on monocrystalline CuGaSe₂ led to the highest-to-date power conversion efficiencies for CuGaSe₂ solar cells. At room temperature under 100 mW/cm² AM1.5 illumination a maximum cell efficiency of 9.7% was achieved, given by an open-circuit voltage of 946 mV, a short circuit current density of 15.5 mA/cm², and a fill factor of 66.5%. Preparation and performance of the optimum device are described. Current voltage characteristics dependent on illumination intensity and temperature, spectral response and electron-beam-induced current measurements were performed to determine the device parameters as well as to analyse the current transport and loss mechanisms. Tunneling, assisted by defect levels in the CdS layer, seems to play a major role. High injection effects are observed at forward bias ofV > 0.5 V or an illumination level ofP > 10 mW/cm². Under such conditions, as well as at low temperatures, the non-zero series resistance comes into play. Effects of the shunt resistance, however, are negligible in all cases.     

基于磷光配合物Re(CO)3Cl-dipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c] phenazine有机光伏器件

本文以4,4′,4′′-三[3-甲基苯基苯胺基)三苯胺(m-MTDATA)为电子给体,Re(CO)3Cl-dipyrido [3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine (Re-DPPz)为电子受体制成有机光伏器件。在紫外灯(365 nm, 1.6 mW/cm2)从ITO方向垂直照射下,器件的短路电流(Isc), 开路电压 (Voc), 填充因子(FF),功率转换效率分别为57.1 μA/cm2, 0.86 V, 0.39, 1.2%。研究结果表明有机磷光发光材料Re-DPPz也具有良好的光伏性能。     

溶剂挥发时间对体异质结有机太阳能电池复合特性的影响

制备了基于P3HT:PCBM复合体异质结有机太阳能电池,通过改变旋涂速度和时间来控制活性混合膜中溶剂的挥发时间,研究了载流子复合损耗与器件加工制造条件以及界面陷阱密度的关系。测试结果表明,活性复合膜溶剂的挥发时间对有机太阳能电池的光电性能有直接影响。溶剂挥发快的器件产生的陷阱辅助复合最为强烈,基于开路电压与光强对数关系的直线的斜率较大,存在的界面陷阱密度也最大。文中建立了制造加工条件、复合损耗机制、界面陷阱密度、器件光电特性之间的数值联系,这对最终提高聚合物太阳能电池性能具有重要的指导意义。     

Simulation study of the losses and influences of geminate and bimolecular recombination on the performances of bulk heterojunction organic solar cells

We use the method of device simulation to study the losses and influences of geminate and bimolecular recombinations on the performances and properties of the bulk heterojunction organic solar cells. We find that a fraction of electrons(holes)in the device are collected by anode(cathode). The direction of the corresponding current is opposite to the direction of photocurrent. And the current density increases with the bias increasing but decreases as bimolecular recombination(BR)or geminate recombination(GR) intensity increases. The maximum power, short circuit current, and fill factor display a stronger dependence on GR than on BR. While the influences of GR and BR on open circuit voltage are about the same.Our studies shed a new light on the loss mechanism and may provide a new way of improving the efficiency of bulk heterojunction organic solar cells.     

MoO_3阳极缓冲层对有机太阳电池性能的影响

研究了MoO3阳极缓冲层对基于CuPc/C60异质结的有机小分子太阳电池器件性能的影响。发现:MoO3阳极缓冲层略微降低了器件的短路电流、开路电压及能量转换效率;MoO3阳极缓冲层提高了器件的整流比;具有MoO3阳极缓冲层的器件在持续光照条件下连续工作20min,其主要性能参数(如短路电流、开路电压、填充因子及能量转换效率)无明显衰减,而没有MoO3阳极缓冲层的对比器件在相同条件下连续工作20min,其能量转换效率衰减了大约45%。研究结果表明:MoO3阳极缓冲层明显提高了基于CuPc/C60异质结的有机小分子太阳电池器件的稳定性,可能的原因主要是MoO3阳极缓冲层改善了ITO阳极和CuPc界面,抑制了因持续光照连续工作引起的界面老化,从而提高了器件的稳定性。     

MEH-PPV与TiO2共混体系太阳电池性能分析

以MEH-PPV(poly(2-methoxy-5-(2′-ethylhexoxy)-1,4-phenylene vinylene)为电子给体材料(Donor,D), TiO₂纳米线为电子受体材料(Acceptor,A),制成了共混体系太阳电池. 从D/A材料共混体系的紫外可见吸收光谱(UV-vis)、光荧光谱(PL)、器件的电荷传输的光导J-V图等方面,分析了MEH-PPV∶TiO₂体系器件性能变化的原因. 得出了当在纯MEH-PP 关键词： 太阳电池 聚合物 性能     

Photocurrent analysis of organic photovoltaic cells based on CuPc/C60 with Alq3 as a buffer layer

The performance of an organic photovoltaic(OPV) cell based on copper phthalocyanine CuPc/C60 with a tris(8-hydroxyquinolinato) aluminum(Alq3) buffer layer has been investigated.It was found that the power conversion efficiency of the device was 1.51% under illumination with an intensity of 100 mW/cm2,which was limited by a squareroot dependence of the photocurrent on voltage.The photocurrent-optical power density characteristics showed that the OPV cell had a significant space-charge limited photocurrent with a varied saturation voltage and a three quarters power dependence on optical power density.Also,the absorption spectrum was measured by a spectrophotometer,and the results showed that the additional Alq3 layer has a minor effect on photocurrent generation.     

GaInP2/GaAs/Ge叠层太阳电池材料的低压MOCVD外延生长

本文采用自制的LP-MOCVD设备,外延生长出GaInP₂/GaAs/Ge叠层太阳电池结构片,对电池材料进行了X射线衍射测试分析.另外,采用二次离子质谱仪测试了电池结构的剖面曲线.用此材料做出的叠层太阳电池,AMO条件下光电转换效率η=13.6%,开路电压V_oc=2230mV,短路电流密度J_sc=12.6mA/cm².