Radial expansion of a cylindrical or spherical cavity in an infinite porous medium

A solution describing the displacement and stress fields around expanding spherical and cylindrical cavities with allowance for pore collapse is constructed using the theory of small elastic deformations of a homogeneous isotropic porous medium in closed form. Transition of the medium into a plastic state is modeled using the Tresca-Saint Venant yield condition. Porosity change is described on the basis of a mathematical model developed taking into account the increase in the stiffness of the porous material at the moment of pore collapse. It is shown that in the elastic deformation stage, the porosity does not change; an increase in the pressure leads to the formation of a region of plastic compression, in part of which, the pores collapse. Stress and displacement fields in the porous medium during unloading are constructed. It is shown that under certain conditions, the elastic unloading stage is followed by the plastic reflow stage to form a region of pore expansion. As the pressure decreases, the boundary of this region simultaneously reaches the region of plastic reflow and the region of pore collapse.     

A spherical cavity expansion model for penetration of ogival-nosed projectiles into concrete targets with shear-dilatancy

A dynamic spherical cavity-expansion penetration model is suggested herein to predict the penetration and perforation of concrete targets struck normally by ogivalnosed projectiles.Shear dilatancy as well as compressibility of the material in comminuted region are considered in the paper by introducing a dilatant-kinematic relation.A procedure is first presented to compute the radial stress at the cavity surface and then a numerical method is used to calculate the results of penetration and perforation with friction being taken into account.The influences of various target parameters such as shear strength,bulk modulus,density,Poisson’s ratio and tensile strength on the depth of penetration are delineated.It is shown that the model predictions are in good agreement with available experimental data.It is also shown that the shear strength plays a dominant role in the target resistance to penetration.     

弹性空腔膨胀中边界条件的转换方法

以弹性空腔膨胀为研究对象,利用速度和应力2种边界条件下运动场势函数相等的原理,运用Laplace变换及其卷积定理,得到了两种边界条件的相互转换关系,建立了球面波运动场中速度场与应力场的转换关系。以双指数应力时程和正弦指数衰减速度时程为例,研究了球面波运动场转换的特点。结果表明,球面波上的应力和速度之间不是简单的线性关系,与平面波相比,球面波上的质点速度较小。而影响这种差异大小的主要因素是波的传播距离和介质中波的传播速度,波传播距离越近,传播速度越快,这种差异越大。     

Effects of three-phase-lag on two-temperature generalized thermoelasticity for infinite medium with spherical cavity

The thermoelastic interaction for the three-phase-lag (TPL) heat equation in an isotropic infinite elastic body with a spherical cavity is studied by two-temperature generalized thermoelasticity theory (2TT). The heat conduction equation in the theory of TPL is a hyperbolic partial differential equation with a fourth-order derivative with respect to time. The medium is assumed to be initially quiescent. By the Laplace transformation, the fundamental equations are expressed in the form of a vector-matrix differential equation, which is solved by a state-space approach. The general solution obtained is applied to a specific problem, when the boundary of the cavity is subjected to the thermal loading (the thermal shock and the ramp-type heating) and the mechanical loading. The inversion of the Laplace transform is carried out by the Fourier series expansion techniques. The numerical values of the physical quantity are computed for the copper like material. Significant dissimilarities between two models (the two-temperature Green-Naghdi theory with energy dissipation (2TGN-III) and two-temperature TPL model (2T3phase)) are shown graphically. The effects of two-temperature and ramping parameters are also studied.     

Thermoelastic interactions without energy dissipation in an unbounded body with a spherical cavity subjected to harmonically varying temperature

The present work is concerned with the thermally induced vibration in a homogeneous and isotropic unbounded body with a spherical cavity. The Green and Nagdhi model of thermoelasticity without energy dissipation is employed. The closed form solutions for distributions of displacement, temperature and stresses are obtained. The solutions valid in the case of small frequency are deduced and the results are compared with the corresponding results obtained in other generalized thermoelasticity theories. Numerical results applicable to a copper-like material are also presented graphically and the nature of variations of the physical quantities with radial coordinate and with frequency of vibration is analyzed.     

Generalized thermoelastic problem of an infinite body with a spherical cavity under dual-phase-lags

The aim of the present contribution is the determination of the thermoelastic temperatures, stress, displacement, and strain in an infinite isotropic elastic body with a spherical cavity in the context of the mechanism of the two-temperature generalized thermoelasticity theory (2TT). The two-temperature Lord–Shulman (2TLS) model and two-temperature dual-phase-lag (2TDP) model of thermoelasticity are combined into a unified formulation with unified parameters. The medium is assumed to be initially quiescent. The basic equations are written in the form of a vector matrix differential equation in the Laplace transform domain, which is then solved by the state-space approach. The expressions for the conductive temperature and elongation are obtained at small times. The numerical inversion of the transformed solutions is carried out by using the Fourier-series expansion technique. A comparative study is performed for the thermoelastic stresses, conductive temperature, thermodynamic temperature, displacement, and elongation computed by using the Lord–Shulman and dual-phase-lag models.     

Problem of filling of a spherical cavity in a Kelvin-Voigt medium

This paper is concerned with mathematical modeling and solution of the problem of the collapse of a spherical cavity in a viscoelastic medium under the action of constant pressure at infinity. A differential equation of motion for the cavity boundary is constructed and solved numerically. The existence of three modes of motion of the boundary is established, and a map of these modes in the plane of the determining parameters is constructed. Asymptotic forms of the solutions of the problem for all modes are constructed. The problem of cavity collapse with capillary forces taken into account is formulated and solved. __________ Translated from Prikladnaya Mekhanika i Tekhnicheskaya Fizika, Vol. 49, No. 5, pp. 93–101, September–October, 2008.     

Torsion of a long circular cylinder having a spherical cavity with a peripheral edge crack

The singular stress problem of a peripheral edge crack around a spherical cavity in a long circular cylinder under torsion is investigated. The problem is solved by using integral transforms and is reduced to the solution of two integral equations. The solution of these equations is obtained numerically by the method due to Erdogan, Gupta, and Cook, and the stress intensity factors, and crack opening displacements are displayed graphically.     

Analytical solutions for finite cylindrical dynamic cavity expansion in compressible elastic-plastic materials

Analytical solutions for the dynamic cylindrical cavity expansion in a com-pressible elastic-plastic cylinder with a finite radius are developed by taking into account of the effect of lateral free boundary, which are different from the traditional cavity expan-sion models for targets with infinite dimensions. The finite cylindrical cavity expansion process begins with an elastic-plastic stage followed by a plastic stage. The elastic-plastic stage ends and the plastic stage starts when the plastic wave front reaches the lateral free boundary. Approximate solutions of radial stress on cavity wall are derived by using the Von-Mise yield criterion and Forrestal’s similarity transformation method. The effects of the lateral free boundary and finite radius on the radial stress on the cavity wall are discussed, and comparisons are also conducted with the finite cylindrical cavity expansion in incompressible elastic-plastic materials. Numerical results show that the lateral free boundary has significant influence on the cavity expansion process and the radial stress on the cavity wall of metal cylinder with a finite radius.     

Finite dynamic expansion of a cylindrical cavity in a hyperelastic medium

Summary A numerical method is proposed for the analysis of the finite cylindrically symmetric expansion of a cylindrical cavity in an unbounded isotropic hyperelastic compressible medium. Results obtained for a sudden application of pressure at the cavity surface are presented for a particular strain energy function.

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Übersicht Es wird ein Verfahren zur Untersuchung der endlichen, zylindrischen, symmetrischen Ausdehnung eines zylindrischen Hohlraumes in einem unbegrenzten, isotropen, hyperelastischen, kompressiblen Medium vorgeschlagen. Ergebnisse, die unter der Annahme einer speziellen Funktion der Verformungsenergie für den Fall plötzlichen Aufbringens des Druckes auf die Oberfläche des Hohlraumes erhalten wurden, werden mitgeteilt.

     

Uncoupled magnetoelastic problem for a ferromagnetic body with a spherical cavity

An uncoupled stress problem for an unbounded elastic soft ferromagnetic body with a spherical cavity in a magnetic field uniform at infinity is solved. The stresses, displacements, and magnetic quantities in the body are determined. The features of stress distribution over the body and its boundary surface are studied __________ Translated from Prikladnaya Mekhanika, Vol. 43, No. 10, pp. 42–48, October 2007.     

A problem for an infinite elastic body with a spherical cavity in the theory of generalized thermoelastic diffusion

In this work, we study a one-dimensional problem in a generalized thermoelastic diffusion in infinite medium with a spherical cavity subjected to a time dependent thermal shock of its internal boundary which is assumed to be traction free. The chemical potential is also assumed to be a known function of time on the bounding cavity. Laplace transform techniques are used. The solution of the problem in the transformed domain is obtained by using a direct approach without the customary use of potential functions. By means of numerical Laplace inversion, the problem is solved in the physical domain. Numerical results predict finite speeds of propagation for thermoelastic and diffusive waves. To investigate the diffusions effects, a comparison is made with the results obtained in the thermoelastic problem.     

椭圆形孔扩张弹性分析

圆孔扩张理论作为一种相对成熟的理论工具已经广泛运用于岩土工程中的各类问题,但是对于初始孔为椭圆孔的扩孔问题,圆孔扩张理论并不适用.基于保角变换的方法将原物理平面上初始椭圆孔洞的外部映射到像平面上的单位圆外部,将原物理平面上由于椭圆孔洞扩张所产生的位移边界条件转换到像平面上,利用平面复变弹性理论,得到初始椭圆形孔洞孔扩张的弹性解.将论文椭圆孔扩张的退化解与传统圆孔扩张的弹性解进行对比分析,验证椭圆孔扩张弹性解的正确性.续而,针对一算例详细分析了椭圆孔扩张的弹性力学特性.研究结果表明,椭圆孔的退化解与传统的圆孔扩张弹性解完全一致,椭圆孔在弹性扩张过程中长轴方向比短轴方向较难扩张,长轴方向需要的扩张压力比短轴方向的要大.此外,当扩张率a2/a1=0.11/0.1=1.1时,扩张的影响半径为10倍的孔径左右.     

Dynamic expansion of a spherical cavity within a rate-dependent compressible porous material

The problem of shock expansion of cavities in geological or geologically derived media is of fundamental interest because it is closely related to the blast problem (propagation of waves from an explosion source) as well as to crater formation by hypervelocity projectile impact. Since rock and cementitious materials exhibit very strong high-rate and high-confinement sensitivities, those effects cannot be neglected in a realistic analysis of penetration events. In this paper a new model for the shock expansion of a spherical cavity in an infinite medium that displays very strong high-rate and high-confinement sensitivities is proposed. Waves are generated by an instantaneous rise of the pressure at the surface of the cavity.     

Problem of generalized thermoelastic infinite medium with cylindrical cavity subjected to a ramp-type heating and loading

This paper presents the problem of thermoelastic interactions in an elastic infinite medium with cylindrical cavity at an elevated temperature field arising out of a ramp-type heating and loading bounding surface of the cavity, and the surface is assumed initially quiescent. The governing equations are taken in a unified system from which the field equations for coupled thermoelasticity as well as for generalized thermoelasticity can be easily obtained as particular cases. Due attention has been paid to the finite time of rise of temperature, stress, displacement, and strain. The problem has been solved analytically using a direct approach. The derived analytical expressions have been computed for a specific situation. Numerical results for the temperature distribution, thermal stress, displacement, and strain are represented graphically. A comparison is made with the results predicted by the three theories.     

Cosserat interphase models for elasticity with application to the interphase bonding a spherical inclusion to an infinite matrix

Interphases are often modeled as interfaces with zero thickness using jump conditions that can be developed based on approximate shell or membrane models which are valid for specific limited ranges of the elastic material parameters. For a two-dimensional problem it has been shown (Rubin and Benveniste, 2004) that the Cosserat model of a finite thickness interphase is a unified model that is accurate over the full range of elastic parameters. In contrast, many other interphase models are valid for only limited ranges of the elastic parameters. In this paper, the accuracy of different Cosserat models of a finite thickness interphase that connects a spherical inclusion to an infinite matrix is examined. Specifically, four Cosserat interphase models are considered: a general shell (GS)$(\mathit{GS})$, a membrane-like shell (MS)$(\mathit{MS})$, a simple shell (SS)$(\mathit{SS})$ and a generalized membrane (GM)$(\mathit{GM})$. The models (GS)$(\mathit{GS})$ and (MS)$(\mathit{MS})$ both satisfy restrictions on the strain energy function of the interphase that ensure exact solutions for all homogeneous three-dimensional deformations, while the other models (SS)$(\mathit{SS})$ and (GM)$(\mathit{GM})$ do not satisfy these restrictions. The importance of these restrictions is examined for the three-dimensional inhomogeneous inclusion problem being considered. This is the first test of the accuracy of an elastic interphase model for a spherical interphase.     

Experimental studies on the dynamic stability of liquid in a spherical tank covered with diaphragm under vertical excitation

Experimental studies are conducted on the liquid sloshing characteristics in a spherical tank covered with a flexible diaphragm. A spherical acrylic tank with 145.2 mm radius is used as a test tank, and is filled with water. Silicon diaphragms, plane or hemispherical type, with 0.2 mm thickness are used as test diaphragms. The test tank is harmonically excited in the vertical direction by an electro-dynamic exciter. During the test, vibrations due to parametric instability occur when the excitation frequency is twice the natural frequency. Parametric instability regions for some natural modes are measured and are presented in the excitation frequency–excitation acceleration diagram for three cases: liquid surface is uncovered (i.e., free surface), covered with a plane diaphragm, and covered with a hemispherical diaphragm, with the volume of filling water being changed appropriately.     

Impact of a spherical rigid body on the surface of a cavity in a compressible liquid: An axisymmetric problem

The shock interaction of a spherical rigid body with a spherical cavity is studied. This nonstationary mixed boundary-value problem with an unknown boundary is reduced to an infinite system of linear Volterra equations of the second kind and the differential equation of motion of the body. The hydrodynamic and kinematic characteristics of the process are obtained __________ Translated from Prikladnaya Mekhanika, Vol. 44, No. 1, pp. 11–19, January 2008.