Coherent NMR responses in spin systems with complex spectral structure

We show that for nonresonant excitation of a quantum system, with an NMR spectrum consisting of two inhomogeneously broadened lines, by a combination of an extended and a short delta-shaped pulse, in the free-precession and spin-echo signals after the second pulse we observe the effect of doubling of the additional emission signals. We establish that the nature of this effect is due to zero beats arising when the variable oscillation frequency of the magnetic moments of the material matches the detuning of the pulse carrier frequency from the resonant frequencies of the spectral lines. Within the theory obtained, we propose a formula which we can use, if we know the times at which the additional emission signals arise, to very accurately determine the frequency shift of the lines in the complex spectrum of the material. The theoretical results agree well with experimental data on generation of multiple NMR signals in toluene, the spectrum of which consists of two non-overlapping lines. __________ Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 73, No. 3, pp. 304–308, May–June, 2006.     

Coherent Exchange Cluster Approach for two-dimensional disordered Heisenberg spin systems

The spin wave properties of disordered two-dimensional and quasi two-dimensional disordered Heisenberg spin systems, with a ferromagnetic ground state induced by single-ion anisotropy, are discussed within a Coherent Exchange Cluster Approach (Cluster CEA). The configuration averaged Green's function is described by an effective spin wave Hamiltonian, with complex and energy dependent coherent exchange integrals , where, depends only on the distance of the sitesl andm Considering only nearest neighbour clusters, the more distant exchange is neglected, whereas the nearest neighbour coherent exchange integral is determined by the self-consistency requirement that the most important matrix elements of the scatteringT matrix vanish when the configuration averaging has been performed. The approximations inherent within this approach are discussed, and it is argued that it is practically impossible to improve it essentially.The results of numerical calculations for the square lattice are presented: The parameters have been chosen as to discuss, in a somewhat hypothetical way, the properties of Fe–Ni monolayers on a Cu substrate, especially for dominating Fe concentration, where experiments are still lacking. In contrast to the oversimplified standard Single Bond CEA, the Cluster CEA yields a considerable structure within the density of states. Furthermore, for the almost dilute case, with Ni concentrationc _Ni=0.2 and exchange integralsJ _{Ni, Fe}=2.5·J _{Ni, Ni},J _{Fe, Fe}=0.3·J _{Ni, Ni}, there is even a gap, as expected from exact calculations for isolated impurities. Even within this case, the Green's functions and self-energies are analytic, in contrast to certain generalizations of the well-known CPA method for electronic systems.Concerning the critical concentrations for the appearance of a spin wave instability with negative Fe–Fe exchange, the Cluster CEA yields much better results than the Single Bond CEA.     

Coherent Exchange Cluster Approach for two-dimensional disordered Heisenberg spin systems

The spin wave properties of disordered two-dimensional and quasi two-dimensional Heisenberg spin systems, with an antiferromagnetic ground state (Neèl state) induced by single-ion anisotropy, are discussed within a Coherent Exchange Cluster Approach (Cluster CEA).The configuration averaged Green's functions are described by an effective spin wave Hamiltonian, with two sets of complex and energy dependent coherent exchange integralsJ _lm ¹ (E) andJ _lm ² (E) appropriate to the consideration of two different spins of the binary alloy constituents.J _lm ¹ andJ _lm ² , depending only on the distance of the sitesl andm, are taken to be non zero only for nearest neighbours. The remaining two quantitiesJ ¹(E) andJ ²(E) are determined self-consistently from the requirement that the most important matrix elements of the scatteringT matrix vanish when the configuration averaging has been performed.Numerical results are presented for the antiferromagnetic quasi two-dimensional systems K₂Ni _c Mn_1-c F₄ and Rb₂Fe _c Mn_1-c F₄.Both the density of states and the transverse susceptibilities, determining essentially the neutron scattering cross-sections, are calculated.The density of spin wave states for K₂Ni _c Mn_1-c F₄ is compared for different concentrations with exact computer calculations for finite 30 × 30 arrays. The agreement is excellent.Based on the thesis of H.J. Schlichting, Fachbereich Physik der Universität Hamburg, 1974.     

Coherent spin precession in normal Fermi liquids

In the collisionless limit the Fermi liquid interaction gives rise to nondissipative spin currents. Due to these currents, a coherently precessing spin state may be formed in NMR-experiments with normal Fermi liquids. This state consists of two domains separated by a coherently precessing domain wall. In one of the domains the magnetization is oriented along, and in the other opposite, to the direction of the magnetic field. Such a state has been studied in NMR-experiments in liquid³He and³He-⁴He solutions. The conditions necessary for the formation of the state are considered. Possible other substances in which similar states may be observed are discussed.     

Coherent collisional spin dynamics in optical lattices

We report on the observation of coherent, purely collisionally driven spin dynamics of neutral atoms in an optical lattice. For high lattice depths, atom pairs confined to the same lattice site show weakly damped Rabi-type oscillations between two-particle Zeeman states of equal magnetization, induced by spin-changing collisions. Moreover, measurement of the oscillation frequency allows for precise determination of the spin-changing collisional coupling strengths, which are directly related to fundamental scattering lengths describing interatomic collisions at ultracold temperatures.     

Coherent spin dynamics in spin-imbalanced ferromagnetic spinor condensates

We study the coherent spin dynamics of a ferromagnetic spinor Bose–Einstein condensate(BEC)in its domain formation process with an arbitrary spin configuration.Through a simplified schematic view of the domain structure,a semiclassical theory that captures the essential dynamics of the system is presented,and the coherent spin mixing dynamics can be understood in terms of oscillation in the phase space diagram.Using the phase diagram analysis method,we identify new phases,including theπphase oscillation and the running phase for the spin-imbalanced ferromagnetic spinor BEC.     

Relaxation effects in weakly-coupled three spin systems by double resonance

Nuclear magnetic double-resonance spectra of weakly-coupled spin systems exhibit several interesting features. The effect of relaxation on the symmetry properties of double resonance spectra of weakly-coupled spin systems is investigated using spin inversion operators. The double-resonance spectra of the AX₂ type systems formed by the protons in (I) 1,1,2-trichloroethane and in (II) 2,2-dichloroethanol (excluding the hydroxyl proton) exhibit these symmetry effects. In both these molecules relaxation is contributed by several mechanisms. In sample II the effect of the exchanging proton in the hydroxyl group is also considered and the exchange time is estimated.     

Coherent spin states and energy-phase uncertainty relation

In analogy to what has been done for the quantum harmonic oscillator, two non-commuting phase operators cos Φ and spin Φ are here defined for a multi-spin system in terms of the angular momentum operators. These operators are used to introduce a satisfactory energy-phase uncertainty relation. In the classical limit it is possible to establish a correspondence between the phase operators cos Φ and sin Φ and the classical functions cos ? and sin ?, where ? is the azimuthal angle of the angular momentum. First results are reported indicating that the coherent spin states satisfy, in the classical limit, the energy-phase minimum-uncertainty relations here introduced.     

Low-temperature heat capacity of a dipole spin glass

Low-temperature behavior of the heat capacity of a dipole spin glass is studied analytically. Different contributions to the heat capacity are investigated, their comparison is performed, and their relationship with experimental data is analyzed.     

Semiclassical Boltzmann theory of spin Hall effects in giant Rashba systems

For the spin Hall effect arising from strong band-structure spin–orbit coupling, a semiclassical Boltzmann theory reasonably addressing the intriguing disorder effect called side-jump has not yet been developed. This paper describes such a theory in which the key ingredient is the spin-current counterpart of the semiclassical side-jump velocity (introduced in the context of the anomalous Hall effect). Applying this theory to spin Hall effects in a two-dimensional electron gas with giant Rashba spin–orbit coupling, largely enhanced spin Hall angle is found in the presence of magnetic impurities when only the lower Rashba band is partially occupied.     

Magnetodielectric effects from spin fluctuations in isostructural ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic systems

We report on the effects of spin fluctuations, magnetic ordering, and external magnetic field on the dielectric constant of the ferromagnet SeCuO3, and the antiferromagnet TeCuO3. A model based on the coupling between uniform polarization and the q-dependent spin-spin correlation function is presented to explain the different behaviors for these isostructural compounds. The large magnetocapacitance near the transition temperature in the ferromagnet SeCuO3 suggests routes to enhancing the magnetodielectric response for practical applications.     

Collective spin excitations in 2D paramagnet with dipole interaction

The collective spin excitations in the unbounded 2D paramagnetic system with dipole interactions are studied. The model Hamiltonian includes Zeeman energy and dipole interaction energy, while the exchange vanishes. The system is placed into a constant uniform magnetic field which is orthogonal to the lattice plane. It provides the equilibrium state with spin ordering along the field direction, and the saturation is reached at zero temperature. We consider the deviations of spin magnetic moments from its equilibrium position along the external field. The Holstein-Primakoff representation is applied to spin operators in low-temperature approximation. When the interaction between the spin waves is negligible and only two-magnon terms are taken into account, the Hamiltonian diagonalisation is possible. We obtain the dispersion relation for spin waves in the square and hexagonal honeycomb lattice. Bose-Einstein statistics determine the average number of spin deviations, and total system magnetization. The lattice structure does not influence on magnetization at the long-wavelength limit. The dependencies of the relative magnetization and longitudinal susceptibility on temperature and external field intensity are found. The internal energy and specific heat of the Bose gas of spin waves are calculated. The collective spin excitations play a significant role in the properties of the paramagnetic system at low temperature and strong external magnetic field.     

Electric dipole spin resonance for heavy holes in quantum dots

We propose and analyze a new method for manipulation of a heavy-hole spin in a quantum dot. Because of spin-orbit coupling between states with different orbital momenta and opposite spin orientations, an applied rf electric field induces transitions between spin-up and spin-down states. This scheme can be used for detection of heavy-hole spin resonance signals, for the control of the spin dynamics in two-dimensional systems, and for determining important parameters of heavy holes such as the effective g factor, mass, spin-orbit coupling constants, spin relaxation, and decoherence times.     

Coherent transfer of spin through a semiconductor heterointerface

Spin transport between two semiconductors of widely different band gaps is time resolved by two-color pump-probe optical spectroscopy. Electron spin coherence is created in a GaAs substrate and subsequently appears in an adjacent ZnSe epilayer at temperatures ranging from 5 to 300 K. The data show that spin information can be protected by transport to regions of low spin decoherence, and regional boundaries used to control the resulting spin coherent phase.     

Dynamic magnetization reversal in dipole systems

The possibility of magnetization reversal in two different systems of magnetic dipoles by preliminary excitation of certain oscillatory regimes is demonstrated using numerical analysis of bistable states of these systems. Cyclic magnetization reversal of the systems is executed by sequential alternation of the frequency of the applied ac field. The interaction of two ring-shaped dipole systems is analyzed and peculiarities of the change in the total magnetic moments induced by this interaction are revealed.     

Coherent single electron spin control in a slanting Zeeman field

We consider a single electron in a 1D quantum dot with a static slanting Zeeman field. By combining the spin and orbital degrees of freedom of the electron, an effective quantum two-level (qubit) system is defined. This pseudospin can be coherently manipulated by the voltage applied to the gate electrodes, without the need for an external time-dependent magnetic field or spin-orbit coupling. Single-qubit rotations and the controlled-NOT operation can be realized. We estimated the relaxation (T1) and coherence (T2) times and the (tunable) quality factor. This scheme implies important experimental advantages for single electron spin control.     

Coherent exchange correlation in quantum systems

A number of exchange correlation effects in quantum systems are discussed from a unified point of view. These effects can be observed at both microscopic and macroscopic distances. The analysis of macroscopic correlation effects requires an understanding of the physical mechanism of exchange correlation. This, in turn, requires an analysis of the phase relationships between the wave functions of quantum states that determine the observed physical quantities. The neglect of these phase relationships in the interpretation of correlation experiments gave rise to assumptions such as instantaneous long-range interaction and other similar ideas that contradict the traditional physical principles of short-range interaction, causality, and locality. On the contrary, understanding the physical nature of the correlation mechanism makes it possible to explain these experiments without these kinds of ideas.