Analytical and numerical solution of multi-term nonlinear differential equations of arbitrary orders

We are concerned here with a nonlinear multi-term fractional differential equation (FDE). The existence of a unique solution will be proved. Convergence analysis of Adomian decomposition method (ADM) applied to these type of equations is discussed. Convergence analysis is reliable enough to estimate the maximum absolute truncated error of Adomian’s series solution. Some numerical examples are given, their ADM solutions are compared with a numerical method solutions. This numerical method is introduced in Podlubny (Fractional Differential Equations, Chap. 8, Academic Press, San Diego, 1999).     

Analytical approximate solution of the cooling problem by Adomian decomposition method

The Adomian decomposition method (ADM) can provide analytical approximation or approximated solution to a rather wide class of nonlinear (and stochastic) equations without linearization, perturbation, closure approximation, or discretization methods. In the present work, ADM is employed to solve the momentum and energy equations for laminar boundary layer flow over flat plate at zero incidences with neglecting the frictional heating. A trial and error strategy has been used to obtain the constant coefficient in the approximated solution. ADM provides an analytical solution in the form of an infinite power series. The effect of Adomian polynomial terms is considered and shows that the accuracy of results is increased with the increasing of Adomian polynomial terms. The velocity and thermal profiles on the boundary layer are calculated. Also the effect of the Prandtl number on the thermal boundary layer is obtained. Results show ADM can solve the nonlinear differential equations with negligible error compared to the exact solution.     

The Convergence Analysis of the Decomposition Method for the (1+1)-Parabolic Problem in Nonuniform Media

A modified Adomian decomposition method is used to find approximate solutions for the reaction diffusion convection equation in nonuniform medium, i.e., with space-dependent coefficients. In this approach, the solutions are found in the form of a convergent power series with easily computed components. Convergence analysis of modified Adomian series solution for a class of these type of PDEs is discussed.     

A new analytical technique to solve Volterra's integral equations

The purpose of the present paper is to show that the well‐known homotopy analysis method for solving ordinary and partial differential equations can be applied to solve linear and nonlinear integral equations of Volterra's type with high accuracy as well. Comparison of the present method with Adomian decomposition method (ADM), a well‐known method to solve integral equations, reveals that the ADM is only especial case of the present method. Furthermore, some illustrating examples such as linear, nonlinear and singular integral equations of Volterra's type are given to show high efficiency with reliable accuracy of the method. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Mathematical studies of the solution of Burgers' equations by Adomian decomposition method

In this paper, a novel Adomian decomposition method (ADM) is developed for the solution of Burgers' equation. While high level of this method for differential equations are found in the literature, this work covers most of the necessary details required to apply ADM for partial differential equations. The present ADM has the capability to produce three different types of solutions, namely, explicit exact solution, analytic solution, and semi-analytic solution. In the best cases, when a closed-form solution exists, ADM is able to capture this exact solution, while most of the numerical methods can only provide an approximation solution. The proposed ADM is validated using different test cases dealing with inviscid and viscous Burgers' equations. Satisfactory results are obtained for all test cases, and, particularly, results reported in this paper agree well with those reported by other researchers.     

Homotopy analysis method to determine the fin efficiency of convective straight fins with temperature-dependent thermal conductivity

Most engineering problems, especially heat transfer equations, are mostly nonlinear. Homotopy analysis method (HAM) has been applied to solve many differential equations. In this paper, we use HAM to detect the fin efficiency of convective straight fins with temperature-dependent thermal conductivity. The results of the homotopy analysis method are compared with those of the exact solution and Adomian’s decomposition method (ADM) solved by Cihat Arslanturk.     

The approximate and exact solutions of the space- and time-fractional Burgers equations with initial conditions by variational iteration method

In this paper, a scheme is developed to study numerical solution of the space- and time-fractional Burgers equations with initial conditions by the variational iteration method (VIM). The exact and numerical solutions obtained by the variational iteration method are compared with that obtained by Adomian decomposition method (ADM). The results show that the variational iteration method is much easier, more convenient, and more stable and efficient than Adomian decomposition method. Numerical solutions are calculated for the fractional Burgers equation to show the nature of solution as the fractional derivative parameter is changed.     

Series Solutions of Systems of Nonlinear Fractional Differential Equations

Differential equations of fractional order appear in many applications in physics, chemistry and engineering. An effective and easy-to-use method for solving such equations is needed. In this paper, series solutions of the FDEs are presented using the homotopy analysis method (HAM). The HAM provides a convenient way of controlling the convergence region and rate of the series solution. It is confirmed that the HAM series solutions contain the Adomian decomposition method (ADM) solution as special cases.      

New technique to avoid “noise terms” on the solutions of inhomogeneous differential equations by using Adomian decomposition method

In this paper we present a new technique to get the solutions of inhomogeneous differential equations using Adomian decomposition method (ADM) without noise terms. We construct an appropriate differential equations for the inhomogeneity function which must be contains the integral variable, and convert all of these differential equations (original differential equation and the constructed differential equations) to augmented system of first-order differential equations. The ADM is using to solve the augmented system and the initial conditions are taken as initial approximations. Generally, the closed form of the exact solution or its expansion is obtained without any noise terms. Several differential equations will be tested to confirm the newly developed technique.     

A new convergence proof of the Adomian decomposition method for a mixed hyperbolic elliptic system of conservation laws

In this paper, we propose a new convergence proof of the Adomian’s decomposition method (ADM), applied to the generalized nonlinear system of partial differential equations (PDE’s) based on new formula for Adomian polynomials. The decomposition scheme obtained from the ADM yields an analytical solution in the form of a rapidly convergent series for a system of conservation laws. Systems of conservation laws is presented, we obtain the stability of the approximate solution when the system changes type. We show with an explicit example that the latter property is true for general Cauchy problem satisfying convergence hypothesis. The results indicate that the ADM is effective and promising.     

ADM-Padé technique for the nonlinear lattice equations

ADM-Padé technique is a combination of Adomian decomposition method (ADM) and Padé approximants. We solve two nonlinear lattice equations using the technique which gives the approximate solution with higher accuracy and faster convergence rate than using ADM alone. Bell-shaped solitary solution of Belov–Chaltikian (BC) lattice and kink-shaped solitary solution of the nonlinear self-dual network equations (SDNEs) are presented. Comparisons are made between approximate solutions and exact solutions to illustrate the validity and the great potential of the technique.     

Adomian decomposition and Padé approximate for solving differential-difference equation

In this paper, we apply the Adomian decomposition method and Padé-approximate to solving the differential-difference equations (DDEs) for the first time. A simple but typical example is used to illustrate the validity and the great potential of the Adomian decomposition method (ADM) in solving DDEs. Comparisons are made between the results of the proposed method and exact solutions. The results show that ADM is an attractive method in solving the differential-difference equations.     

The solution of linear and nonlinear systems of Volterra functional equations using Adomian–Pade technique

The purpose of this study is to implement Adomian–Pade (Modified Adomian–Pade) technique, which is a combination of Adomian decomposition method (Modified Adomian decomposition method) and Pade approximation, for solving linear and nonlinear systems of Volterra functional equations. The results obtained by using Adomian–Pade (Modified Adomian–Pade) technique, are compared to those obtained by using Adomian decomposition method (Modified Adomian decomposition method) alone. The numerical results, demonstrate that ADM–PADE (MADM–PADE) technique, gives the approximate solution with faster convergence rate and higher accuracy than using the standard ADM (MADM).     

A new analytical technique to solve Fredholm’s integral equations

This paper shows that the homotopy analysis method, the well-known method to solve ODEs and PDEs, can be applied as well as to solve linear and nonlinear integral equations with high accuracy. Comparison of the present method with Adomian decomposition method (ADM), which is well-known in solving integral equations, reveals that the ADM is only special case of the present method. Also, some linear and nonlinear examples are presented to show high efficiency and illustrate the steps of the problem resolution.     

Construction of solutions for mixed hyperbolic elliptic Riemann initial value system of conservation laws

In this paper, we apply Adomian decomposition method (ADM) to develop a fast and accurate algorithm for systems of conservation laws of mixed hyperbolic elliptic type. The solutions of our model equations are calculated in the form of convergent power series with easily computable components. The results obtained are compared with our Modification of Adomian decomposition method (MADM) Az-Zo’bi and Al-Khaled (2010) [1]. The study outlines the significant features of the two methods. With application to van der Waals system, we obtain the stability of the approximate solutions graphically when the system changes type with more efficiency of the MADM.     

Homotopy analysis method for singular IVPs of Emden–Fowler type

In this paper, approximate and/or exact analytical solutions of singular initial value problems (IVPs) of the Emden–Fowler type in the second-order ordinary differential equations (ODEs) are obtained by the homotopy analysis method (HAM). The HAM solutions contain an auxiliary parameter which provides a convenient way of controlling the convergence region of the series solutions. It is shown that the solutions obtained by the Adomian decomposition method (ADM) and the homotopy-perturbation method (HPM) are only special cases of the HAM solutions.     

Numerical solution of singular boundary value problems using Green’s function and improved decomposition method

In this work, an effective technique for solving a class of singular two point boundary value problems is proposed. This technique is based on the Adomian decomposition method (ADM) and Green’s function. The technique relies on constructing Green’s function before establishing the recursive scheme for the solution components. In contrast to the existing recursive schemes based on ADM, the proposed recursive scheme avoids solving a sequence of nonlinear algebraic or transcendental equations for the undetermined coefficients. The approximate solution is obtained in the form of series with easily calculable components. For the completeness, the convergence and error analysis of the proposed scheme is supplemented. Moreover, the numerical examples are included to demonstrate the accuracy, applicability, and generality of the proposed scheme. The results reveal that the method is very effective, straightforward, and simple.     

The Adomian decomposition method with Green’s function for solving nonlinear singular boundary value problems

In this paper, we present an efficient numerical algorithm for solving a general class of nonlinear singular boundary value problems. This present algorithm is based on the Adomian decomposition method (ADM) and Green’s function. The method depends on constructing Green’s function before establishing the recursive scheme. In contrast to the existing recursive schemes based on ADM, the proposed numerical algorithm avoids solving a sequence of transcendental equations for the undetermined coefficients. The approximate series solution is calculated in the form of series with easily computable components. Moreover, the convergence analysis and error estimation of the proposed method is given. Furthermore, the numerical examples are included to demonstrate the accuracy, applicability, and generality of the proposed scheme. The numerical results reveal that the proposed method is very effective.     

An efficient method for analyzing the solutions of the Korteweg-de Vries equation

A new iterative method is applied to study the solutions of the Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equation. The method is a modified form of the well known Adomian decomposition method (ADM), where it avoids the difficulty of computing the Adomian polynomials. We prove the existence of a unique solution of the KdV equation. And then, we show that the new method generates an infinite series which converges uniformly to the exact solution of the problem. Soliton solutions of the KdV equation are obtained by the new method. Numerical calculations indicate the effectiveness of the new method where the obtained results are very accurate and better than the ones obtained by the ADM.     

Solution of a system of nonlinear equations by Adomian decomposition method

In this paper, the Adomian decomposition method is applied to solve a system of nonlinear equations. Convergence of the method is proved and some examples are presented to illustrate the method.