Measurement of the terrestrial ozone concentration by absorption UV spectroscopy

The conditions allowing one to measure the concentration of terrestrial ozone by the open-path DOAS method using a zero line are considered. A technique based on measuring signals at two wavelengths, at least one of which belongs to the ozone absorption UV band, is described. The error of measurements has been estimated. A block-diagram of the optical “open-path” meter for measuring the terrestrial ozone concentration, TrIO-2, is presented. __________ Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 72, No. 6, pp. 832–836, November–December, 2005.     

Atmospheric ozone concentration measurement by UV light-emitting diode radiation absorption

The concentration of ozone produced in the atmosphere under mercury lamp light is measured using an UV light-emitting diode by the absorption spectrum in the range of 260–270 nm. The absorbance and ozone concentration measurement sensitivity is k = 8 · 10^?7 cm^?1 and ～3 ppbv, respectively.     

Modification of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene by UV irradiation in reactive and inert atmosphere

The surface properties of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) can be modified by 172 nm excimer lamp irradiation in ammonia (NH₃) or acetylene (C₂H₂) atmosphere. This surface modification is either related to the substitution of fluorine by nitrogen- and/or hydrogen-containing groups or to the deposition of material from the gas phase. Additional oxygen-containing functionalities are incorporated by reactions with the residual gas and/or oxidation in air after treatment. The changes in surface properties are discussed on the basis of water contact-angle measurements, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and IR spectroscopy on dense PTFE samples. Surface modification yields a reduction of the tear strength and break-down elongation in tensile tests. Field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) revealed that the tensile failure occurred at the contact of fibrils and nodes in the material. With 193 nm ArF excimer-laser irradiation in NH₃ atmosphere, both the modification efficiency and material degradation are considerably lower. PACS 68.47.Mn; 82.50.Hp; 82.30.Rs; 87.15.La     

A generalized exp-function method for multiwave solutions of sine-Gordon equation

In this paper, the exp-function method is generalized to sine-Gordon (sG) equation and single-, double- and three-wave solutions are obtained. It is shown that the generalized exp-function method combined with appropriate anstaz may provide a straightforward, effective and alternative method for constructing multiwave solutions of some nonlinear partial differential equations.     

Microwave energy channeling in plasma waveguides created by a high-power UV laser in the atmosphere

The grazing mode of microwave propagation in a hollow plasma waveguide formed by ionization of atmospheric air with a small easily ionized additive by strong UV pulses of the Garpun KrF laser (λ = 248 nm, the pulse duration and energy are ∼70 ns and ∼50 J) was experimentally demonstrated for the first time. The annular laser beam produced a hollow tube ∼10 cm in diameter with an electron density of ∼10¹² cm⁻³ in a plasma wall ∼1 cm thick, over whichmicrowave radiation with λ _mw ∼ 8 mm was transmitted to a distance of 60 m. Themicrowave signal transmitted by the waveguide was amplified by a factor of 6 in comparison with propagation in free space.     

甲霜灵手性异构体比例的紫外光谱法快速测定

用β-环糊精作为手性选择试剂,利用甲霜灵中R和S异构体与β-环糊精相互作用强弱不同而导致的紫外-可见光谱的差异来检测甲霜灵手性异构体的比例,偏最小二乘法建立甲霜灵手性异构体比例的定量模型,并对模型效果进行评价。甲霜灵-环糊精体系中甲霜灵R-异构体比例的定量模型校正集的决定系数R2为0.999 0,校正集标准偏差SEC为0.006 7,相对标准偏差RSD为0.89%;外部检验集6个样品的预测值与化学值的相关系数为0.998 5,外部检验集标准差SEP为0.008 9,相对标准偏差RSD为1.17%,本方法简单快速,具有重要的实际应用价值。     

Initiation of combustion of a hydrogen-air mixture with ozone impurity by UV laser radiation

The ignition kinetics of hydrogen-air mixtures with a small amount (0.5%) of ozone that are exposed to laser radiation with wavelength λ _I = 248.4 nm is analyzed. The formation of excited O(¹ D) atoms and O₂(a ¹Δ _g ) molecules due to O₃ molecule photodissociation is shown to greatly intensify the chain reactions and noticeably decrease the induction period and ignition temperature compared with the case when the radiation is absent even if the radiation energy applied to the gas is low, E _s = 0.5?1.0 eV per O₃ molecule. The efficiency of such a way of combustion initiation is much higher than at local heating of the medium by laser radiation but, at the same time, is considerably lower than the efficiency of the method based on excitation of O₃ molecule asymmetric oscillations.     

激光雷达测量大气温度的傅里叶分析方法

 在对流层(小于12km），由于大气中气溶胶的存在，传统的利用大气中瑞利散射光谱测量大气温度的方法具有一定的局限性。借助傅里叶分析方法对不同高度的大气后向散射光谱通过碘吸收池所产生的不同透过率曲线进行处理，同时考虑了对流层中气溶胶的影响，可得到对流层中不同高度、不同大气后向散射比条件下的温度轮廓线。     

激光雷达测量大气温度的傅里叶分析方法

在对流层(小于12km）,由于大气中气溶胶的存在,传统的利用大气中瑞利散射光谱测量大气温度的方法具有一定的局限性。借助傅里叶分析方法对不同高度的大气后向散射光谱通过碘吸收池所产生的不同透过率曲线进行处理,同时考虑了对流层中气溶胶的影响,可得到对流层中不同高度、不同大气后向散射比条件下的温度轮廓线。     

Calculation of properties of the ozone molecule by the multiconfigurational self-consistent field method

For the ground state of the ozone molecule, by using the multiconfigurational self-consistent field method, we calculated the electric and magnetic properties — quadrupole moment, polarizability, tensor of magnetic susceptibility, nuclear quadrupole interaction constant, and the rotational g-factor. Qualitative agreement between the calculated parameters and experimental values was obtained. The tensors of chemical shielding in the spectrum of the nuclear magnetic resonance for the ¹⁷O isotopes have also been predicted (without allowance for the contribution made by the spin of the electrons). __________ Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 72, No. 6, pp. 713–716, November–December, 2005.     

星基大气探测资料信息容量研究

通过引入信息容量的概念,并借助Bayesian估计理论,给出了星载探测资料中所包含的如温度,湿度,O₃,SO₂,CH₄等大气参数的信息容量的计算方案,该方法充分考虑了仪器各通道对反演参数的敏感性、各通道的观测误差特性以及背景场的误差特性;然后利用该方法对HIRS,AMSU,AIRS,IAIS四种仪器以及三种组合所包含的大气温度、湿度的信息容量进行了计算,得到十分有价值的结果,该方法预期在星载大气探测仪器的设计、各仪器的评估与比较、探测资料的 关键词： 大气探测资料 信息容量 权函数矩阵     

Efficiency of the barrier-discharge UV Xe: SF6 lamp

The efficiency of the barrier-discharge UV lamp filled with a Xe/SF₆ = 50: 1 mixture is studied as a function of the pressure in the mixture (ranging from 40 to 180 Torr) and electrode distance (3–11 mm). It is shown that, if the product pd is constant, the power of the discharge and the intensity of the UV radiation (354 nm) decrease with increasing pressure and shrinking the electrode gap. The maximal efficiency of the lamp (6–8%) is reached in the pressure range 30–50 Torr.     

蒙特卡罗模拟光通过大气后的时间分布

采用蒙特卡罗方法模拟了光通过光学特性参数不同的大气后透射光时间分布。分析了大气的散射系数、吸收系数、不对称因子及折射率对透射光时间分布的影响。结果表明：透射光时间分布曲线存在两个峰,分别对应子弹光与漫射光。各光学参数界定了子弹光、蛇形光、漫射光的大小和时间范围,并从统计模拟的角度解释了折射率大的大气中难以成像的原因。     

Surface Oxygen Adsorption and Electric Property of Hydrogen-Terminated Single Crystal Diamonds by UV/ozone Treatment

Surface terminations of diamond play an important role in determining the electric properties of diamond-based electronic devices.We report an ultraviolet/ozone(UV/ozone) treatment process on hydrogen-terminated single crystal diamond(H-diamond) to modulate the carrier behavior related to varying oxygen adsorption on surfaces.By UV/ozone treatments,the induced oxygen radicals are chemically adsorbed on the H-terminated diamond and replace the original adsorbed H,which is analyzed by x-ray photoe...     

蒙特卡罗模拟光通过大气后的时间分布

采用蒙特卡罗方法模拟了光通过光学特性参数不同的大气后透射光时间分布.分析了大气的散射系数、吸收系数、不对称因子及折射率对透射光时间分布的影响.结果表明:透射光时间分布曲线存在两个峰,分别对应子弹光与漫射光.各光学参数界定了子弹光、蛇形光、漫射光的大小和时间范围,并从统计模拟的角度解释了折射率大的大气中难以成像的因为.