碱性桃红探针吸收光谱法测定吡哌酸

建立了测定药物及生物样品中吡哌酸的单波长和双波长可见吸收光谱法。在可见光区和pH 6.63 Tris-HCl介质中,吡哌酸与碱性桃红反应生成红色二元离子缔合物,产生一个较强的正吸收峰和一个较强的负吸收峰,最大正吸收峰位于576 nm,最大负吸收峰位于522 nm,在此二波长处,两单波长法的线性范围均为0.02～3.7 mg·L~(-1),表观摩尔吸光系数(κ)分别为4.37×10~4 L·mol~(-1)·cm~(-1)和1.08×10~4 L·mol~(-1)·cm~(-1)。当用双波长法测定时,线性范围为0.02～3.7 mg·L~(-1),表观摩尔吸光系数(κ)为5.45×10~4 L·mol~(-1)·cm~(-1)。将576 nm处的单波长法用于药物中吡哌酸含量的测定,回收率和相对标准偏差(n=5)分别为97.5%～102%和2.5%～2.8%。     

1,3,5,7-四甲基-2,6-二乙酯基-8-(3’,4’-二氨苯基)-二氟化硼-二吡咯甲烷荧光光度法灵敏测定血液中亚硝基硫醇

S-亚硝基硫醇在生物体内具有传递信号、改变蛋白质的结构和功能、阻止有害物质对细胞的伤害等重要的生理作用.建立了一种灵敏、简单的应用荧光探针1,3,5,7-四甲基-2,6-二乙酯基-8-(3',4'-二氨苯基)-二氟化硼-二吡咯甲烷标记并测定S-亚硝基硫醇的荧光光度法:在1.0×10-4mol/L Hg2+存在下,荧光探针与S-亚硝基硫醇在30℃反应15min生成衍生物,在激发和发射波长分别为500nm和510nm处测定其荧光强度.荧光强度和S-亚硝基硫醇的浓度在(8.0～800.0)×10-9mol/L范围内成良好的线性关系.当信噪比等于3时,方法的检出限为6.0×10-10mol/L.该方法对健康人与心血管疾病患者血液中S-亚硝基硫醇的测定的加标回收率为97.46%～103.10%.     

高效液相色谱法测定间硝基苯磺酸还原制备间氨基苯磺酸过程中的间氨基苯磺酸和间硝基苯磺酸

提出了测定间硝基苯磺酸还原制备间氨基苯磺酸生产过程中间氨基苯磺酸和间硝基苯磺酸的高效液相色谱法。采用kromasil C_(18)色谱柱(150 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)分离,以0.10 mol·L~(-1)的磷酸二氢铵溶液为流动相,紫外检测波长为236 nm。间氨基苯磺酸和间硝基苯磺酸的线性范围分别为4.0×10~(-5)~2.4×10~(-4),8.0×10~(-5)~4.0×10~(-4)mol·L~(-1),检出限(3S/N)分别为1.5×10~(-6),3.5×10~(-6)mol·L~(-1),测定下限(10S/N)分别为5.0×10~(-6),1.0×10~(-5)mol·L~(-1)。加标回收率在95.3%~102%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)在0.86%~2.6%之间。     

荧光光谱法测定氧氟沙星的含量

室温下,4.0×10~(-6)mol·L~(-1)氧氟沙星溶液5mL与8.0×10~(-6)mol·L~(-1)茜素红溶液5mL发生电荷转移反应30min后生成稳定的络合物,并能产生荧光,络合物的最大激发波长为303nm,最大发射波长为508nm,络合物的组成为1比1。基于此建立了测定氧氟沙星的荧光光谱法。氧氟沙星的浓度在2.0×10~(-7)~4.0×10~(-6)mol·L~(-1)范围内与络合物的荧光强度呈线性关系,方法的检出限为9.1×10-9 mol·L~(-1)。加标回收率在96.0%~101%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=5)小于2%。利用本法测定氧氟沙星药片中氧氟沙星的含量,测定值与标示值相符。     

5,10,15-三苯基-20-吡啶基卟啉荧光猝灭法测定痕量铅

:试验制备了一种荧光试剂5,10,15-三苯基-20-吡啶基卟啉(TPPyP),该试剂激发光谱(λ_(ex))为420nm时,在650nm波长处有发射光谱(λ_(em))峰。当试剂与铅(Ⅱ)反应时产生荧光猝灭现象。提出了以此试剂为荧光探针测定痕量铅(Ⅱ)的荧光光度法。在邻苯二甲酸盐-盐酸缓冲溶液中,一定量的十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTMAB)存在下,通过测定样品溶液和空白溶液在发射波长650nm的荧光强度,计算得反应液荧光强度的降低程度△F;结果表明:△F值与铅(Ⅱ)的质量浓度在1.0×10~(-4)～1.5×10~(-3)mg·L~(-1)范围内呈线性关系,方法的检出限(3s/k)为4.0×10~(-5)mg·L~(-1)。此方法用于膨化食品中铅(Ⅱ)的测定,回收率在95.0%～107.0%之间,相对标准偏差(n=6)小于3%。     

荧光分光光度法测定水中痕量钴和镍

试验合成了一种荧光试剂对-氨-苯基卟啉(TAPP),该试剂与钴(Ⅱ)离子和镍(Ⅱ)离子反应发生荧光淬灭,据此试验了以其为探针测定痕量钴(Ⅱ)和镍(Ⅱ)的荧光分光光度法。在pH7.2的Tris-盐酸缓冲介质中,在一定量的十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)存在下,通过测定样品溶液和空白溶液在激发波长392 nm和发射波长516 nm处的发射荧光强度F_s及F_0,计算得反应液荧光强度减弱程度△F,其结果表明:△F与钴(Ⅱ)和镍(Ⅱ)的浓度均在2.0×10~(-7)～1.0×10~(-5)mol·L~(-1)范围内呈线性关系,方法的检出限(3S/N)分别为2.0×10~(-8)mol·L~(-1)和4.0×10~(-8)mol·L~(-1)。此方法用于自然水体和污水中钴(Ⅱ)和镍(Ⅱ)的测定,回收率分别在97.0%～108.5%和97.0%～106.5%之间。     

应用荧光纳米颗粒测定痕量铜

制备了异硫氰酸罗丹明B(TRITC)荧光纳米颗粒,于pH 6.0的磷酸盐缓冲溶液中此荧光纳米颗粒在558 nm光的激发下,于586 nm波长处发射荧光.铜(Ⅱ)的存在可使此荧光纳米颗粒溶液的荧光发生猝灭.借此,构建了一种检测微量铜的方法.在最佳试验条件下,该方法测定铜的线性范围为5.00×10-5～3.50×10-4 mol·L-1,其回归方程为F/F0=8.425 2-1.009×10-6 c,检出限为3.55×10-5 mol·L-1.     

槲皮素-镓(Ⅲ)-十二烷基磺酸钠荧光体系及其在测定中药槐米、银杏叶、陈皮中黄酮的应用

在微酸性的酸度条件下,在SLS介质中镓(Ⅲ)与槲皮素形成n[镓(Ⅲ)]n(槲皮素)=11的黄色荧光络合物,激发波长为435.4 nm,发射波长为485.6 nm,槲皮素的浓度在4.0×10-7～3.2×10-6mol·L-1范围内与荧光强度呈线性关系,检出限为1.79×10-10mol·L-1.用该方法分析了几种中药,测定结果的RSD(n=8)值在0.23%～0.64%之间,回收率在90.1%～101.3%之间.     

一种检测盐酸美他环素的“关-开”型荧光探针的应用研究

本文构建了一种"关-开"型荧光探针可用于盐酸美他环素的高灵敏度检测.以杏仁为原料,通过一步水热法合成了水溶性好、荧光强烈的杏仁碳量子点(AM-CQDs),通过荧光光谱(FL)、红外光谱(FTIR)、紫外-可见光谱(UV-Vis)和X射线粉末衍射光谱(XRD)对其发光性能进行了表征.研究发现,KMnO_4的加入可以有效猝灭AM-CQDs的荧光,使体系的荧光信号"关闭";意外地发现盐酸美他环素能使猝灭后的AM-CQDs荧光定量恢复,实现了盐酸美他环素的高灵敏检测.结果表明,在9.0×10~(-8)～8.0×10~(-6) mol·L~(-1)浓度范围的盐酸美他环素与AM-CQDs的荧光恢复值呈现良好的线性关系,该方法的检出限为8.4×10~(-8) mol·L~(-1),加标回收率为98.4%～101.8%,结果令人满意.又对体系的"关-开"机理进行了探讨,发现AMCQDs与KMnO_4间的猝灭类型为动态猝灭.     

铜纳米簇荧光猝灭法测定林可霉素

以CuCl_2为原料,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)为模板,2-巯基苯并噻唑(MBT)为稳定剂,葡萄糖为还原剂,采用化学还原法制备一种新的铜纳米簇(Cu NCs)荧光探针,并用于快速检测林可霉素。该Cu NCs在激发波长为335 nm下,于发射波长为580 mm处发出黄绿色荧光,林可霉素通过与MBT反应,破坏了其对Cu NCs的保护作用使其荧光猝灭,且猝灭程度与林可霉素的含量成正比,据此建立了一种快速检测林可霉素的新方法。测定林可霉素最佳条件为:pH=5.0的HAc缓冲溶液,温度30℃下反应40 min。林可霉素的浓度分别在4.0×10~(-8)～8.0×10~(-7) mol/L和8.0×10~(-7)～2.0×10~(-5) mol/L范围内与荧光猝灭程度(ΔF)呈良好线性关系,方法的检出限为1.01×10~(-8) mol/L。采用本法和国家标准方法测定同一样品,t检验法结果P0.05,说明两种方法没有显著性差异。此纳米探针制作简单,原料便宜,用于盐酸林可霉素针剂和牛奶中林可霉素的检测,回收率为99.6%～103.4%。     

Highly sensitive fluorescence probes for nitric oxide based on boron dipyrromethene chromophore-rational design of potentially useful bioimaging fluorescence probe

Boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY) is known to have a high quantum yield (phi) of fluorescence in aqueous solution but has not been utilized much for biological applications, compared to fluorescein. We developed 8-(3,4-diaminophenyl)-2,6-bis(2-carboxyethyl)-4,4-difluoro-1,3,5,7-tetramethyl-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene (DAMBO-P(H)), based on the BODIPY chromophore, as a highly sensitive fluorescence probe for nitric oxide (NO). DAMBO-P(H) had a low phi value of 0.002, whereas its triazole derivative (DAMBO-P(H)-T), the product of the reaction of DAMBO-P(H) with NO, fluoresced strongly (phi = 0.74). The change of the fluorescence intensity was found to be controlled by an intramolecular photoinduced electron transfer (PeT) mechanism. The strategy for development of DAMBO-P(H) was as follows: (1) in order to design a highly sensitive probe of NO, the reactivity of o-phenylenediamine derivatives as NO-reactive moieties was examined using 4,5-diaminofluorescein (DAF-2, a widely used NO fluorescence probe), (2) in order to avoid pH-dependency of the fluorescence intensity, the PeT process was controlled by modulating the spectroscopic and electrochemical properties of BODIPY chromophores according to the Rehm-Weller equation based on measurement of excitation energies of chromophores, ground-state reduction potentials of PeT acceptors (BODIPYs), and calculation of the HOMO energy level of the PeT donor (o-phenylenediamine moiety) at the B3LYP/6-31G level, (3) in order to avoid quenching of fluorescence by stacking of the probes and to obtain probes suitable for biological applications, hydrophilic functional groups were introduced. This strategy should be applicable for the rational design of other novel and potentially useful bioimaging fluorescence probes.     

A ruthenium(II) complex based turn-on electrochemiluminescence probe for the detection of nitric oxide

Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) detection technique using bipyridine-ruthenium(II) complexes as probes is a highly sensitive and widely used method for the detection of various biological and bioactive molecules. In this work, the spectral, electrochemical and ECL properties of a chemically modified bipyridine-ruthenium(II) complex, [Ru(bpy)(2)(dabpy)](2+) (bpy: 2,2'-bipyridine; dabpy: 4-(3,4-diaminophenoxy)-2,2'-bipyridine), were investigated and compared with those of its nitric oxide (NO)-reaction derivative [Ru(bpy)(2)(T-bpy)](2+) (T-bpy: 4-triazolephenoxy-2,2'-bipyridine) and [Ru(bpy)(3)](2+). It was found that the ECL intensity of [Ru(bpy)(2)(dabpy)](2+) could be selectively and sensitively enhanced by NO due to the formation of [Ru(bpy)(2)(T-bpy)](2+) in the presence of tri-n-propylamine. By using [Ru(bpy)(2)(dabpy)](2+) as a probe, a sensitive and selective ECL method with a wide linear range (0.55 to 220.0 μM) and a low detection limit (0.28 μM) was established for the detection of NO in aqueous solutions and living cells. The results demonstrated the utility and advantages of the new ECL probe for the detection of NO in complicated biological samples.     

分离检测生物活性物质的荧光标记试剂与分子探针及其应用

作者结合自己的研究工作主要评述了用于分离检测氨基化合物（氨基酸、肽、蛋白质和生物胺等）、巯基化合物（谷胱甘肽、半胱氨酸和高半胱氨酸等）及NO等生物活性物质的荧光标记试剂和荧光分子探针的近期进展和应用。除了传统的的OPA、NDA、DNS、FMOC、FITC、NBD-F、AQC、Cy5等在HPLC和CE分离荧光检测应用新进展,还介绍了许多新的荧光分子探针和标记试剂的性能和应用。它们是N－羟基琥珀酰亚胺活性酯荧光标记试剂,6-氧-（N-琥珀酰亚胺乙酸酯）-9-（2'-甲氧羰基）荧光素（SAMF）,1,3,5,7-四甲基-8-苯基-（4'-O-（N-琥珀酰亚胺乙酸酯））-二氟化硼-二吡咯甲烷（TMPAB-Osu,）等和3-碘乙酰胺苯嵌蒽酮荧光探针及MCY5、DSTCY、DCDSTCY和DCTCY等花菁类近红外荧光探针等。     

A 1,8-naphthalimide-derived turn-on fluorescent probe for imaging lysosomal nitric oxide in living cells

Nitric oxide has played an important role in many physiological and pathological processes as a kind of important gas signal molecules. In this work, a new fluorescent probe LysoNO-Naph for detecting NO in lysosomes based on 1,8-naphthalimide was reported. LysoNO-Naph has sub-groups of o-phenylenediamine as a NO reaction site and 4-(2-aminoethyl)-morpholine as a lysosome-targetable group. This probe exhibited good selectivity and high sensitivity (4.57 μmol/L) toward NO in a wide pH range from 4 to 12. Furthermore, LysoNO-Naph can be used for imaging NO in lysosomes in living cells.     

Development of a novel fluorescent probe for nitric oxide detection: 8-(3',4'-diaminophenyl)-difluoroboradiaza-S-indacence

A novel fluorescent probe, 8-(3',4'-diaminophenyl)-difluoroboradiaza-S-indacence (DABODIPY), was designed and synthesized for monitoring nitric oxide production, which features high photostability and no pH dependency over a wide pH range. The fluorescence of 8-(3',4'-diaminophenyl)-difluoroboradiaza-S-indacence is very low, however, when the probe traps nitric oxide (NO) in the presence of dioxygen, the strong fluorescent triazole form is obtained, which offers the advantages of specificity, and sensitivity for direct detection of NO. Calibration using various concentrations of NO showed the method has good linearity (0.08-4.00 micromol l(-1)) and its detection limit is 10 nmol l(-1) (s/n = 3). The proposed method has been used to monitor the release of NO from S-nitrosocysteine, a NO-releasing agent.     

Design and Synthesis of New Acridone-Based Nitric Oxide Fluorescent Probe

Nitric oxide (NO) is an important signaling molecule involved in a wide range of physiological and pathological processes. Fluorescent imaging is a useful tool for monitoring NO concentration, which could be essential in various biological and biochemical studies. Here, we report the design of a novel small-molecule fluorescent probe based on 9(10H)acridone moiety for nitric oxide sensing. 7,8-Diamino-4-carboxy-10-methyl-9(10H)acridone reacts with NO in aqueous media in the presence of O₂, yielding a corresponding triazole derivative with fivefold increased fluorescence intensity. The probe was shown to be capable of nitric oxide sensing in living Jurkat cells.     

A new approach for studying fast biological reactions involving nitric oxide: generation of NO using photolabile ruthenium and manganese NO donors

Nitric oxide (NO) is recognized as one of the major players in various biochemical processes, including blood pressure, neurotransmission and immune responses. However, experimental studies involving NO are often limited by difficulties associated with the use of NO gas, including its toxicity and precise control over NO concentration. Moreover, the reactions of NO with biological molecules, which frequently occur on time scales of microseconds or faster, are limited by the millisecond time scale of conventional stopped-flow techniques. Here we present a new approach for studying rapid biological reactions involving NO. The method is based on designed ruthenium and manganese nitrosyls, [Ru(PaPy3)(NO)](BF4)2 and [Mn(PaPy3)(NO)](ClO4) (PaPy3H = N,N-bis(2-pyridylmethyl)amine-N-ethyl-2-pyridine-2-carboxamide), which upon photolysis produce NO on a fast time scale. The kinetics of the binding of the photogenerated NO to reduced cytochrome c oxidase (CcO) and myoglobin (Mb) was investigated using time-resolved optical absorption spectroscopy. The NO was found to bind to reduced CcO with an apparent lifetime of 77 micros using the [Mn(PaPy3)(NO)]+ complex; the corresponding rate is 10-20 times faster than can be detected by conventional stopped-flow methods. Second-order rate constants of approximately 1 x 10(8) M(-1) s(-1) and approximately 3 x 10(7) M(-1) s(-1) were determined for NO binding to reduced CcO and Mb, respectively. The generation of NO by photolysis of these complexes circumvents the rate limitation of stopped-flow techniques and offers a novel alternative to study other fast biological reactions involving NO.     

Novel B,O-chelated fluorescent probe for nitric oxide imaging in Raw 264.7 macrophages and onion tissues

A novel fluorescent probe based on B,O-chelated dipyrromethene chromophore in far-visible and near-infrared spectral region (600–900 nm), boron chelated 8-(3,4-diaminophenyl)-3,5-bis(2-hydroxyphenyl)-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indancene (BOPB), has been first developed for nitric oxide (NO) imaging. BOPB, a turn-on fluorescent probe, can react with NO rapidly under physiological condition. The reaction product of BOPB with NO, BOPB-T, emits bright red fluorescence at 643 nm when excited at 622 nm. Meanwhile, BOPB-T displays high fluorescent quantum yield of 0.21 and good photostability. The selectivity for NO over other reactive oxygen/nitrogen species and ascorbic acid has been investigated and BOPB has good specificity for the detection of NO. MTT assay shows that the toxicity of BOPB (below 10 μM) to living cells can be neglected. Based on these investigations, BOPB has been used for NO imaging in Raw 264.7 cells and onion tissues. Meanwhile, mechanical injury to onion tissues results in a brighter fluorescence around the wound, which indicates that more NO has been produced in plant tissues in response to external stimuli. Our studies illustrate that BOPB has advantages of high sensitivity, low background interference and little photo damage on fluorescence imaging of NO.     

Design, synthesis and characterization of a novel fluorescent probe for nitric oxide based on difluoroboradiaza-s-indacene fluorophore

Nitric oxide (NO) is a gaseous, free radical, which plays a role as an intracellular second messenger and a diffusible intercellular messenger. To obtain evidence for NO function in vivo, 1,3,5,7-tetramethyl-8-(4'-aminophenyl-N-(2'-amino)-phenzyl)-difluoroboradiaza-s-indacene (TMAPABODIPY) was designed and synthesized as a fluorescent probe for nitric oxide, which features high photostability and no pH dependency over a wide pH range. The fluorescence of TMAPABODIPY itself is very strong. When TMAPABODIPY traps NO in the presence of dioxygen, the weak fluorescent triazole form is obtained, which offers the advantages of specificity, and sensitivity for direct detection of NO. The relationship was obtained between the quenching fluorescence intensity and NO concentration in the range 0.02-4.0 micromol l(-1). The detection limit is 5 nmol l(-1) (S/N = 3). The proposed method has been used to monitor the release of NO from S-nitrosocysteine, a NO-releasing agent.     

一种红光发射的粘度荧光探针

以三苯胺和苯并噻唑盐为原料,设计合成了一种具有红光发射特性的D-π-A型荧光粘度探针N-乙酸乙酯基-2-(4-甲酸甲酯基三苯胺-4'-乙烯基)苯并噻唑六氟磷酸盐(L),运用现代分析测试手段进行了系统地表征。 研究结果表明,探针L的最大发射波长为630 nm,能有效地降低生物背景,提高生物成像的信噪比。 该探针对粘度有很好的荧光响应,其荧光强度比值(I/I₀)的对数与粘度的对数呈现很好的线性关系(R²=0.9934)。 此外,探针L对极性的敏感性小,且荧光信号不受生物分子的干扰。 生物学研究结果表明,探针L具有低的细胞毒性,可应用于细胞内微环境粘度的荧光成像。