化学反应对流过半无限垂直多孔板的粘性耗散非定常磁流体流动的影响

分析了化学反应,对流过半无限竖直多孔板的、粘性耗散的、非定常的磁流体流动的影响．利用随时间变化的相似参数,将运动、能量、溶质的控制方程变换为常微分方程,并用有限单元法数值地求解所得到的常微分方程．用图形给出了不同参数对速度、温度和浓度分布的影响,用表格给出了不同物理参数值时,表面摩擦力、Nusselt数和Sherwood数的数值．     

等通量壁多孔饱和圆管中粘性耗散对热发展强迫对流的影响

基于Brinkman流动模型，研究了等通量壁多孔饱和圆管中粘性耗散对强迫对流的影响，在热发展区域，进行了数值研究；在充分发展区域，进行了摄动分析并求得温度分布的表达式和Nusselt数。在发展区域，利用数值解得到的充分发展Nusselt数与渐近分析结果进行了比较，吻合很好。     

在有热源/热汇的竖直通道中作混合对流时的第3类边界条件

在竖向平行板通道中,研究粘性耗散和热源/热汇对充分发展的混合层状对流的影响.平板与外部流体进行了热交换,考虑了两种边界条件:与外部流体的参考温度相同的和不相同的.首先,数值地求解Brinkman数或Grashof数可以忽略的简单情况,然后,运用摄动级数法分析有热源/热汇存在时,浮力和粘性耗散对流动的组合影响,并证明摄动参数不大时是有效的.为了放宽摄动参数的使用条件,运用4阶Runge-Kutta打靶法,求解速度和温度场,对平板处的速度、温度、表面摩擦和Nusselt数进行数值讨论并绘出图形.     

SPH方法中的Riemann解与人工粘性

本文描述了光滑粒子动力学方法的人工粘性和Riemann解方法,分析了Godunov方法与传统人工粘性方法的耗散项．给定一种人工粘性,总可以找到一种相应的Riemann解法器,使得它们的耗散项在形式上几乎相同．本文利用各种近似Riemann解构造了相应的新的人工粘性．这些新的粘性,无需人工调节粘性系数．本文完成了多个数值试验,比较了使用传统人工粘性方法与Riemann解方法的不同．采用新的人工粘性,辅助热通量粘性,可以获得令人满意的计算结果．     

可渗透收缩薄膜引起的三维不稳定边界层流动

研究可渗透收缩薄膜上的不稳定粘性流动．通过相似变换得到相似方程．在不同的不稳定参数、质量吸入参数、收缩参数、Prandtl数下,数值地求解相似方程,得到速度和温度的分布,以及表面摩擦因数和Nusselt数等．结果发现,与不稳定的伸展薄膜不同,在质量吸入参数和不稳定参数的某一范围内,可渗透收缩薄膜上的不稳定流动存在双重解．     

多孔介质中的粘性流体在径向伸展薄片间作磁流体动力学流动时的Dufour和Soret效应

在一个充满不可压缩、粘性、导电流体的多孔介质空间中,以两个无限伸展的薄片为边界,研究Dufour和Sorer数对其间二维磁流体动力学稳定流动的影响,数学分析是在有粘性耗散、Joule热和一级化学反应下进行.通过适当的变换,将动量、能量和浓度定律所表示的偏微分控制方程组,变换为常微分方程组.利用同伦分析法(HAM)求解该方程组,保证了级数解的收敛性.分析了显现参数对无量纲速度、温度和浓度场的影响,同时对表面摩擦因数、Nusselt数和Sherwood数的影响进行了分析.     

双曲拉伸面上的流动及其热交换

研究不可压缩粘性流体,在双曲拉伸面上的边界层流动及其热传导．分别使用级数展开法和局部非相似（LNS）法,得到解析结果和数值结果,给出了表面摩擦和Nusselt数的解析结果和数值结果,并进行了互相比较．同时发现动量和热边界层厚度,随着离前缘距离的增加而减小．众所周知,线性拉伸项方程的解,可以作为双曲拉伸首次项方程的解．     

耗散比拟法数值求解航天飞机超声速粘性绕流问题

文中利用特殊系数矩阵分裂法和简化了的耗散比拟法数值求解了M_∞=7,Re=148000和攻角α=5°的航天飞机超声速粘性绕流问题.简化了的耗散比拟法既提高后体侧翼附近复杂流场数值解的分辨能力,又能减少数值计算工作量.     

基于第二粘性用局部微分求积法计算激波

考虑第二粘性效应,采用局部微分求积法数值求解激波问题．首先解释了在激波计算时,有必要考虑第二粘性,然后基于粘性模型,对一维和二维激波进行了数值模拟,还分别考察了剪切粘性力和第二粘性力对数值结果的影响．结果表明,采用粘性模型加上局部微分求积法能够模拟出激波特征,具有客观、简单的优点．     

可渗透收缩薄膜引起的三维

研究可渗透收缩薄膜上的不稳定粘性流动.通过相似变换得到相似方程.在不同的不稳定参数、质量吸入参数、收缩参数、Prandtl数下,数值地求解相似方程,得到速度和温度的分布,以及表面摩擦因数和Nusselt数等.结果发现,与不稳定的伸展薄膜不同,在质量吸入参数和不稳定参数的某一范围内,可渗透收缩薄膜上的不稳定流动存在双重解.     

Heat transfer to power-law fluids in thermal entrance region with viscous dissipation for constant heat flux conditions

An analytical solution of the heat transfer problem with viscous dissipation for non-Newtonian fluids with power-law model in the thermal entrance region of a circular pipe and two parallel plates under constant heat flux conditions is obtained using eigenvalue approach by suitably replacing one of the boundary conditions by total energy balance equation. Analytical expressions for the wall and the bulk temperatures and the local Nusselt number are presented. The results are in close agreement with those obtained by implicit finite-difference scheme. It is found that the role of viscous dissipation on heat transfer is completely different for heating and cooling conditions at the wall. The results for the case of cooling at the wall are of interest in the design of the oil pipe line.     

Viscous dissipation and Joule heating effects on MHD-free convection from a vertical plate with power-law variation in surface temperature in the presence of Hall and ion-slip currents

An analysis is presented to study the effects of viscous dissipation and Joule heating on MHD-free convection flow past a semi-infinite vertical flat plate in the presence of the combined effect of Hall and ion-slip currents for the case of power-law variation of the wall temperature. The fluid is permeated by a strong transverse magnetic field imposed perpendicularly to the plate on the assumption of a small magnetic Reynolds number. The governing differential equations are transformed by introducing proper non-similarity variables and solved numerically. The effects of various parameters on the velocity and temperature profiles as well as the local wall shear stresses and the local Nusselt number are presented graphically and in tabular form. It is found that the magnetic field acts as a retarding force on the tangential flow but has a propelling effect on the induced lateral flow. The skin-friction factor for the tangential flow and the local Nusselt number decrease but the skin-friction factor for the lateral flow increases as the magnetic field increases. The skin-friction factor for the tangential and lateral flows are increased while the local Nusselt number is decreased if the effect of viscous dissipation, Joule heating and heat generation are considered. The opposite trend was observed as the temperature power coefficient n is increased. Also, the skin-friction factor for the tangential flow and the local Nusselt number are increased due to the Hall and ion-slip currents, whereas the skin-friction factor for the tangential flow increases when Hall values increase to one and decreases for values of Hall greater than one, but reduces by rising ion-slip values.     

Heat transfer in MHD viscoelastic boundary layer flow over a stretching sheet with thermal radiation and non-uniform heat source/sink

An analysis has been carried out to study the flow and heat transfer characteristics for MHD viscoelastic boundary layer flow over an impermeable stretching sheet with space and temperature dependent internal heat generation/absorption (non-uniform heat source/sink), viscous dissipation, thermal radiation and magnetic field due to frictional heating. The flow is generated due to linear stretching of the sheet and influenced by uniform magnetic field, which is applied vertically in the flow region. The governing partial differential equations for the flow and heat transfer are transformed into ordinary differential equations by a suitable similarity transformation. The governing equations with the appropriate conditions are solved exactly. The effects of viscoelastic parameter and magnetic parameter on skin friction and the effects of viscous dissipation, non-uniform heat source/sink and the thermal radiation on heat transfer characteristics for two general cases namely, the prescribed surface temperature (PST) case and the prescribed wall heat flux (PHF) case are presented graphically and discussed. The numerical results for the wall temperature gradient (the Nusselt number) are presented in tables and are discussed.     

Flow and heat transfer for a power-law electrically conducting fluid flowing between parallel plates under transverse magnetic field with viscous dissipation

The flow and heat transfer problem with viscous dissipation for electrically conducting non-Newtonian fluids with power-law model in the thermal entrance region of two parallel plates with magnetic field under constant heat flux and constant wall temperature conditions has been studied. The governing equations have been solved numerically using quasilinearization technique and implicit finite-difference scheme. It has been found that the effect of viscous dissipation on heat transfer is quite significant for heating and cooling conditions at the wall.     

Buoyancy and chemical reaction effects on MHD mixed convection heat and mass transfer in a porous medium with thermal radiation and Ohmic heating

The combined effect of mixed convection with thermal radiation and chemical reaction on MHD flow of viscous and electrically conducting fluid past a vertical permeable surface embedded in a porous medium is analyzed. The heat equation includes the terms involving the radiative heat flux, Ohmic dissipation, viscous dissipation and the internal absorption whereas the mass transfer equation includes the effects of chemically reactive species of first-order. The non-linear coupled differential equations are solved analytically by perturbation technique. The results obtained show that the velocity, temperature and concentration fields are appreciably influenced by the presence of chemical reaction, thermal stratification and magnetic field. It is observed that the effect of thermal radiation and magnetic field is to decrease the velocity, temperature and concentration profiles in the boundary layer. There is also considerable effect of magnetic field and chemical reaction on skin-friction coefficient and Nusselt number.     

Effects of Soret Dufour,chemical reaction and thermal radiation on MHD non-Darcy unsteady mixed convective heat and mass transfer over a stretching sheet

A study has been carried out to analyze the combined effects of Soret (thermal-diffusion) and Dufour (diffusion-thermo) on unsteady MHD non-Darcy mixed convection over a stretching sheet embedded in a saturated porous medium in the presence of thermal radiation, viscous dissipation and first-order chemical reaction. Energy equation takes into account of viscous dissipation, thermal radiation and Soret effects. The governing differential equations are transformed into a set of non-linear coupled ordinary differential equations and solved using similarity analysis with numerical technique using appropriate boundary conditions for various physical parameters. The numerical solution for the governing nonlinear boundary value problem is based on shooting algorithm with Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg integration scheme over the entire range of physical parameters. The effects of various physical parameters on the dimensionless velocity, temperature and concentration profiles are depicted graphically and analyzed in detail. Favorable comparisons with previously published work on various special cases of the problem are obtained. Numerical results for local skin-friction, local Nusselt number, and local Sherwood number are tabulated for different physical parameters.     

On the effectiveness of viscous dissipation and Joule heating on steady Magnetohydrodynamic heat and mass transfer flow over an inclined radiate isothermal permeable surface in the presence of thermophoresis

The combined effect of viscous dissipation and joule heating on steady Magnetohydrodynamic heat and mass transfer flow of viscous incompressible fluid over an inclined radiate isothermal permeable surface in the presence of thermophoresis is studied. Numerical results for the dimensionless velocity, temperature and concentration profiles as well as the local skin-friction coefficient, the local Nusselt number and the local Stanton number are displayed graphically for various physical parameters. Comparisons with previously published work are performed and the results are found to be in very good agreement. Results show that rate of heat transfer is sensitive for increasing angle of inclination parameter for the case of fluid injection and it decreases with the increase of magnetic field parameter and Eckert number.     

Network simulation method applied to radiation and viscous dissipation effects on MHD unsteady free convection over vertical porous plate

The effects of thermal radiation and viscous dissipation on magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) unsteady free-convection flow over a semi-infinite vertical porous plate are analysed. The fluid considered is non-gray (absorption coefficient dependent on wave length). The Network Simulation Method is used to solve the boundary-layer equations based on the finite-difference formulation; only discretization of the spatial co-ordinates is necessary, while time remains as a real continuous variable. This method provides a solution for both transient and steady-state problems at the same time, and programming does not require manipulation of the sophisticated mathematical software that is inherent in other numerical methods. The velocity, temperature, local skin-friction and local Nusselt number are studied for different parameters, including the radiation parameter, Eckert number, magnetic number and suction (or injection).     

Analysis of viscoelastic fluid flow with temperature dependent properties in plane Couette flow and thin annuli

The steady state flow in very thin annuli has been studied analytically for the case where the annular gap is much smaller than the radius of the inner cylinder and for the outer cylinder rotating at constant angular speed and the inner cylinder at rest. The cylinders were subjected to two different thermal boundary conditions. The exponential effect of temperature on the relaxation time and the viscosity coefficient was accounted into the governing differential equations using Nahme’s law. Effects of viscous dissipation as well as εDe² (viscoelastic index for SPTT constitutive equation) on the dimensionless velocity and temperature profiles have been investigated. Results show that while the properties of the fluid depend on temperature, the velocity and temperature profiles are different compared to those obtained with constant physical properties. The Nahme–Griffith number increases whereas εDe² as a viscoelastic index decreases when temperature dependent physical properties are considered. In addition, the results indicate that the viscous dissipation has a sensible effect on heat transfer and the Nusselt number decreases with an increase in the Nahme–Griffith number.