横向补给系统高架索的稳定性与分岔研究

考虑集中质量对系统动力学行为的影响,建立了横向补给系统高架索振动的理论模型.利用Galerkin方法和多尺度方法对动力学方程进行渐近分析.通过对系统Jacobi矩阵特征值的讨论,分析了系统的稳定性.根据系统渐近解的消除永年项条件,得到了系统的振幅分岔方程.借助Mathematica软件,对系统的局部分岔行为进行研究,得到了系统的转迁集以及相应的局部分岔图,研究表明横向补给系统高架索的振动中存在的多种分岔现象.     

时域小波Galerkin法在有耗地面与任意目标复合散射中的应用

采用时域小波Galerkin(WGTD)方法计算了有耗地面与三维目标的复合散射,其中连接边界采用三波法.得到近场数据后,为避免复杂的Sommerfeld积分用互易原理简化了外推过程.计算了地面目标的雷达散射截面,验证了WGTD方法的精度和有效性.与时域有限差分方法相比,WGTD方法具有色散线性好、节省内存、计算速度快等优点. 关键词： 时域小波Galerkin法 复合散射 有耗半空间     

黏弹性问题的插值型无单元Galerkin方法

基于改进的移动最小二乘插值法,提出了黏弹性问题的插值型无单元Galerkin方法.采用改进的移动最小二乘插值法建立形函数,根据黏弹性问题的Galerkin弱形式建立离散方程,推导了相应的计算公式.与无单元Galerkin方法相比,本文提出的黏弹性问题的插值型无单元Galerkin方法具有直接施加本质边界条件的优点.通过数值算例讨论了影响域、节点数对计算精确性的影响,说明了该方法具有较好的收敛性;将计算结果与无单元Galerkin方法和有限元方法或解析解比较,说明了该方法具有提高计算效率的优点.     

运用改进的无单元Galerkin方法分析机场道面断裂力学问题

在改进的无单元Galerkin方法的基础上,将能反映裂纹尖端附近应力奇异性的特征项r~(1/2)引入改进的移动最小二乘法的基函数中,将断裂力学和改进的无单元Galerkin方法结合,研究了线弹性断裂力学的改进的无单元Galerkin方法,并对含反射裂缝的机场复合道面层状体系结构进行了数值分析.本文的理论为机场复合道面断裂力学分析提供了一种新方法.     

奇异源项问题的重心插值数值解

点源热传导问题和集中力作用梁变形问题的数学模型中,源项为奇异的Delta函数.采用数值稳定性好的重心型插值近似未知函数,利用Delta函数与Heaviside函数的导数关系以及Delta函数的积分筛选性,建立求解含有奇异源项问题的重心插值配点法和重心插值Galerkin法.通过数值算例比较两个方法的有效性和计算精度.     

黏弹性问题的改进的复变量无单元Galerkin方法

基于改进的复变量移动最小二乘法,提出了二维黏弹性问题的改进的复变量无单元Galerkin方法.采用改进的复变量移动最小二乘法建立形函数,根据Galerkin积分弱形式建立求解方程,并用罚函数法施加本质边界条件,推导了二维黏弹性问题的改进的复变量无单元Galerkin方法的计算公式.最后,通过实际算例,将计算结果与复变量无单元Galerkin方法及有限元法的结果进行了对比,说明了本文方法具有更高的计算精度和计算效率.     

瞬态热传导问题的复变量重构核粒子法

在重构核粒子法的基础上,引入复变量,讨论了复变量重构核粒子法.复变量重构核粒子法的优点是在构造形函数时采用一维基函数建立二维问题的修正函数.然后,将复变量重构核粒子法应用于瞬态热传导问题的求解,结合瞬态热传导问题的Galerkin积分弱形式,采用罚函数法引入本质边界条件,建立了瞬态热传导问题的复变量重构核粒子法,推导了相应的计算公式.与传统的重构核粒子法相比,复变量重构核粒子法具有计算量小、精度高的优点.最后通过数值算例证明了该方法的有效性. 关键词： 重构核粒子法 复变量重构核粒子法 修正函数 瞬态热传导问题     

基于时域自适应精细算法的插值型无单元Galerkin法及其在弹性动力学中的应用

将插值型无单元Galerkin法与时域自适应精细算法相结合,提出一种求解弹性动力学问题的方法。通过时域分段展开,将时空耦合的初边值问题转换为一系列的空间边值问题,进而采用加权残值法推导递推形式的插值型无单元Galerkin法求解方程。该方法不仅能方便地直接施加本质边界条件,并且可以避免时间步长较大造成的精度损失。数值算例给出的结果验证了该方法的有效性。     

势问题的无单元Galerkin方法的误差估计

在高维情况下,首先研究了无单元Galerkin方法的形函数构造方法——移动最小二乘法在Sobolev空间W^k,p(Ω)中的误差估计.然后,在势问题的无单元Galerkin方法的基础上,研究了势问题的通过罚函数法施加本质边界条件的无单元Galerkin方法在Sobolev空间中的误差估计.当节点和形函数满足一定条件时,证明了该误差估计是最优阶的.从误差分析中可以看出,数值解的误差与权函数的影响半径密切相关.最后,通过算例验证了结论的正确性. 关键词： 无网格方法 无单元Galerkin方法 势问题 误差估计     

有限单元法求解不稳定导热问题中的时间差分格式及其变步长计算

目前,有限单元法在求解不稳定导热温度场的抛物型偏微分方程时,都对空间进行有限单元划分,而对时间导数作有限差分展开。本文分析了二点后差格式、Crank-Nicolson 格式、三点后差格式和 Galerkin 格式的特点,并建议采用三点后差格式和 Galerkin 格式,这二种格式可以在较大的时间步长下只发生轻微振荡或避免振荡,从而在规定精度条件下大大缩短计算时间。     

Improved eigenvalues for combined dynamical systems using a modified finite element discretization scheme

New approaches are presented to discretize an arbitrarily supported linear structure carrying various lumped attachments. Specifically, the exact eigendata, i.e., the exact natural frequencies and mode shapes, of the linear structure without the lumped attachments are first used to modify its finite element mass and stiffness matrix so that the eigensolutions of the discretized system coincide with the exact modes of vibration. This is achieved by identifying a set of minimum changes in the finite element system matrices and enforcing certain constraint conditions. Once the updated matrices for the linear structure are found, the finite element assembling technique is then used to include the lumped attachments by adding their parameters to the appropriate elements in the modified mass and stiffness matrices. Numerical experiments show that for the same number of elements, the proposed scheme returns higher natural frequencies that are substantially more accurate than those given by the finite element model. Alternatively, the proposed discretization scheme allows one to efficiently and accurately determine the higher natural frequencies of a combined system without increasing the number of elements in the finite element model.     

弯曲振动薄圆盘的共振频率和等效电路参数研究

机电等效电路是分析复合换能器常用的一种解析方法, 但对薄圆盘而言, 由于弯曲振动的复杂性, 其等效集中参数很难获得, 该方法很少被应用. 本文从分布参数系统与集中参数系统等效角度, 根据动能相等原则和势能相等原则, 给出了弯曲振动薄圆盘的集中参数: 等效质量和等效弹性系数, 得到了共振频率方程, 并用ATILA软件模拟了其振动分布情况, 可以看出解析结果与数值结果趋于一致. 最后给出了分析复合振动系统时薄圆盘集中参数模型的等效电路. 本文的结果对弯曲振动复合换能器的设计提供了理论参考.     

A finite element method for analysis of vibration induced by maglev trains

This paper developed a finite element method to perform the maglev train–bridge–soil interaction analysis with rail irregularities. An efficient proportional integral (PI) scheme with only a simple equation is used to control the force of the maglev wheel, which is modeled as a contact node moving along a number of target nodes. The moving maglev vehicles are modeled as a combination of spring-damper elements, lumped mass and rigid links. The Newmark method with the Newton–Raphson method is then used to solve the nonlinear dynamic equation. The major advantage is that all the proposed procedures are standard in the finite element method. The analytic solution of maglev vehicles passing a Timoshenko beam was used to validate the current finite element method with good agreements. Moreover, a very large-scale finite element analysis using the proposed scheme was also tested in this paper.     

地下水渗流问题中最紧凑存贮的有限元方法

将按单元集成有限元代数方程组换为按结点集成,并利用贮量集中的思想来处理右端项,得到一维最紧凑存贮的有限元方法,使总体矩阵元素紧凑为未知结点数的三倍以下,比矩形网格有限差分法所需存贮单元还要少,程序结构也更简单合理。同时减少了计算量,提高了运算效率,其优越性在解非线性问题时更为明显。     

机翼跨声速非定常绕流IA型反命题变域变分有限元解

以文[1]提出的二维振荡机翼含激波跨声速非定常绕流I_A型反命题变分原理为基础,构建求解I_A型反命题的有限元解法。构造了三维时空可变节点有限元来捕获自由尾涡面和翼面几何形状,跨声速流中的激波用人工密度法捕获。在远场边界上采用简化的无反射边界条件,新型非定常Kutta条件被用于处理尾缘条件。用该方法,根据翼型跨声速非定常绕流翼面压力分布求解I_A型反命题,得到了NACA64A010翼型的几何形状,计算结果令人满意。     

Navier-Stokes方程的最小二乘等几何方法

基于Hermite多项式的C¹型单元构造复杂,限制了最小二乘有限元法的应用.引入高阶光滑的非均匀有理B样条作为基函数简化C¹型单元构造,提出求解黏性不可压流动Navier-Stokes方程的最小二乘等几何方法.用Newton法或Picard法对Navier-Stokes方程线性化,用线性化偏微分方程的余量定义最小二乘泛函,导出最小二乘变分方程,用NURBS构造高阶光滑的有限维空间来近似速度场和压力场.计算表明:本文方法计算的二维顶盖驱动流数值解能准确描述流动状况,计算的二维通道内圆柱绕流全局质量损失由最小二乘有限元法的6%降为0.018%,该方法可用于Navier-Stokes方程的求解,并且具有较好的质量守恒性.     

高阶有限单元边界积分方法

本文在文献[1]的基础上,将高阶元引入边界积分方程方法,对导热问题的求解作了详细说明,给出了几个算例。并在精度上与线性元做了比较。     

Structural models and undamped torsional natural frequencies of a superconducting turbogenerator rotor

Superconducting turbogenerators with a “double rotor structure” have a torsional natural frequency within the generator, the outer rotor moving in opposition to the inner rotor. For large machines this natural frequency may approach 100 Hz. In this paper a finite element model and simple lumped mass and spring models of the rotor, for the calculation of the undamped torsional natural frequencies, are described and compared. A method by which equivalent spring stiffnesses for both the inner and outer rotors can be derived is described, allowing one to use a rotor model with one lumped mass and equivalent spring stiffness for each of the inner and outer rotors. Such a rotor model can be readily used for studying electromagnetic interaction effects and assessing fault torques in the outer rotor and inner rotor torque tubes.     

Impact responses of multi-body systems with consistent and lumped masses

A method is presented for the dynamic analysis of inertia-variant constrained mechanical systems of interconnected rigid and flexible components which may be impacting on one another. The flexible bodies are permitted to undergo large angular rotations. Elastic co-ordinaets of flexible components are described by using sets of shape functions or shape vectors, resulting in consistent or lumped mass formulations that account for the non-linear inertia coupling between the reference motion and elastic deformations. The consistent formulation allows the use of the Rayleigh-Ritz method or the finite element method, while the lumped mass formulation allows the direct use of assumed shape vectors or experimentally identified data. The generalized impulse momentum relations for all bodies of the constrained mechanical system are formulated and solved to account for jump discontinuities in system velocities and constraint reaction forces resulting from impact. Numerical examples illustrate the effect of using estimated dynamic characteristics as well as using truncated sets of elastic co-ordinates to represent the elastic motion of flexible bodies on the accuracy of the dynamic model of a multi-body system subjected to shock loading conditions due to the impacts.     

Duct effects on the heave stability of plenum air cushions

Linear heave stability boundaries for a fun-duct-plenum air cushion suspension system are presented. These were obtained by using a quasi-static pressure-flow relationship for the fan, a finite element discretization for one dimensional unsteady duct flow, and a lumped capacitance model for the plenum. They indicate that even relatively short ducts can have a major effect at practical flow rates on the stability of cushion systems typically used for amphibious and overland operations. Some results obtained from a non-linear analysis, in which the method of characteristics was used for the duct flow, suggest that the linear approach should be adequate for practical stability calculations. Comparisons with lumped parameter models indicate that here the duct effect is associated primarily with the inertance of the air in the duct. It is also shown that for some operating conditions the duct-plenum system behaves as an Helmholtz resonator. Good agreement is obtained with an earlier transmission line analysis based on the wave equation.