基于可视化图形特征的入侵检测方法

入侵检测是保障网络安全的重要措施,网络攻击手段的多样性和隐蔽性不断增强导致入侵检测愈加困难,迫切需要研究新的入侵检测方法。结合可视化技术和k近邻分类算法,提出一种基于图形特征的入侵检测方法。采用信息增益方法对原始特征进行排序选择,并进行雷达图可视化表示,提取雷达图的图形特征构成新的数据集并送入k近邻分类器进行训练和测试。通过KDDCUP99数据集仿真实验表明,该方法不仅能直观显示攻击行为,而且获得较好的攻击检测性能,对DOS攻击的检测率可达97.9%,误报率为1.5%。     

多波长发光二极管光源雷达系统与近地面低层大气气溶胶探测

设计并研制了一台多波长发光二极管(LED)光源雷达系统,用于探测近地面低层大气气溶胶特性.介绍了LED光源雷达系统的组成及工作原理,计算分析了系统几何重叠因子,从而确定了LED光源雷达系统的最低探测高度为60 m.研究了LED光源雷达散射回波信号的数据反演方法,根据LED光源雷达适合近距离探测的特点,采用了Fernald前向积分反演算法,并以地面能见度仪数据为基础,确定了气溶胶消光系数的边界值.利用所设计的475, 530和625 nm三个波长的LED光源雷达系统,分别在轻度污染、中度污染和重度污染天气情况下,对西安夜晚城区上空低层大气气溶胶进行了探测,获得了近300 m高度内三个波长的大气气溶胶消光系数高度分布曲线,并对近地面低层大气气溶胶的垂直分布与变化特征进行了探讨.     

成像激光雷达系统性能的研究

如何合理而有效地设计成像激光雷达系统 ,是进行成像激光雷达系统研究的关键 ,设计时必须充分考虑各种参数之间的相互关系 ,根据所提出的指标 ,选择激光器和探测器及其它元器件。以二极管泵浦固体Nd∶YAG激光器为光源 ,以探测的统计学为基础 ,从作用距离、探测概率、虚警概率、信噪比等方面研究了成像激光雷达系统的性能 ,探讨了成像中实际影响成像像素数的因素 ,为成像激光雷达系统的研究提供必要的理论依据。     

Sea Clutter Suppression and Target Detection Algorithm of Marine Radar Image Sequence Based on Spatio-Temporal Domain Joint Filtering

In marine radar target detection, sea clutter will cause a large number of missed alarms and false alarms, which will affect the accuracy of target detection. In order to suppress sea clutter effectively, a sea clutter suppression and target detection algorithm of marine radar image sequence based on spatio-temporal domain joint filtering is proposed in this paper. The proposed method is to add a sea clutter suppression link before detecting the target. Firstly, the marine radar image sequence is transformed into three-dimensional frequency wavenumber domain by three-dimensional fast Fourier transform (3D-FFT), and then the three-dimensional image spectrum is obtained. According to the fact that the sea clutter spectrum obtained from the image spectrum satisfies the dispersion relation of linear wave theory in the three-dimensional frequency wavenumber domain, a sea clutter model is established. Then, through the established sea clutter model, a spatio-temporal domain joint sea clutter suppressor is designed to filter the image spectrum. After that, the filtered image spectrum is transformed by three-dimensional inverse fast Fourier transform (3D-IFFT) to obtain the image sequence in which sea clutter is suppressed. Finally, target detection is carried out for sea clutter suppressed image sequence. The method is validated by using the real data of X-band marine radar. Compared with the classical Empirical mode decomposition (EMD) method, the improvement of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is more obvious, and SNR can be increased by 15.3 db at most. In addition, compared with target detection on original images directly, the proposed method has excellent detection rate and can increase detection rates by at least 8%.     

A Novel Blind Signal Detector Based on the Entropy of the Power Spectrum Subband Energy Ratio

In this paper, we present a novel blind signal detector based on the entropy of the power spectrum subband energy ratio (PSER), the detection performance of which is significantly better than that of the classical energy detector. This detector is a full power spectrum detection method, and does not require the noise variance or prior information about the signal to be detected. According to the analysis of the statistical characteristics of the power spectrum subband energy ratio, this paper proposes concepts such as interval probability, interval entropy, sample entropy, joint interval entropy, PSER entropy, and sample entropy variance. Based on the multinomial distribution, in this paper the formulas for calculating the PSER entropy and the variance of sample entropy in the case of pure noise are derived. Based on the mixture multinomial distribution, the formulas for calculating the PSER entropy and the variance of sample entropy in the case of the signals mixed with noise are also derived. Under the constant false alarm strategy, the detector based on the entropy of the power spectrum subband energy ratio is derived. The experimental results for the primary signal detection are consistent with the theoretical calculation results, which proves that the detection method is correct.     

激光散斑效应对激光雷达探测性能的影响

分析了激光散斑效应对激光雷达探测性能的影响. 给出了远场情况下接收物镜所采集激光散斑数的表达式. 在物镜所采集的散斑和光电子数均较大情况下，提出了光电子所遵守的分布. 分别导出了机载和星载激光雷达的探测概率. 分析表明激光雷达探测性能与所采集的散斑数密切相关，接收的散斑数仅与激光束腰和物镜的口径有关，随着接收散斑数的增加，散斑噪声的影响将减弱. 关键词： 激光雷达 激光散斑 探测概率     

基于扩展信源熵值的穿墙成像雷达墙体强杂波抑制

提出了基于扩展信源熵值理论的超宽带穿墙成像雷达墙体强杂波抑制方法. 首先将回波信号离散化, 计算离散信源的概率空间并对该离散信源进行扩展, 计算得到扩展后含有墙体强杂波和目标回波的新信源的熵值. 然后根据墙体杂波熵值与目标信号熵值的差异设定门限, 自适应选取最佳门限调节因子, 对回波信号进行杂波抑制处理. 经过墙体强杂波抑制处理后, 利用后向投影方法对目标进行成像. 以基于时域有限差分方法(Finite Difference-Time Domain, FDTD) 的仿真软件GprMax2D/3D所获得的穿墙雷达数据进行仿真实验, 分别通过基于信源熵值的方法与本文所提方法来抑制墙体强杂波并成像, 通过对比结果可知, 前者的目标-杂波比增量为15.51 dB, 后者的目标-杂波比增量为19.74 dB. 因此, 本文所提方法能够在相同测量方式下得到更为精确的成像, 而且可以在保证成像效果的前提下大大减少天线扫描次数.     

火控雷达动态目标探测跟踪建模仿真

火控雷达目标探测跟踪是现代与未来防空作战的首要任务,也是火控系统的关键环节。针对火控雷达连续、自动、快速跟踪目标的特点,首先分析了火控雷达系统闭环连续探测跟踪工作流程,然后利用信号级建模方法,在信号层面上进行了雷达回波信号生成、信号处理与跟踪控制的一体化建模,并给出了各模块模型,最后完成动态火控雷达闭环目标距离、方位角与高低角三维探测跟踪测量过程仿真与分析。仿真结果不仅验证了建模方法与模型逼真有效,也对以后火控雷达跟踪性能评估、数据处理等仿真研究有着一定的参考价值。     

基于BAM网络的航空雷达在线入侵诊断方法研究

针对传统的航空雷达网络面临的入侵威胁,以及雷达网络存在的入侵诊断检测效率较低,数据匹配速度较慢等问题,提出了一种基于BAM网络的航空雷达在线入侵诊断方法,构建航空雷达在线入侵诊断模型,对航空雷达网络中的外部数据进行预处理,并获取数据特征以及数据特征的可辨识属性矩阵和决策辨识函数,计算测试参数集的所有特征向量,从而使入侵检测算子的匹配量减少,以此提升数据匹配效率,实现对外部入侵数据的过滤检测,从而对雷达数据网络进行在线监控,有效抵御外部异常数据的入侵,保证了航空雷达网络的安全性。仿真结果表明本文方法有效提高了航空雷达网络的在线数据检测匹配速度,诊断准确率达到93.3%,且对航空雷达的入侵诊断检测效率、误报率、漏报率等方面都有明显改善。     

井中雷达的瞬态电磁波传输特性及实验验证(英文)

研究了瞬态电磁波在地层中的传输特性,为井中雷达系统设计和地层信息解释提供重要依据。通过对传播速度和衰减系数的理论计算,确定目标物与井眼间的距离以及井中雷达最大的探测距离。基于以上雷达波传输特性的理论研究,设计了一个井中雷达系统。为了验证该系统的工作性能,在石灰岩地层中开展了实验测试。实验结果表明:该雷达系统能够探测到距离井眼8m远的金属目标。     

Indoor human detection based on micro-Doppler features in the presence of interference from moving clutter sources

In this paper, to address the problem of detecting the presence of human in indoor environments in the presence of moving clutter sources, an indoor human detection method that utilizes random forest to process micro-Doppler signatures and a single pair of TX/RX unit is proposed. In contrast to most of the existing methods that use both distance information and micro-Doppler information assuming no interference from moving clutter sources (window curtains, blinds, table fans, etc.), our proposed method relies only on micro-Doppler information for human detection in indoor environments with curtain and fan interferences. Based on our time–frequency analyses on the measured radar data, seven features, i.e., the mean and standard deviation of the doppler centroid, the mean and standard deviation of the span of envelopes, the silhouette size, the positive peak values, and the peak spread, are extracted from spectrograms. These features are fed into a random forest classifier for categorizing the state of a room into one of the five scenarios considered in this work, namely (1) a person entering the room, (2) a person leaving the room, (3) interference from curtain/blind, (4) interference from fan, and (5) an empty room. The proposed system has been validated using real-world experiments and be able to deliver an accuracy of 97.5% in classifying the scenarios.     

基于图像熵的各向异性扩散相干斑噪声抑制

本文提出了一种基于图像熵的各向异性扩散滤波方法. 该方法使用图像熵作为边缘检测算子, 避免了由于均值和方差等统计量的估计带来的误差, 提高了边缘检测能力. 试验结果表明该方法能够获得比传统方法更好的相干斑噪声抑制效果. 关键词： 相干斑抑制 各向异性扩散 图像熵 合成孔径雷达     

CO2激光非线性四频外差探测的实验研究

本文从理论上对巳提出的四频外差探测技术作了阐述,并在实验上实现了非线性四频外差探测,得到了预期的结果.平方律放大器件是四频外差系统电信号处理的关键器件,本文对其原理作了叙述,并依此制成了一实用的器件用于本实验.     

An Adaptive Deblurring Vehicle Detection Method for High-Speed Moving Drones: Resistance to Shake

Vehicle detection is an essential part of an intelligent traffic system, which is an important research field in drone application. Because unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are rarely configured with stable camera platforms, aerial images are easily blurred. There is a challenge for detectors to accurately locate vehicles in blurred images in the target detection process. To improve the detection performance of blurred images, an end-to-end adaptive vehicle detection algorithm (DCNet) for drones is proposed in this article. First, the clarity evaluation module is used to determine adaptively whether the input image is a blurred image using improved information entropy. An improved GAN called Drone-GAN is proposed to enhance the vehicle features of blurred images. Extensive experiments were performed, the results of which show that the proposed method can detect both blurred and clear images well in poor environments (complex illumination and occlusion). The detector proposed achieves larger gains compared with SOTA detectors. The proposed method can enhance the vehicle feature details in blurred images effectively and improve the detection accuracy of blurred aerial images, which shows good performance with regard to resistance to shake.     

基于数字图像处理技术的人脸检测算法研究

为了提高人脸检测的准确性及检测速度,需要对基于数字图像处理技术的人脸检测算法进行研究。使用当前方法进行人脸检测时,需要提取脸部特征数目较多、检测速度过慢,降低人脸检测效率。为此,提出一种基于数字图像处理技术的人脸检测算法。该方法首先获取人脸数字图像,通过拉开数字图像的灰度间距,使数字图像灰度均匀分布,进而提高数字图像对比度,使图像更加清晰,再通过Wiener维纳滤算法对处理后的数字图像进行图像平滑去噪,在此基础上使用Robert边缘检测算子方法对数字图像人脸边缘每个像素点检测,得到数字图像中人脸边缘的基本图像,将其输入到计算机数字图像处理系统中进行识别检测。实验仿真证明,所提算法在检测速度及准确性等方面具有明显的优势。     

基于阵列波导光栅的快速波长检测方法

针对现有波长检测技术的不足,提出一种采用阵列波导光栅（AWG）进行波长快速检测的方法,该方法利用AWG对波长信号进行空间分离,将波长信号转化为光场强度信号,利用传统的光场强度检测手段实现波长检测。给出了分析这种检测方法光学特性的数学模型,应用此模型,分析了AWG性能参数对波长检测性能的影响。分析表明：待检测的波长信号可以通过AWG相邻通道的功率比的对数值进行线性表达;减小AWG通道波长间隔或其半波全宽（3dB带宽）可以提高波长检测灵敏度;此方法对AWG的通道不平坦度不敏感;通过对AWG进行±0．1℃的温度控制,此方法可以达到±0．005nm的波长检测精度。     

缩比模型的宽频时域太赫兹雷达散射截面(RCS)研究

本文首次以钛宝石飞秒激光振荡级为抽运源,搭建了国内首套宽频时域太赫兹雷达(带宽0.1—1.3 THz)并进行了基于标准球的系统校正验证.利用该雷达测量了太赫兹波段三种缩比模型的散射时域信号.通过改进后的后向投影算法对模型的轮廓外形进行了成像研究,验证了新型时域散射信号成像机理.太赫兹雷达更高的频率,宽谱的特征和高分辨率成像的能力有望用于隐形外形设计过程,成为新兴的太赫兹散射特征研究平台.     

图像局部熵用于小目标检测研究

分析了局部熵用于小目标检测时造成目标范围扩散等问题的原因,并提出了熵增长方法.该方法用于点目标检测可避免发生目标范围扩散现象.由于边缘纹理和点目标在熵增长处理过程中表现出截然相反的属性,故可避免边缘纹理对于小目标检测产生的严重干扰.该方法也可用于不受噪声干扰的边缘检测.针对相同信噪比目标在不同背景亮度中具有不同熵值和增长量的问题,提出用方差增长替代熵增长,使相同信噪比目标在不同背景亮度中表现出相同的增长量值,降低了后续目标分割的难度.试验表明,熵增长方法和方差增长方法能够有效检测1或2像素大小的点目标,并不受背景中边缘纹理的干扰.对算法的复杂度进行了分析,并提出采用双通道并行流水线方式实现工程化的设计思路.     

直升机防撞激光雷达综合信息处理系统

设计了一种新型直升机载防撞激光雷达综合信息处理系统。通过对直升机姿态信息的捕获和修正、目标提取与识别、数据三维空间转换等技术,设计并实现了直升机载激光雷达的改进综合信息处理及显示,并且采用扫描成像激光雷达的探测试验对以上技术进行了实际验证。试验结果表明：该系统有效减小了直升机机动飞行时激光雷达探测画面的畸变,在横滚角30°时仍可有效修正探测图像;另外,在600 m处完成了对电力线等不易观察高危目标的迅速提取;实现了探测画面的三维综合高效显示,综合处理时间〈10 ms。本文提出的新的直升机载激光雷达综合信息处理方式有效改良了人机界面。     

基于改进功率谱熵的抑郁症脑电信号活跃性研究

采用非线性动力学方法研究脑精神疾病是近年来国内外学者研究的热点和趋势.针对脑精神疾病的研究和诊断中缺少客观有效的量化参数和量化指标的状况,提出了一种根据对时间序列功率谱划分而定义的谱熵,然后用其计算和分析脑电信号谱熵的方法.通过数据仿真试验证明该谱熵和信号活跃性之间存在正相关关系.基于这种相关性,应用该方法对抑郁症患者和正常对照组的脑电信号功率谱熵进行了数值计算,然后进行了分析对比和统计检验.实验结果表明:抑郁症患者脑电信号的功率谱熵在部分脑区显著弱于正常健康人.证明该谱熵能够表征大脑电生理活动状况,提供反映其活动性强弱的信息,可以作为度量大脑电生理活动性的一个参数.这对于能否将该功率谱熵作为诊断脑精神疾病的物理参数具有积极意义.