The stimulated Raman scattering competition between solute and solvent in Rhodamine B solution

The competition between the stimulated resonance Raman scattering(SRRS) of Rhodamine B(RhB) and the stimulated Raman scattering(SRS) of ethanol(C2H5OH) is observed at the RhB in C2H5OH solution.For different concentrations of the solution,the peak wavelengths of the SRRS,the amplified spontaneous emission(ASE),the fluorescence and the absorption of RhB are different.The SRRS of RhB and the SRS of C2H5OH are simultaneously generated when the concentration of the solution is 10 5 mol/L and the energy of the excitation laser is 20.4 mJ.Otherwise,only either the SRRS of RhB or the SRS of C2H5OH is generated.The SRRS can be amplified by the ASE gain when the SRRS is near the peak of the ASE,and the peak wavelength of the SRRS coincides with the wavelength of the maximal intensity ASE.     

Photoluminescence of an Yba＋/Al3＋-codoped microstructured optical fibre

An Yba＋/Al3＋-codoped microstructured optical fibre is prepared based on photonic crystal fibre technology. The characteristic spectra of preforms and fibres are experimentally investigated. The results show that under a 971 nm excitation, besides the known infrared fluorescence luminescence around 1050 nm, a blue luminescence peak at 486 nm is obtained. Moreover, an unexpected emission peak at 730 nm is also observed. The photoluminescence mechanism of an Yba＋/Al3＋-codoped microstructured optical fibre is discussed. The emission peak at 486 nm is attributed to the cooperative upconversion resulting from pairs of Yb3＋ ions, and the emission peak around 730 nm is ascribed to the stimulated Raman scattering because of nonlinear effects of microstructured optical fibre. The Yba＋/Al3＋-codoped microstructured optical fibre is promising for varieties of applications from laser printing and optical recording to cancer treatments, such as photodynamic therapy.     

Photoluminescence of an Yb3+/Al3+-codoped microstructured optical fibre

An Yb 3+ /Al 3+-codoped microstructured optical fibre is prepared based on photonic crystal fibre technology.The characteristic spectra of preforms and fibres are experimentally investigated.The results show that under a 971 nm excitation,besides the known infrared fluorescence luminescence around 1050 nm,a blue luminescence peak at 486 nm is obtained.Moreover,an unexpected emission peak at 730 nm is also observed.The photoluminescence mechanism of an Yb 3+ /Al 3+-codoped microstructured optical fibre is discussed.The emission peak at 486 nm is attributed to the cooperative upconversion resulting from pairs of Yb 3+ ions,and the emission peak around 730 nm is ascribed to the stimulated Raman scattering because of nonlinear effects of microstructured optical fibre.The Yb 3+ /Al 3+-codoped microstructured optical fibre is promising for varieties of applications from laser printing and optical recording to cancer treatments,such as photodynamic therapy.     

Bursting behaviours in cascaded stimulated Brillouin scattering

Stimulated Brillouin scattering is studied by numerically solving the Vlasov-Maxwell system.A cascade of stimulated Brillouin scattering can occur when a linearly polarized laser pulse propagates in a plasma.It is found that a stimulated Brillouin scattering cascade can reduce the scattering and increase the transmission of light,as well as introduce a bursting behaviour in the evolution of the laser-plasma interaction.The bursting time in the reflectivity is found to be less than half the ion acoustic period.The ion temperature can affect the stimulated Brillouin scattering cascade,which can repeat several times at low ion temperatures and can be completely eliminated at high ion temperatures.For stimulated Brillouin scattering saturation,higher-harmonic generation and wave-wave interaction of the excited ion acoustic waves can restrict the amplitude of the latter.In addition,stimulated Brillouin scattering cascade can restrict the amplitude of the scattered light.     

Generation and characterization of millimeter-scale plasmas for the research of laser plasma interactions on Shenguang-Ⅲ prototype

In order to produce millimeter-scale plasmas for the research of laser-plasma interactions(LPIs),gasbag target is designed and tested on Shenguang-Ⅲ prototype laser facility.The x-ray pinhole images show that millimeter-scale plasmas are produced with the gasbag.The electron temperature inferred from the stimulated Raman scattering(SRS) spectrum is about 1.6 keV.The SRS spectrum also indicates that the electron density has a flat region within the duration of 200 ps.The obvious differences between the results of the gasbag and that of the void half hohlraum show the feasibility of the gasbag target in creating millimeter-scale plasmas.The LPIs in these millimeter-scale plasmas may partially mimic those in the ignition condition because the duration of the existence of a flat plasma density is much larger than the growth time of the two main instabilities,i.e.,SRS and stimulated Brillouin scattering(SBS).So we make the conclusion that the gasbag target can be used to research the large-scale LPIs.     

Stimulated Brillouin scattering-induced phase noise in an interferometric fiber sensing system

Stimulated Brillouin scattering-induced phase noise is harmful to interferometric fiber sensing systems.The localized fluctuating model is used to study the intensity noise caused by the stimulated Brillouin scattering in a single-mode fiber.The phase noise structure is analyzed for an interferometric fiber sensing system,and an unbalanced Michelson interferometer with an optical path difference of 1 m,as well as the phase-generated carrier technique,is used to measure the phase noise.It is found that the phase noise is small when the input power is below the stimulated Brillouin scattering threshold,increases dramatically at first and then gradually becomes flat when the input power is above the threshold,which is similar to the variation in relative intensity noise.It can be inferred that the increase in phase noise is mainly due to the broadening of the laser linewidth caused by stimulated Brillouin scattering,which is verified through linewidth measurements in the absence and presence of the stimulated Brillouin scattering.     

A new method for measuring the threshold of stimulated Brillouin scattering

A new method for measuring the threshold of stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) based on the generation location of a Stokes beam is proposed for the first time to our knowledge. The length of the medium cell is selected to be longer than the free gain length of pump pulses in the Brillouin medium. The reflected light from a certain mirror in front of the medium cell is chosen as the reference beam, and the SBS threshold is measured by the "jump" of the delay between the Stokes beam and the reference beam. An 8-ns Q-switched single-longitudinal-mode pulse is used as the pump and the typical SBS medium FC-72 is selected as the nonlinear medium in our experiment. The SBS threshold intensity is measured to be 173-178 mW/cm 2 , which is consistent with existing results measured with the transmitted energy limiting method.     

Investigation of multispectral SF_6 stimulated Raman scattering laser

In this work, SF_6 as a Raman-active medium is investigated to generate a multispectral Raman laser by the combination of cascade stimulated Raman scattering(SRS) and four wave mixing. The Raman frequency comb from the 10 th-order anti-Stokes to the 9 th-order Stokes was generated, and its spectral range covered377–846 nm. The photon conversion efficiency of 16.4% for the first Stokes was achieved, and the Raman gain coefficient at 1.5 MPa of SF_6 under the 532 nm pump laser was calculated to be 0.83 cm/GW by the SRS threshold comparison with H_2. Using helium as the carrier gas, the thermal effect of the SF_6 Raman laser was improved dramatically under a repetition rate of 10 Hz.     

Amplification effect on stimulated Brillouin scattering in the S-band forward G652 fiber Raman amplifier

The amplification effects on forward and backward stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) lines in the forward pumped S-band distributed G652 fiber Raman amplifier (FRA) have been studied. There is a pump threshold power of Stokes backward stimulated Brillouin scattering (B-SBS) line in the forward pumped G652 FRA, it is about 1 mW. The Stokes B-SBS lines are amplified by FRA and fiber Brillouin amplifier (FBA). The gain of amplification is given as Ga = GR · GB where GR is Raman gain and GB is Brillouin gain. In experimental work, the saturation gain of the first order Stokes backward SBS line is about 58 dB and the saturation gain of 25-km G652 forward FRA is about 25 dB, so the gain of FBA is about 33 dB. The forward stimulated Brillouin scattering (F-SBS) is generated and amplified in S-band G652 FRA. The stimulated threshold powers of the forward first order Stokes SBS (SB1-), second order Stokes SBS (SB2-), and third order SBS (SB3-) in the forward pumped FRA are 2.3, 1.6, and 1.6 mW, respectively. In experimental work, the saturation gains of SB1-, SB2-, and SB3- are about 38, 62, and 60 dB, respectively. The saturation Raman gain of 25-km G652 forward FRA is about 8.8 dB, so the Brillouin gains of SB1-, SB2-, and SB3- are about 29.2, 53.2, and 51.2 dB, respectively. The forward and backward cascaded SBS lines have been observed.     

Measurement of stimulated Brillouin scattering （SBS） threshold based on waveform variation of SBS optical limiting

This paper proposes a method for measuring the stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) threshold based on waveform variation of SBS optical limiting. The output waveforms for different pump power densities are numerically simulated, and validated in the Nd:YAG seed-injected laser system. The results indicate that SBS does not take place in the case of a low pump power density and thus the output power scales up linearly with pump power. Once the pump power density exceeds the SBS threshold, SBS takes place and thereby the energies are transferred from pump to Stokes. As a result, a small shoulder appears in the trailing edge of the output waveform, which provides another method to determine the SBS threshold.     

三倍频Nd∶YAG激光抽运氧气中的受激拉曼和布里渊散射

报道了三倍频脉冲Nd∶YAG激光(355 nm)在两种不同带宽模式下抽运氧气中受激拉曼散射(SRS)和受激布里渊散射(SBS)的实验研究。在宽带(约1 cm-1)抽运模式下,只测到了前向受激拉曼散射,而没有观察到后向散射,其一级和二级斯托克斯最大能量转换效率可达22%和8%。在窄带(约0.003 cm-1)模式下,前向、后向受激拉曼散射和受激布里渊散射都测量到了,但大部分抽运能量都转换到受激布里渊散射,其转换效率可达67%。测量了两种带宽模式下各散射组分在它们最佳转换时的波形;窄带情况下后向受激拉曼散射和受激布里渊散射的脉宽分别可压窄至1.5 ns和2.3 ns,不到抽运脉宽的三分之一,使得受激布里渊散射峰值功率可大大高于抽运功率。对氧气中前向、后向受激拉曼散射和受激布里渊散射之间的竞争进行了讨论。     

三倍频Nd:YAG激光抽运氧气中的受激拉曼和布里渊散射

报道了三倍频脉冲Nd：YAG激光（355nm）在两种不同带宽模式下抽运氧气中受激拉曼散射（SRS）和受激布里渊散射（SBS）的实验研究。在宽带（约1cm^-1）抽运模式下,只测到了前向受激拉曼散射,而没有观察到后向散射,其一级和二级斯托克斯最大能量转换效率可达22％和8％。在窄带（约0．003cm^-1）模式下,前向、后向受激拉曼散射和受激布里渊散射都测量到了,但大部分抽运能量都转换到受激布里渊散射,其转换效率可达67％。测量了两种带宽模式下各散射组分在它们最佳转换时的波形;窄带情况下后向受激拉曼散射和受激布里渊散射的脉宽分别可压窄至1．5ns和2．3ns,不到抽运脉宽的三分之一,使得受激布里渊散射峰值功率可大大高于抽运功率。对氧气中前向、后向受激拉曼散射和受激布里渊散射之间的竞争进行了讨论。     

Continuous wave stimulated Raman scattering of benzene by fluorescence enhancement in hollow fused silica fiber

We present continuous wave stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) of benzene (C₆H₆) influenced by the fluorescent dye m‐cresol purple in a hollow fused silica fiber (HFSF). Because of the transmission loss of the HFSF filled with C₆H₆, the SRS occurs when the Stokes gain equals the transmission loss, with the loss taken at the Stokes wavelength. The 992 cm⁻¹ stimulated Stokes line has been obtained at the pump wavelength 658 nm, which cannot be obtained at 532 nm because the Stokes wavelength (562 nm) does not locate in the transmission loss. Also, the pump power is 35 mW with m‐cresol purple which is much lower than 800 mW without the dye. The profile of the 992 cm⁻¹ stimulated Stokes is changed, and the weak shoulders of the profile are amplified by fluorescence. These results are expected to be of relevance in applications on the tunable Raman laser at new wavelengths. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

YbVO4晶体的受激拉曼散射

采用腔外单次通过方式,研究了一种新型晶体YbVO₄的受激拉曼散射.当抽运激光为532 nm皮秒脉冲时获得了3级斯托克斯线(558.47 nm, 587.92 nm, 620.67 nm)和1级反斯托克斯线(507.58 nm),测得YbVO₄晶体1级斯托克斯受激拉曼散射的稳态增益系数为17.8±0.2 cm/GW,受激拉曼散射的整体转换效率达到37%.实现了YbVO₄晶体对355 nm皮秒激光的受激拉曼散射,观察到1级斯托克斯线(366.1 关键词： 受激拉曼散射 稳态增益系数 转换效率 4晶体')" href="#">YbVO₄晶体     

Influence of amplified spontaneous emission and fluorescence of β-carotene on stimulated Raman scattering of carbon disulfide

β-carotene with double fluorescence characteristics and large third-order optical nonlinearities, which is dissolved in the carbon disulfide (CS₂) as the core medium of a liquid core optical fiber (LCOF), is applied in the study of the CS₂ stimulated Raman scattering (SRS). The results of this study show that when the concentrations of solution are more than 3.72×10⁻⁷ mol/L, the amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) of β-carotene is the main factor influencing the threshold and intensity of Stokes lines; when the concentrations of solution are lower than 3.72×10⁻⁷ mol/L, the ASE disappears and the fluorescence plays the key role: The high-order Stokes lines may be observed at very low input-laser power, and the Stokes thresholds decrease as the solution concentration increases. The result may be widely used in the study of broadband stimulated radiation laser and seeding laser. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 10774057)     

水中受激拉曼散射的能量增强及受激布里渊散射的光学抑制

为提高液体介质中受激拉曼散射的输出能量,提出了通过温度调控来抑制受激布里渊散射的方法,设计了532 nm多纵模宽带脉冲激光泵浦的受激拉曼散射发生系统,测量了不同温度下水中前向受激拉曼散射及后向受激布里渊散射的输出能量,分析了水温、泵浦激光线宽及热散焦效应对受激拉曼散射输出能量影响的物理机制.实验结果表明:通过降低水温可实现对受激布里渊散射过程的有效抑制,同时减小热散焦效应带来的光束畸变,从而有效提高受激拉曼散射的输出能量.研究结果对液体介质中的受激拉曼散射多波长转换具有重要意义.     

Enhanced stimulated Raman scattering in H<Subscript>2</Subscript> by seeding an SRS line into an H-ɛ Balmer line: Amplification-coupled laser wavelength shifter

The stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) in H₂ gas above the dissociation energy limit was recorded using a 266-nm UV laser. All of the observed Stokes and anti-Stokes SRS lines showed a normal behavior except the third Stokes SRS lines at 397.8 nm, which showed a substantial intensity enhancement of about a 36%-conversion efficiency of the pump energy. This enhancement in the SRS line is attributed to the seeding of the SRS line into the Balmer H-? line at 397 nm in molecular hydrogen. To the best of our knowledge, there is no report of any work on enhanced stimulated Raman scattering in H₂ by the seeding of the H-? Balmer line into the SRS line and attaining a very high intensity at the third Stokes SRS lines at 397.8 nm. The cell pressure and the laser pulse energy dependence of these SRS lines substantiate our explanation.     

Stimulated Raman scattering influenced by concentration,fluorescence profile and bandwidth of β‐carotene in liquid‐core optical fiber

We demonstrated stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) of carbon disulfide (CS₂) influenced by β‐carotene in a liquid‐core optical fiber (LCOF). Owing to the double fluorescence characteristics and large third‐order optical nonlinearity of β‐carotene, the high‐order Stokes lines, such as the seventh‐order Stokes line of CS₂, can be observed at a relatively low input‐laser power. The thresholds of Stokes lines lowered with the addition of the carotenoid when the concentration of solution was within 10⁻¹² and 10⁻⁷ mol/L; the threshold increments and intensities of Stokes lines were correlative with the fluorescence profile of β‐carotene: when the fluorescence intensity of the wavenumber region on the spectrum was high, the Stokes line intensity was also high and its threshold increment was small, and vice versa. These results are expected to be worthy of the applications on the tunable laser and the seeding laser. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

KDP晶体受激拉曼散射特性

详细比较了磷酸二氢钾(KDP)晶体的自发拉曼散射和受激拉曼散射光谱,在受激拉曼散射(SRS)中观察到了自发拉曼散射中最强的振动模的三阶Stokes光(559.43,589.74,623.50nm),由于其他振动模的受激拉曼散射增益系数较小,其SRS光谱未观察到。另外,比较了传统生长的未退火和退火后的KDP晶体及快速生长的锥区和柱区KDP晶体的受激拉曼散射增益系数,结果表明生长方法和热退火对KDP晶体的受激拉曼散射增益系数无明显影响。     

罗丹明B荧光增强苯受激拉曼散射研究

将液芯光纤技术与荧光增强受激拉曼散射技术相结合,能够大大增强受激拉曼散射光谱强度,降低受激拉曼散射阈值。通过对罗丹明B苯溶液在液芯光纤中的受激拉曼散射进行研究,结果表明:荧光染料Rhodamine B可以降低苯溶液的各阶受激拉曼散射阈值近一个数量级;在一定浓度范围内(10-6mol/L~10-8mol/L)各阶Stokes阈值随浓度降低而降低,并在理论上给出了解释。并且理论推导了在荧光种子作用下的四阶耦合波方程。液芯光纤中的受激拉曼光谱技术在对实现宽带受激辐射激光器、种子激光,以及生物大分子结构研究、生物分子的非生物过程研究等领域等有光明应用前景。