Amplification and compression of ultrashort fundamental solitons in an erbium-doped nonlinear amplifying fiber loop mirror

A nonlinear amplifying loop mirror constructed from erbium-doped fiber is proposed for simultaneous amplification and compression of ultrashort fundamental solitons. Numerical simulations show that, unlike conventional erbium-doped fiber amplifiers in which nonlinear effects lead to serious degradation of pulse quality, the proposed device performs efficient high-quality amplification and compression of ultrashort fundamental solitons while it almost completely preserves the soliton nature of the input pulses. Moreover, the performance of the device is insensitive to small variations in the loop length and in the power-splitting ratio of the coupler.     

级联单模光纤中初始啁啾对高阶孤子脉冲压缩的影响

采用两段级联单模光纤对高阶孤子脉冲进行压缩。两段光纤具有不同的反常色散值,当高阶孤子脉冲在第一段光纤中获得最大程度压缩时,通过转换色散值不同的光纤,使压缩脉冲继续以高阶孤子的形式在第二段光纤中再次被压缩。每段光纤的长度都进行了优化,使得脉冲在每段光纤中都获得最大程度的压缩。基于非线性薛定谔方程,数值研究了初始啁啾对高阶孤子脉冲压缩的影响。研究结果表明,初始啁啾对高阶孤子脉冲的压缩有重要影响。与无初始啁啾时的情形相比,正的初始啁啾能增强每段光纤中脉冲的压缩效果,降低压缩脉冲的基座能量,而负初始啁啾的影响则相反。随着初始啁啾参量Cp的增大,脉冲在每段光纤中的压缩因子均增加,而基座能量、最优光纤长度均减小。     

Surface-Radiative Modes and Longitudinal Excitons in the Spectra of Exciton–Polariton Luminescence

A cascade fiber-optic system that generates pulses of high spectral density by using the effect of nonlinear spectral compression is proposed. It is demonstrated that the shape of the pulse envelope substantially influences the degree of compression of its spectrum. In so doing, maximum compression is achieved for parabolic pulses. The cascade system includes an optical fiber exhibiting normal dispersion that decreases along the fiber length, thereby ensuring that the pulse envelope evolves toward a parabolic shape, along with diffraction gratings and a fiber spectral compressor. Based on computer simulation, we determined parameters of cascade elements leading to maximum spectral density of radiation originating from a subpicosecond laser pulse of medium energy.     

Numerical study on adiabatic compression of ultrashort fundamental solitons in an erbium-doped fiber amplifier

In this paper, the compression and amplification of fundamental solitons in an erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) are investigated by using the numerical method. The results show that the unchirped fundamental solitons can be compressed and amplified by selecting an appropriate length of the EDFA when the peak gain of the EDFA is fixed, and the compression and amplification satisfy the adiabatic condition. Furthermore, the fundamental solitons with appropriate positive chirp parameters can be compressed and amplified effectively by selecting an appropriate length of the EDFA, but the pulse compression cannot satisfy the adiabatic condition. Moreover, the compression of the fundamental solitons with negative chirp also cannot satisfy the adiabatic condition, and the compression effects are very poor. Thus, the chirp should be reduced before adiabatic compression using the EDFA.     

The modified nonlinear Schrödinger equation: facts and artefacts

We argue that the integrable modified nonlinear Schr?dinger equation with the nonlinearity dispersion term is the true starting point to analytically describe subpicosecond pulse dynamics in monomode fibers. Contrary to the known assertions, solitons of this equation are free of self-steepening and the breather formation is possible. Received 29 September 2001 / Received in final form 25 January 2002 Published online 2 October 2002 RID="a" ID="a"doktorov@dragon.bas-net.by     

掺铒光纤环镜中超短光孤子的放大与压缩Ⅱ.环镜及输入脉冲特性对放大结果的影响

最近的研究发现,用掺铒光纤环镜放大并压缩超短光孤子不仅能避免常规掺铒光纤放大器中由于非线性效应引起的孤子畸变,而且可克服绝热放大技术中放大器长度随输入脉宽增大而指数规律增大的困难。进一步研究了环镜及输入脉冲特性对放大结果的影响。数值计算表明,对于确定的输入脉冲,当环镜参量(环镜长度、增益、耦合器功率耦合系数)在较大范围内变化时,环镜放大器的孤子输出性能基本稳定。对于确定的环镜,输入脉冲形状的变化、初始输入功率的起伏以及高阶效应等因素对放大结果的影响较小;相对而言,初始频率啁啾对输出孤子宽度的影响较大,但对输出孤子质量的影响并不严重。     

Enhanced pulse compression induced by the interaction between the third—order dispersion and the cross—phase modulation in birefringent fibres

In this paper,we report on the enhanced pulse compression due to the interaction between the positive third-order dispersion (TOD) and the nonlinear effect (cross-phase modulation effect) in birefringent fibres.Polarization soliton compression along the slow axis can be enhanced in a birefringent fibre with positive third-order dispersion,while the polarization soliton compression along the fast axis can be enhanced in the fibre with negative third-order dispersion.Moreover,there is an optimal third-order dispersion parameter for obtaining the optimal pulse compression.Redshifted initial chirp is helpful to the pulse compression,while blueshifted chirp is detrimental to the pulse compression.There is also an optimal chirp parameter to reach maximum pulse compression.The optimal pulse compression for TOD parameters under different N-order solitons is also found.     

Exact solitary-wave solutions of chi(2) Ginzburg-Landau equations

A family of exact temporal solitary-wave solutions (dissipative solitons) to the equations governing second-harmonic generation in quadratically nonlinear optical waveguides, in the presence of linear bandwidth-limited gain at the fundamental harmonic and linear loss at the second harmonic, is found, and the existence domain for the solutions is delineated. Direct numerical simulations of the solitons demonstrate that, as well as the classical pulse solutions to the cubic Ginzburg-Landau equation, the dissipative solitons can propagate robustly over a considerable distance before the model's intrinsic instability leads to onset of "turbulence." Two-soliton bound states are also predicted and then found in the direct simulations. We estimate real values of the physical parameters necessary for the existence of the solitons predicted, and conclude that they can be observed experimentally. A promising application for the solitons is their use in closed-loop cavities.     

Gap solitons in an extended anti-directional coupler

A nonlinear solitary wave in an inhomogeneous medium formed by two tunnel-coupled waveguides is considered. One of the waveguides is manufactured from an ordinary dielectric, while the second has negative refraction. The results from numerical simulations demonstrate the high stability of gap solitons with respect to collisions. It is discovered that for low relative velocities of two colliding solitons, a longlived coupled state of these solitons can be formed.     

Simultaneous wavelength conversion and pulse compression exploiting cascaded second-order nonlinear processes in LiNbO3 waveguides

Simultaneous wavelength conversion and pulse compression are proposed and demonstrated exploiting cascaded second-order nonlinear processes in periodically domain-inverted LiNbO₃ waveguides. The influences of initial pulse widths and waveguide length on the conversion efficiency and converted pulse compression are theoretically analyzed. Tunable wavelength conversion is performed for the signal pulse with the temporal width of 7.5 ps and repetition rate of 40 GHz. Conversion efficiency of more than −24 dB is obtained for 35-nm conversion span under average signal power of 10 dBm when a CW control wave is adopted.     

屏蔽光伏孤子诱导的非线性光波导

从理论上研究了由一维稳态屏蔽光伏孤子诱导的非线性波导,结果表明在加偏压的光伏光折变晶体中,例如铌酸锂,无论是明孤子还是暗孤子都能诱导出非线性波导.推导出了在一般条件和低振幅条件下探测光束满足的波方程.     

掺铒光纤环镜中超短光孤子的放大与压缩Ⅰ.基本原理

用常规掺铒光纤放大器放大超短光孤子存在一个重大困难 ,就是在放大过程中光纤非线性效应会引起孤子波形及频谱畸变 ,使得输出脉冲不再具有孤子特性 ,从而影响系统性能。提出一种利用掺铒光纤环镜放大超短光孤子的新方法 ,数值计算表明 ,该方法不仅可实现无畸变的光孤子放大 ,而且能同时实现孤子宽度的有效压缩。当宽度为 2 ps的基阶孤子经过长度为 92 .6m、增益为 14 .4dB的环镜后 ,其峰值功率被放大 16 5倍 ,脉冲宽度被压缩到 0 .19ps ,时间带宽积为 0 .30 3,脉座能量仅占整个脉冲能量的 3.8% ,表明由环镜输出的放大脉冲很大程度上具有基阶孤子特性。     

色散缓变光纤中飞秒高阶孤子脉冲的增强压缩

提出了一种利用孤子绝热放大效应与高阶孤子脉冲压缩效应相结合来压缩飞秒高阶孤子的新方法.通过数值模拟方法证明,采用三阶色散为负的色散缓变光纤压缩高阶孤子,可利用喇曼散射效应与负三阶色散的相互作用,消除正三阶色散对光脉冲压缩产生的不利影响,增加压缩比,提高压缩后光脉冲的质量.研究表明,在色散缓变参量一定的情况下,孤子阶数越高,所需最佳光纤长度越短、光脉冲的压缩比越大;对于相同功率的孤子光脉冲,光脉冲的压缩比随着色散缓变参量的增大而增大;无论是孤子脉冲还是高斯脉冲都适合于色散缓变光纤中的高阶孤子脉冲压缩.     

Nonlinear theory of soliton-induced waveguides

We develop a nonlinear theory of soliton-induced waveguides that describe a finite-amplitude probe beam guided by a spatial dark soliton in a saturable nonlinear medium. We suggest an effective way to control the interaction of these soliton-induced waveguides and also show that, in sharp contrast with scalar dark solitons, the dark-soliton waveguides can attract each other and even form stationary bound states.     

Nonlinear Dynamics of Wave Fields in Nonresonant Media: From Envelope Solitons toward Video Solitons

We analyze a new class of soliton solutions for a wave field, which describes propagation of soliton-like structures of a circularly polarized electromagnetic field comprising a finite number of field-oscillation periods in a transparent nonresonant medium. The considered solutions feature a smooth transition from the soliton solutions of Schröodinger type, which correspond to long pulses with a large number of field oscillations, to extremely short, virtually single-cycle video pulses. We show that such solutions can also be important for linearly polarized laser fields. The structural stability of few-optical-cycle solitons is demonstrated numerically, including the case of their collision. Based on stability analysis and with allowance for the genealogic relation between the obtained wave solitons and the solitons of the nonlinear Schröodinger equation, we argue that the former solitons can play the same fundamental role in the nonlinear dynamics of the considered wave fields. In particular, it is shown by numerical simulations that the few-optical-cycle solutions turn out to be the basic elementary components of such a dynamical process as the temporal compression of an initially long pulse to a pulse of very short duration. In this case, the minimum duration of a compressed pulse is determined by soliton structures of about minimal duration.     

Nonlinear propagation effects in an AlGaAs Bragg grating filter

We present experimental observations of nonlinear propagation effects in an integrated AlGaAs waveguide filter. We demonstrate pulse shaping, pulse compression, and the production of gap solitons within the stop band of the grating for switching powers of ~130 W . This nonlinear behavior is associated with the counterbalancing effects of self-phase modulation and the large dispersion effects introduced by the grating itself.     

Generation of stable self-similar wave packets in inhomogeneous optical waveguides with a traveling refractive index wave

The specific features of the dynamics of wave packets in inhomogeneous optical waveguides with a traveling refractive index wave and a parabolic dependence of the refractive index on the transverse coordinates of the waveguide have been investigated. It has been shown that stable self-similar pulses of short (picoand subpicosecond) duration with a high total pulse energy and a large mode area can be generated in the corresponding waveguides. It has also been demonstrated that the self-similar regime of propagation of durationpreserving wave packets can be achieved, in particular, with the normal dispersion of the active optical waveguide used in the work.     

单模光纤中基于暗孤子交叉相位调制的亮脉冲压缩

对单模光纤正群速色散区中基于暗孤子交叉相位调制的亮脉冲压缩进行了定量计算和详细分析，结果表明，亮脉冲的压缩程度与昱孤子相对于亮脉冲的初始峰值功率有关，初始相对峰值功率愈高，亮脉冲的压缩比和压后的峰值功率愈高，同时所需的光纤长度愈短，对于给定的初始条件，光纤长度存在一最佳值，在最佳长度处，压缩后的亮脉冲峰值功率最高，宽度最窄。     

Compression of Bright Bound Solitons in the Bose-Einstein Condensates with Exponentially Time-Dependent Atomic Scattering Length by the Feshbach Resonance

We investigate compression of the bright bound solitons in the Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) by exponentially increasing the absolute value of the atomic scattering length. Similarity transformation and Hirota bilinear method are used to symbolically solve the one-dimensional nonlinear Schrödinger equation with the time-dependent coefficients. We present types of the bright bound solitons in compression through manipulating their initial coherence. Results show that the improved quantity of the atomic density peaks can be observed before the collapse of the solitons when their coherence is increased. Furthermore, we discuss how those compressed bound solitons are influenced by the adjacent solitons. The bound structures in our study are illustrated to exist with the parameters within the current experimental capacity (the spatial and temporal ranges of the bound solitons are less than 56 μm and 50 ms in our investigation), which suggests a future observation in the BECs experiments.