高频炉直接燃烧-红外光谱法测定铁矿石中硫的应用

综述了高频炉直接燃烧-红外光谱法测定铁矿石中硫含量的应用,特别探讨了称样量、助熔剂加入量、试剂堆积次序、分析时间、坩埚处理方法及净化剂等因素的影响(引用文献23篇)。     

关于高频感应炉燃烧-红外光谱法测定碳、硫所用坩埚空白值

近年来,越来越多地采用高频感应炉燃烧-红外光谱法测定材质中碳、硫含量。在使用此方法测定材质中碳、硫时,所用瓷坩埚的质量对分析有一定的影响,瓷坩埚本身所含碳、硫的量对测定结果有影响。尤其是待测材质中碳、硫含量比较低（0.00xx%～0．000x％）时,要求所用瓷坩埚中碳、硫的含量尽可能低且含量稳定。这样在分析中,预先准确地测定出包括瓷坩埚本身的空白值,在测定材质的碳、硫值中予以校正或扣除,才能准确地测出材质中碳、硫含量。按ISO9556—1989和ISO4935—1989感应炉燃烧红外线吸收法测定碳、硫含量的规定,系统空白值（主要是坩埚和助熔剂碳、硫含量之和）是在坩埚中加入与试样等量的纯铁和助熔剂,按照试样分析方法测定含量,     

直接样品燃烧-红外光谱法测定镁碳砖中总碳量

应用高频感应炉直接燃烧样品-红外光谱法测定了高碳镁砖中总碳量。一定量样品(0.150 0g)用碳、硫含量很低的纯铁(1.0g),锡粒(0.30g)及钨粒(1.0g)作为助熔剂,用高纯氧化镁与高纯石墨粉混合制备了模拟标准样品,测得含碳量(w%)在5%～30%之间呈线性关系。按所提出方法分析了3个已知样品,进行了方法的精密度试验,测得结果的相对标准偏差(n=10)在0.25%～0.65%之间。将此方法用于测定1个标准样品和3种基准物质(碳酸钠、碳酸钙和草酸钠)中的总碳量,测定值与标准值之间的绝对误差在0.008%～0.07%之间。     

光电直读光谱法测定重轨钢中碳偏析的方法研究

采用类型校正法消除了光谱法与红外吸收法在测定重轨钢中碳含量时的系统误差。结合金相低倍组织检验，分析了光谱法在重轨腰部碳分析结果异常偏高的原因，并建立了相应的分析方法。该方法已用于重轨钢样的均匀性检验中，取得了良好的效果。     

管式炉直接燃烧-红外吸收光谱法同时测定硅铁中碳和硫量

提出了管式炉直接燃烧-红外吸收光谱法测定硅铁中碳、硫含量的方法。对试验条件进行了优化,选择氧化铜(1.5g)为助熔剂,样品称样量为0.2～0.3g,碳和硫的分析时间为60s。方法的检出限为硫0.001%,碳0.004%。分析了标准样品(BH1917-1)进行准确度及精密度试验,测定结果与认定值相符,碳和硫测定值的相对标准偏差(n=10)分别小于4%和8%。     

《冶金仪器分析技术与应用》

(ISBN 978-7-122-08815-4)该书阐述了目前冶金行业常用的各种仪器分析方法,包括紫外和可见分光光度法、原子吸收光谱法、原子荧光光谱法、原子发射光谱法、X射线荧光光谱法、金属中碳硫氧氮氢的分析方法、电化学分析法等常用仪器分析方法以及冶金标     

样品直接燃烧-红外光谱法测定电解锰中碳含量

将经用丙酮超声清洗并干燥的电解锰样品(0.5~0.8g)置于预先在1 250℃灼烧处理并冷却至室温的瓷坩埚中,加入钨锡1.000g和纯铁0.400g作为助熔剂,充分混匀后置于碳硫测定仪中,按自动模式以CO2形态用红外光谱法测定样品的碳量。对同一样品(wC=0.003 8%)按方法做精密度试验,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=8)为5.3%。分析了已知含碳0.006%的电解锰样品,测得回收率(n=6)为102%。     

蔗糖法联合测定有效氧化钙及伴生氧化镁

蔗糖法是测定石灰中有效氧化钙的标准方法,由于石灰活性(易吸水、吸二氧化碳)的限制,该法仅作为石灰有效氧化钙的单项测定。至于与氧化钙伴生存在的氧化镁的联合测定,尚未见资料介绍。根据EDTA能络合滴定钙、镁的原理,在蔗糖法的基础上,我们研究了联合测定石灰中有效氧化钙和伴生氧化镁的分析方法。通过多年的生产实践和总结,本法快速、准确,能符合工业分析的要求。     

粉末压片-X射线荧光光谱法快速测定生石灰粉中氧化钙和二氧化硅

采用粉末压片法制样,建立了波长色散X射线荧光光谱法快速测定生石灰粉中氧化钙、二氧化硅的分析方法。由于没有国家标准样品,采用自制生石灰粉标准样品绘制工作曲线。考察了样品粒度及吸潮对分析结果的影响。实验表明,在样品粒度为74μm、压样机压力为12 MPa、压制时间为45s的制样条件下荧光计数率最稳定,在30min内测定样品效果最佳。采用α理论系数法和经验系数法相结合校正基体影响。对同一生石灰粉样品进行精密度实验,各组分的相对标准偏差(RSD,n=11)在0.04%~0.43%。测定了5个生石灰粉样品,所得结果与常规化学分析方法测定值相符。     

红外光谱法测定异氰酸酯的封闭率

依据Beer-Lambert定律两种基团的吸收值之比与其相应的质量比成比例的原理,采用红外光谱法测定异氰酸酯加成物中两种官能团的吸收值比值,从而测定体系中异氰酸酯的含量,并最终计算出异氰酸酯的封闭率。实验结果表明,红外光谱法测定异氰酸酯的封闭率快速准确。     

Synthesis and structure of hydroxyisoxazolidines and derivatives of hydroxylamine and alkenals

The reactions of N-substituted hydroxylamines with alkenals serve as a method for the synthesis of the corresponding 2-substituted 3(5)-hydroxyisoxazolidines. The reaction pathway is determined by the nature of the substituent attached to the nitrogen atom. Ring-chain isomerism has been detected in these newly obtained compoundsTranslated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 9, pp. 1270–1276, September, 1987.     

Synthesis and characterization of triazenide and triazene complexes of ruthenium and osmium

Triazenide [M(eta2-1,3-ArNNNAr)P4]BPh4 [M = Ru, Os; Ar = Ph, p-tolyl; P = P(OMe)3, P(OEt)3, PPh(OEt)2] complexes were prepared by allowing triflate [M(kappa2-OTf)P4]OTf species to react first with 1,3-ArN=NN(H)Ar triazene and then with an excess of triethylamine. Alternatively, ruthenium triazenide [Ru(eta2-1,3-ArNNNAr)P4]BPh4 derivatives were obtained by reacting hydride [RuH(eta2-H2)P4]+ and RuH(kappa1-OTf)P4 compounds with 1,3-diaryltriazene. The complexes were characterized by spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography of the [Ru(eta2-1,3-PhNNNPh){P(OEt)3}4]BPh4 derivative. Hydride triazene [OsH(eta1-1,3-ArN=NN(H)Ar)P4]BPh4 [P = P(OEt)3, PPh(OEt)2; Ar = Ph, p-tolyl] and [RuH{eta1-1,3-p-tolyl-N=NN(H)-p-tolyl}{PPh(OEt)2}4]BPh4 derivatives were prepared by allowing kappa1-triflate MH(kappa1-OTf)P4 to react with 1,3-diaryltriazene. The [Os(kappa1-OTf){eta1-1,3-PhN=NN(H)Ph}{P(OEt)3}4]BPh4 intermediate was also obtained. Variable-temperature NMR studies were carried out using 15N-labeled triazene complexes prepared from the 1,3-Ph15N=N15N(H)Ph ligand. Osmium dihydrogen [OsH(eta2-H2)P4]BPh4 complexes [P = P(OEt)3, PPh(OEt)2] react with 1,3-ArN=NN(H)Ar triazene to give the hydride-diazene [OsH(ArN=NH)P4]BPh4 derivatives. The X-ray crystal structure determination of the [OsH(PhN=NH){PPh(OEt)2}4]BPh4 complex is reported. A reaction path to explain the formation of the diazene complexes is also reported.     

Mass and NMR spectra of haplophyllidine and perforine and of their derivatives

Conclusions The mass and NMR spectra of haplophyllidine, perforine, and their derivatives have been studied. The influence of the open and cyclic forms of the molecular ion on the nature of the fragmentation has been discussed. The main routes of fragmentation of the compounds considered are due to the presence of substituents at C₈ and C₄.Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, Vol. 5, No. 4, pp. 273–279, 1969     

Investigation of adhesion and mobility of polyurethane and epoxy-rubber glues and adhesives

The values of activation parameters in uncured and cured epoxy resins, rubbers, and blends thereof are investigated. The dependences of activation energy and adhesion strength of epoxy-rubber compositions on rubber content are determined. The correlation of adhesion and activation energy values for polyurethane rubber and epoxy-rubber compositions is shown.     

Crystal and molecular structure of aroyl- and acetylhydrazones of acet- and benzaldehydes

Aroyl- and acetylhydrazones of acet- (I) and benzaldehydes (IV) and benzoylhydrazones of acet- (II) and benzaldehydes (III) were studied by x-ray structural and quantum-chemical methods in order to establish their structures. Compund (I) was the EEZ structure in the crystal. Calculations and spectral data showed that the EEE form occurs in nonpolar solvents and in the gas phase. According to crystallographic data molecules (I)–(IV) are the E-isomers (relative to the N-N bond) and the hydrazone fragments are planar. Intermolecular N-H...O H-bonds from in the crystals. The data obtained suggest that the majority of acylhydrazones are conformationally rigid on dissolution although exceptions do occur. Apparently the reasons for the difference of acetyl- and benzoylhydrazones in electrocarboxylation reactions are electronic and not steric factors.Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 1, pp. 75–81, January, 1991.     

Preparation and characterization of diarylphosphazene and diarylphosphinohydrazide complexes of titanium, tungsten and ruthenium and phosphorylketimido complexes of rhenium

Reaction of the proligand Ph2PN(SiMe3)2 (L1) with WCl6 gives the oligomeric phosphazene complex [WCl4(NPPh2)]n, 1 and subsequent reaction with PMe2Ph or NBu4Cl gives [WCl4(NPPh2)(PMe2Ph)] (2) or [WCl5(NPPh2)][NBu4] (3), respectively. DF calculations on [WCl5(NPPh2)][NBu4] show a W=N double bond (1.756 A) and a P-N bond distance of 1.701 A, which combined with the geometry about the P atom suggests, there is no P-N multiple bonding. Reaction of L1 with [ReOX3(PPh3)2] in MeCN (X = Cl or Br) gives [ReX2(NC(CH3)P(O)Ph2)(MeCN)(PPh3)](X = Cl, 4, X = Br, 5) which contains the new phosphorylketimido ligand. It is bound to the rhenium centre with a virtually linear Re-N-C arrangement (Re-N-C angle = 176.6 degrees, when X = Cl) and there is multiple bonding between Re and N (Re-N = 1.809(7) A when X = Cl). The proligand Ph2PNHNMe2(L2H) reacts with [(C5H5)TiCl3] to give [(C5H5)TiCl2(Me2NNPPh2)] (6). An X-ray crystal structure of the complex shows the ligand (L2) is bound by both nitrogen atoms. Reaction of the proligands Ph2PNHNR2[R2 = Me2 (L2H), -(CH2CH2)2NCH3 (L3H), (CH2CH2)2CH2 (L4H)] with [{RuCl(mu-Cl)(eta6-p-MeC6H4iPr)}2] gave [RuCl2(eta6-p-MeC6H4iPr)L] {L = L2H (7), L3H (8), L4H (9)}. The X-ray crystal structures of 7-9 confirmed that the phosphinohydrazine ligand is neutral and bound via the phosphorus only. Reaction of complexes 7-9 with AgBF4 resulted in chloride ion abstraction and the formation of the cationic species [RuCl(6-p-MeC6H4iPr)(L)]+ BF4- {(L = L2H (10), L3H (11), L4H (12)}. Finally, reaction of complex 6 with [{RuCl(mu-Cl)(eta6-p-MeC6H4iPr)}2] gave the binuclear species [(eta6-p-MeC6H4iPr)Cl2Ru(mu2,eta3-Ph2PNNMe2)TiCl2(C5H5)], 13.     

Ti-V基储氢合金及其氢化物的物相结构与组分优化设计

Ti-V基储氢合金在室温、常压下即可表现出良好的储氢特性,且质量储氢容量明显高于传统AB₅型储氢合金,从而在氢气的精制和回收、运输和储存及热泵等方面有较早的应用。 此外,在混合气体分离、核反应堆中处理氢的同位素、镍氢电池及燃料电池负极材料等方面也得到了广泛的研究与关注。 基于目前Ti-V基储氢合金的研究现状,概述了该类合金的优势、限制性因素(包括成因)及改性手段。 此外,为了进一步理解Ti-V基合金储氢机理、构建合金组分与储氢特性之间的对应关系,本工作重点围绕Ti-V基储氢合金及其氢化物的结构、组分优化设计展开综述,并对其未来研究方向做出展望。     

Kinetics and mechanisms of chlorine dioxide and chlorite oxidations of cysteine and glutathione

Chlorine dioxide oxidation of cysteine (CSH) is investigated under pseudo-first-order conditions (with excess CSH) in buffered aqueous solutions, p[H+] 2.7-9.5 at 25.0 degrees C. The rates of chlorine dioxide decay are first order in both ClO2 and CSH concentrations and increase rapidly as the pH increases. The proposed mechanism is an electron transfer from CS- to ClO2 (1.03 x 10(8) M(-1) s(-1)) with a subsequent rapid reaction of the CS* radical and a second ClO2 to form a cysteinyl-ClO2 adduct (CSOClO). This highly reactive adduct decays via two pathways. In acidic solutions, it hydrolyzes to give CSO(2)H (sulfinic acid) and HOCl, which in turn rapidly react to form CSO3H (cysteic acid) and Cl-. As the pH increases, the (CSOClO) adduct reacts with CS- by a second pathway to form cystine (CSSC) and chlorite ion (ClO2-). The reaction stoichiometry changes from 6 ClO2:5 CSH at low pH to 2 ClO2:10 CSH at high pH. The ClO2 oxidation of glutathione anion (GS-) is also rapid with a second-order rate constant of 1.40 x 10(8) M(-1) s(-1). The reaction of ClO2 with CSSC is 7 orders of magnitude slower than the corresponding reaction with cysteinyl anion (CS-) at pH 6.7. Chlorite ion reacts with CSH; however, at p[H+] 6.7, the observed rate of this reaction is slower than the ClO2/CSH reaction by 6 orders of magnitude. Chlorite ion oxidizes CSH while being reduced to HOCl, which in turn reacts rapidly with CSH to form Cl-. The reaction products are CSSC and CSO3H with a pH-dependent distribution similar to the ClO2/CSH system.