Synthesis and spectral luminescence properties of dibenzo[b,i]phenoxazine and several of its derivatives

The synthesis of dibenzo[b,i]phenoxazine, its p-tert-butyl substituted analog, and a series of nitro-, amino-, and bromosubstituted derivatives, is described. The spectral luminescence properties of these newly synthesized compounds have been investigated.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 262–267, February, 1988.     

Calix[4]arenes with carboxamide and sulfonamide groups and their complexation with transition metal salts

Calix[4]arene derivatives functionalized by ester and carboxamide groups on the lower rim and sulfonamide groups on the upper rim were synthesized, and their complexing properties toward transition metal salts (Mn²⁺, Fe²⁺, Co²⁺, Ni²⁺, Cu²⁺) were studied by extraction in chloroform-water system. The presence of carboxamide and sulfonamide fragments in the ligand was shown to considerably enhance binding of transition metal cations.     

Phenanthrene-fused azo-ene-ynes: synthesis of dibenzo[f,h]cinnoline and dibenzo[e,g]isoindazole derivatives

The cyclization reactions of a phenanthreno-fused azo-ene-yne compound have been studied both experimentally and computationally. Experimental results show that this system is prone to dimerization, more so than previously studied naphthalene- and benzene-based analogues. Calculations reveal that pyrazoles and arene-fused pyrazoles strongly stabilize carbenes in the 5-position through "coarctate conjugation", suggesting a stationary concentration of the carbenes/carbenoids during cyclization that is high enough for dimerization.     

On the synthesis of pyrido[3,2,1-kl]phenothiazine,quino[8,1-bc][1,4]benzothiazepine and their derivatives

This review article comprises tetracyclic rigid analogues of phenothiazine and dibenzothiazepine derivatives. In order to discover new useful drugs, the side chain of the heterocyclic nucleus is incorporated into a ring forming tetracyclic compounds. The text has been divided in thirteen sections.     

Synthesis of [1,2,4]triazoloquinazoline and [1,2,4]-triazolo-1,4-benzodiazepine derivatives

Some [1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-c]quinazolin-5(6H)-ones 7 , the corresponding isomers [1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-c]quinazo-lin-5(6H)-ones and the 5-amino derivatives 8, 9 and 11 have been synthesized starting from the acylamidrazones 5 . The preparation of 5H-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-d]-1,4-benzodiazepin-6(7H)-ones 15 and of 5-cyclicaminomethyl-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-c]quinazolines 16 and 17 is also reported.     

Investigation of free radicals and cation-radicals of phenoxazine,phenothiazine, and phenothiazine derivatives by EPR and electron-nuclear resonance

Conclusions Double electron-nuclear resonance and triple electron-nuclear-nuclear resonance have been used for the first time to determine the HFS constants and their relative signs in free radicals and cation-radicals of phenoxazine, phenothiazine, and phenothiazine derivatives.Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 5, pp. 1094–1097, May, 1986.     

Diazabicycloalkanes with nitrogen atoms in bridgehead positions. 16. Synthesis and properties of benzo[b]-1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octene and dibenzo[b,e]-1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octadiene,containing primary aromatic amino acids

4-Aminobenzo[1,2-b]-1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octene and 4-aminodibenzo[1,2-b, e]-1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octadiene have been prepared by cyclization reactions of N--chloroethyl derivatives of 1,2,4-triaminobenzene and aminophenazine, and subsequent catalytic hydrogenation of the corresponding 4-nitrobenzo[1,2-b]-1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octene and 4-benzylaminodibenzo[1,2-b,e]-1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]-octadiene. Using the conversion of these compounds to azides as an example, we have demonstrated the feasibility of applying these primary aromatic amines for the synthesis of derivatives of these heterocycles.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 831–837, June, 1988.     

Pyrrolothieno[1,4]diazepines: Synthesis of alkoxy derivatives

Reactivity of 2-(2-formyl-1H-pyrrol-1-yl)-3-thiophenecarbonitrile and of 2-(2-formyl-1H-pyrrol-1-yl)-3-thiophenecarboxamide was evaluated against various alkoxides. The synthetic pathways involved in these reactions which led to new 4- and 6-alkoxypyrrolothieno[1,4]diazepines are described.     

Tricyanovinylation of phenoxazine and phenothiazine

In the reaction of tricyanoethylene (TCE) with phenoxazine in DMF at 100 ° C, in addition to the principal reaction product —viz., 3-(tricyanovinyl) phenoxazine — 3-dicyanomethylene-3H-phenoxazine and 3-phenoxazinyl-3-(3H-phenoxazinylene)-cyanomethane are formed in small amounts. The latter two compounds were also obtained from phenoxazine and dibromomalononitrile. Phenothiazine reacts similarly with tetracyanoethylene. A reaction scheme is proposed, and in this scheme the formation of side products is explained by significant electron transfer in the tetracyanoethylene-heterocycle system. For the first time, 1,6 cleavage of HCN was detected, in which (in contrast to the known 1,6 cleavage of HCN from carbon atoms) the hydrogen is split out from the nitrogen atom.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 326–330, March, 1985.     

Synthesis and photochemical reaction of novel p-alkylcalix[n]arene derivatives containing cationically polymerizable groups

New photoreactive p-methylcalix[6]arene (MCA) derivatives containing cationically polymerizable groups such as propargyl ether (calixarene 1), allyl ether (calixarene 2), and ethoxy vinyl ether (calixarene 3) groups were synthesized with 80, 74, and 84% yields by the substitution reaction of MCA with propargyl bromide, allyl bromide, and 2-chloroethyl vinyl ether (CEVE), respectively, in the presence of either potassium hydroxide or sodium hydride by using tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB) as a phase transfer catalyst (PTC). The p-tert-butylcalix[8]arene (BCA) derivative containing ethoxy vinyl ether groups (calixarene 4) was also synthesized in 83% yield by the substitution reaction of BCA with CEVE by using sodium hydride as a base and TBAB as a PTC. The MCA derivative containing 1-propenyl ether groups (calixarene 5) was synthesized in 80% yield by the isomerization of calixarene 2, which contained allyl ether groups, by using potassium tert-buthoxide as a catalyst. The photochemical reactions of carixarene 1, 3, 4, 5, and 6 were examined with certain photoacid generators in the film state. In this reaction system, calixarene 3 containing ethoxy vinyl ether groups showed the highest photochemical reactivity when bis-[4-(diphenylsulfonio)phenyl]sulfide bis(hexafluorophosphate) (DPSP) was used as the catalyst. On the other hand, calixarene 1 containing propargyl ether groups had the highest photochemical reactivity when 4-morpholino-2,5-dibuthoxybenzenediazonium hexafluorophosphate (MDBZ) was used as the catalyst. It was also found that the prepared carixarene derivatives containing cationically polymerizable groups such as propargyl, allyl, vinyl, and also 1-propenyl ethers have good thermal stability. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 37: 1805–1814, 1999     

Synthesis of polyoxygenated dibenzo[a,e]cycloheptatrienes

A successive route for the synthesis of substituted dibenzo[a,e]cycloheptatriene 1 was established by the reduction of 2-allylbenzaldehyde 4, the BF₃·OEt₂-mediated intermolecular coupling of 2-allylphenylmethanol 5 with oxygenated benzenes 6, the olefinic oxidative cleavage of 7 and the intramolecular ring-closure of 8. Functionalized anthracene 13 were prepared from 2-vinylbenzaldehyde 9. The key structures were confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction analysis.     

Synthesis of crowned phenoxazine derivatives

Summary 16H-2,5,8,11,14-Pentaoxacyclopentadecano[2,3-a]phenoxazin-16-one, its 17-bromo analogue and 16-hydroxy-2,5,8,11,14-pentaoxacyclopentadecanophenoxazine were prepared by the reaction of 1,4-quinone of benzo[15]crown-5 or its dibromide with 2-aminophenol. Dehalogenation of the bromophenoxazinone was also investigated.

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Synthese von Kronen-Phenoxazin-Derivaten (Kurze Mitt.)

Zusammenfassung 16H-2,5,8,11,14-Pentaoxacyclopentadecano[2,3-a]phenoxazin-16-on, sein Brom-Analog und 16-Hydroxy-pentaoxacyclopentadecanophenoxazin wurden mittels der Reaktion des 1,4-Chinons von Benzo[15]krone-5 oder dessen Dibromid mit 2-Aminophenol hergestellt. Die Dehalogenierung von Bromphenoxazinon wurde ebenfalls untersucht.

     

螺[二苯并[a,j]氧杂蒽-14,9'-芴]的合成及性质

芴酮与2-萘酚在硫酸和3-巯基丙酸的作用下反应得到化合物螺[二苯并[a,j]氧杂蒽-14,9'-芴]. 采用核磁共振、 质谱、 红外光谱和元素分析等对该化合物进行了表征, 并通过X射线衍射法测得了其晶体结构, 确定该化合物是通过二苯并[a,j]氧杂蒽中的含氧六元杂环和芴中的五元环共用一个碳原子形成一个螺环. 利用荧光光谱和热分析等手段对该化合物的性质进行了研究, 结果表明其最大荧光发射峰为366 nm, 熔点为297 ℃, 热分解温度为329 ℃, 具有较高的热稳定性.     

Synthesis and enantioselective hydrogenation of seven-membered cyclic imines: substituted dibenzo[b,f][1,4]oxazepines

Highly enantioselective hydrogenation of seven-membered cyclic imines, substituted dibenzo[b,f][1,4]oxazepines, was achieved, with up to 94% ee, by using the [Ir(COD)Cl](2)/(S)-Xyl-C(3)*-TunePhos complex as the catalyst in the presence of morpholine-HCl.     

Synthesis and photochemical reaction of novel p-alkylcalix[6]arene derivatives containing acryloyl or methacryloyl groups

Novel polyfunctional (meth)acrylates with a calixarene backbone [calixarene (meth)acrylates] were synthesized in good yields by certain reactions of p-methylcalix[6]arene (1a) or p-tert-butylcalix[6]arene (1b) with (meth)acrylate derivatives such as acryloyl chloride, methacryloyl chloride, (2-methacryloxy)ethyl isocyanate, and glycidyl methacrylate. Polyfunctional acrylate 6a having poly(oxyethylene) spacer chain between 1a and acrylate groups was also synthesized by the reaction of the poly(oxyethylene) modified 1a with acrylic acid. Calixarene acrylate 6a was liquid at room temperature, although the other calixarene (meth)acrylates were solid at room temperature. The initial decomposition temperature (IDT) of the resulting calixarene (meth)acrylates was measured by the thermogravimetric analysis to evaluate the thermal stability, and it was found that some of the IDTs of the calixarene acrylates were over 400°C. This means that calixarene (meth)acrylates have very good thermal stability. The photopolymerization of the resulting some calixarene (meth)acrylates with (2-phenyoxy)ethyl acrylate as a reactive diluent in the presence of photoinitiator proceeded smoothly upon irradiation with UV light. Therefore, polyfunctional (meth)acrylates with a calixarene backbone can be expected to be novel and thermally stable photoreactive acrylate oligomers. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 37: 3071–3078, 1999