微肥中锌的双硫腙螯合微粒共振散射光谱分析

在pH9．0的NH3—NH3-Cl缓冲溶液中,Zn(Ⅱ)与双硫腙可形成能稳定存在的螯合物微粒,显示出共振散射效应．该微粒体系的最强共振散射峰在605nm处,锌的浓度在0．02～1．54μg／mL范围内与共振散射强度(J605nm)呈线性关系,检出限为0．008μg／mL Zn．利用共振散射测量微肥中微量元素锌,方法简单、灵敏度高、重现性好,结果满意。     

酸性品红共振光散射法测定食品中的锌

建立了测定面制食品中锌的酸性品红共振光散射方法,研究了共振光散射的光谱特征及适宜的反应条件。在pH 6.88的Tris-盐酸缓冲介质及表面活性剂溴代十六烷基吡啶(TPB)存在下,Zn(Ⅱ)能够与酸性品红-TPB结合生成三元复合物,使共振光散射(RLS)显著增强并产生新的共振散射光谱,在最大散射峰379 nm处,体系的共振光散射增强程度(△IRLS)与0.008~0.25 mg·L~(-1)范围内的Zn(Ⅱ)呈线性关系,定量限为0.028 mg/100 g。方法简便、灵敏,加标回收率为98.9%~102%,相对标准偏差(RSD)(n=6)为2.0%~2.2%。方法用于面制食品中Zn的测定,结果满意。     

锌(Ⅱ)-硫氰酸盐-中性红体系共振瑞利散射法测定痕量锌

在pH 5.1的HAc-NaAc缓冲溶液中,聚乙烯醇存在下,Zn(Ⅱ)和硫氰酸盐形成的配阴离子[Zn(SCN)4]2-与中性红阳离子结合形成的离子缔合物具有共振瑞利散射光谱,其最强共振瑞利散射峰位于594.5 nm处。基于共振瑞利散射峰的增强,建立了测定痕量Zn(Ⅱ)的共振瑞利散射方法。Zn2+质量浓度在0~0.5μg/mL范围内呈良好的线性关系,检出限为1.9×10-5μg/mL。方法已用于水样中Zn2+的测定。     

Zn(Ⅱ)-硫氰酸盐-人血白蛋白体系共振Rayleigh光散射增强法对水环境Zn(Ⅱ)的测定

研究了Zn(SCN)2-4配合物与人血清白蛋白结合的散射光谱.结果发现,Zn(SCN)2-4的加入导致体系共振Rayleigh光散射增强;在一定条件下,600 nm处峰增强程度与Zn(Ⅱ)量成线性关系.据此建立了共振Rayleigh光散射增强法检测痕量Zn(Ⅱ)的新方法.方法线性范围0.005～1.0 mg/L,线性回归方程△IRRS=5.20 308.21 PZn(Ⅱ),相关系数r=0.999 6,检出限1.5μg/L,RSD为1.5%～3.3%,加标回收率为95%～103%.该方法结果与原子吸收法基本吻合.     

共振散射法测定中草药中的微量铬

研究了在H2SO4介质中,Cr(Ⅵ)与碘化物和淀粉形成离子缔合物的共振光散射增强现象,拟定了一种新的测定Cr(Ⅵ)的共振光散射方法,通过实验确定了溶液中Cr(Ⅵ)浓度与散射光强度之间的关系,在λex＝λem＝290 nm处,共振光散射最强,且共振光散射强度与Cr(Ⅵ)浓度呈线性关系,该方法简便快速,线性范围为34～400 μg/L,检出限为6.7 μg/L,可用于中草药样品中铬的测定.     

金纳米微粒共振光散射光谱探针测定维生素B_4-水溶性腺嘌呤的研究

建立了一种以金纳米微粒为探针共振光散射(RLS)法测定维生素B4的新方法.在弱酸性介质中(pH 4.2),金纳米微粒在635 nm有一最大共振散射峰.加入微量维生素B4后,金纳米微粒与维生素B4通过静电引力结合.形成了粒径较大的聚集体,导致RLS强度显著增强.研究了体系的共振光散射光谱特征和反应适宜条件,探讨了共振光散射增强的机理.结果表明,维生素B4质量浓度在0.1～5.0μg/mL 时与散射强度(△I)呈线性关系,检出限(3σ)为12.0 ng/mL,相对标准偏差(RSD)为2.2%.该方法已用于片剂中维生素B4的测定.     

花菁-脱氧核糖核酸的共振光散射光谱及其分析应用

研究了一种苯并噻唑阳离子花菁与脱氧核糖核酸(DNA)作用的共振光散射光谱,在pH 6.0的六次甲基四胺-HCl缓冲介质中,痕量DNA的加入使花菁在590nm的共振光散射强度显著增强。在最佳实验条件下,增强的共振光散射强度与DNA浓度具有良好的线性关系,据此建立了一种测定DNA的共振光散射光谱法。方法的线性范围为:小牛胸腺DNA(CT DNA),0～20μg/mL,鱼精子DNA(FS DNA),0～15μg/mL;检出限分别为0.005μg/mL和0.008μg/mL。该方法已用于合成样品中DNA的测定。     

聚丙烯酸与核酸相互作用的共振光散射光谱研究及其分析应用

研究了聚丙烯酸(PAA)与脱氧核糖核酸(DNA)相互作用的共振光散射(RLS)光谱.实验结果表明,在pH=2.0的B-R缓冲溶液中,PAA与DNA自身的共振光散射峰均较弱,但当二者发生静电作用形成复合物后,体系的共振光散射峰增强,散射增强程度则各不相同,其相对散射强度的顺序是fsDNA＞ctDNA＞yRNA.在一定范围...     

盐酸吖啶黄-脱氧核糖核酸反应体系的共振瑞利散射及其应用

研究了盐酸吖啶黄与脱氧核糖核酸(DNA)之间的共振瑞利散射(RRS)增强作用,提出了共振瑞利散射技术测定核酸的方法。在pH 6.4的B-R缓冲溶液中,盐酸吖啶黄与脱氧核糖核酸结合使溶液共振瑞利散射强度增强,其最大散射峰位于505 nm处,而在330 nm波长处有一稍弱的散射峰。DNA质量浓度在0.04~0.80 mg.L-1范围内,与RRS强度呈线性关系,检出限(3S/N)为0.023 mg.L-1。应用于测定合成样品中DNA含量并测得回收率为98.0%~104.0%。初步探讨了反应机理,盐酸吖啶黄与DNA间的相互作用包含有静电引力、π-π堆积力。     

茜素红-镧-牛血清白蛋白体系的共振瑞利散射及共振非线性散射光谱研究及应用

在pH 4.5的HAc-NaAc缓冲液中,茜素红(ARS)-镧与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)形成三元离子缔合物,导致共振瑞利散射(RRS)、二级散射(SOS)和倍频散射(FDS)显著增强,光谱最大散射波长分别位于373 nm 620 nm和310 nm.体系的光散射强度与BSA浓度在一定范围内呈线性增强,线性范围分别是RRS...     

核酸与丁基罗丹明B体系的共振散射光谱

在pH1.1的条件下，丁基罗丹明B在335、380、420和440nm有4个共振散射峰，加入核酸后，共振散射峰强度大增，其散射光强度与核酸的浓度呈线性关系，YRNA、FSDNA、CTDNA的线性方程分别为I＝2.74 10.64C、I＝2.08 16.19C、I＝2.98 6.08C(mg/L），基于此建立了具有较高灵敏度、操作简单的核酸测定,针该方法用于核酸人工合成样品的测定，结果令人满意。     

V(Ⅴ)-I~--十六烷基三甲基溴化铵体系共振散射光谱及分析应用

研究了在盐酸介质中,V(Ⅴ)-I--十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTMAB)离子缔合物的共振散射光谱。实验发现,当有V(Ⅴ)存在时,V(Ⅴ)与过量的I-反应生成I3-,I3-与CTMAB形成离子缔合物微粒(CTMAB+.I3-)n,使I--CTMAB溶液的共振光散射强度显著增加。在波长563nm处,共振散射光强度最大且光散射强度与钒浓度在2～60ng/mL范围内呈正比,据此建立了测定环境样品中痕量钒的共振散射光谱分析新方法,方法检出限为0.66ng/mL。用拟定的方法测定环境样品中微量钒,相对标准偏差小于7.5%,回收率在97.8%～102.4%。     

液相卤化银纳米微粒的界面荧光和共振散射光谱特性

液相卤化银纳米微粒的共振散射光谱和发射光谱表明,AgCl和AgBr纳米微粒均在330,400,470和680nm处产生4个共振散射峰,在340,400和470nm处产生三个荧光峰．Ad纳米微粒在340,400,437,470和680nm处产生5个共振散射峰;除在340,400和470nm处产生3个荧光峰外,在434nm处有一最强的荧光峰．卤化银纳米微粒体系的浓度对共振散射信号的影响与浓度对荧光强度的影响一致,Aga,AgBr和AgI体系的共振散射光信号强度分别约为荧光信号的110,130和80倍,即荧光与共振散射之间存在相关性．提出了液相AgX纳米微粒荧光产生机理,解释了荧光与共振散射之间存在相关性的原因．     

碳纳米微粒的共振散射光谱研究

液相碳纳米微粒的共振散射光谱实验表明,当碳浓度小于360mg/L时,它在400、470、510和940nm产生4个共振散射峰;浓度大于900mg/L时无共振散射、碳微粒浓度在0．45－45mg/L范围内与共振散射光强度I470nm成良好的性关系,研究了光源和扫描速度对液相碳纳米微粒共振散射光谱的影响。结果表明,光源的发射强度分布不一是产生共振散射光谱峰的一个重要因素,并结合已有的实验结果提出了界面共振吸收和黑白纳米微粒共振散射概念,解释了碳纳米微粒体系的共振散射光谱。     

曙红Y的共振光散射与共振荧光

研究了曙红Y（EY）的共振散射光谱、荧光光谱和吸收光谱,讨论了共振光散射与共振荧光的区别与联系。在EY水溶液三维荧光等高线光谱图中,瑞利散射线与荧光等高线有部分相交。EY的共振散射峰（525nm）介于荧光激发峰（514nm）和发射峰（536nm）之间。由光偏振实验,测得EY共振散射光谱525nm处的偏振度P=0．20。上述实验结果证明,EY的共振散射峰主要是共振荧光。在改变pH的实验中发现,EY共振光散射增强是由于酸碱平衡的移动导致荧光型体的形成。由于自吸收的影响,共振散射光强度与EY浓度之间不是严格的线性关系。     

A novel resonance Rayleigh scattering aptasensor for dopamine detection based on an Exonuclease III assisted signal amplification by G - quadruplex nanowires formation

A new method was constructed for detecting dopamine based on aptamer-specific recognition and resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS) of G - quadruplex nanowires (G - wires). The dopamine aptamer was used to recognize the target of dopamine, and the Exonuclease III was applied to cleave the hairpin DNA, and the G - wire formation was induced in the presence of K⁺ and Mg²⁺. This phenomenon was confirmed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Thus, a quantitative relationship between the RRS intensity of the G - wires and the dopamine concentration was established. The experimental conditions were optimized, such as the concentration of Mg²⁺, reaction temperature, reaction time and the concentration of Exonuclease III in the reaction system, and the interference substances were investigated, such as uric acid, ascorbic acid and serotonin. Under the optimal conditions, there was a good linear relationship between the RRS and the logarithm of dopamine concentration in the range from 5.0 × 10^-11 M to 1.0 × 10^-8 M (r = 0.995), with a detection limit of 1.2 × 10^-11 M. The novel method for dopamine detection showed excellent selectivity and high sensitivity, and could be used to detect dopamine in mice brain tissues.     

纳米金共振散射光谱法测定痕量乐果

在H2SO4介质中,有机磷乐果和钼酸钠、酒石酸锑钾反应,生成淡黄色的有机磷锑钼三元杂多酸,纳米金在726 nm处产生一个较强的共振散射峰。抗坏血酸可将该有机磷锑钼杂多酸还原为有机磷锑钼杂多蓝,导致726 nm处共振散射峰的强度降低。乐果质量浓度在0.014～1.66μg/mL范围内与共振散射光强度降低值ΔI呈良好的线性关系,其回归方程为ΔI=155.4ρ+1.4,相关系数为0.9970,方法的检出限为3.9 ng/mL,该法可用于废水中乐果的测定。     

共振非线性散射技术测定盐酸普鲁卡因与β-环湖精包结常数的新方法

盐酸普鲁卡因水溶液的共振非线性散射较弱，当β环糊精加人溶液中并与盐酸 普鲁片因形成包合物时，共振非线散射强度明显增强，且随着β-环糊精的浓度增 加，体系的共振非线性散射逐渐增强，利用共振非线性散射技术研究糊精与盐酸普 鲁卡因的相互作用，并发展了一种用二级散射、二倍频散射、三倍频散射和3／2倍 频散射技术测定β-包合物包结常数的新方法，测定结果与用分光光度法、荧光法 和共振瑞利散射法测得结果一致，从而建立起测定环糊精包结常数的新方法．     

Sandwich immunoassay for alpha-fetoprotein in human sera using gold nanoparticle and magnetic bead labels along with resonance Rayleigh scattering readout

We describe a sensitive sandwich immunoassay for alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). It is making use of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) and magnetic beads (MBs) as labels, and of resonance Rayleigh scattering for detection. Two antibodies were labeled with GNPs and MBs, respectively, and MB-antigen-GNP complexes were formed in the presence of antigens. The MB labels also serve as solid phase carriers that can be used to magnetically separate the immuno complex. The GNP labels are used as optical probes, and Rayleigh scattering was used to determine the concentration of free GNPs-antibody after separation of the MB-antigen-GNP complexes. The concentration of AFP is related to the intensity of light scattered by free GNPs in the 13.6 pM to 436 pM concentration range, and the limit of detection is 13.6 pM. The method was applied to the determination of AFP in sera of cancer patients, and the results agree well with those obtained by conventional ELISA.

Mercuric ions induced aggregation of gold nanoparticles as investigated by localized surface plasmon resonance light scattering and dynamic light scattering techniques

With the development of nanosciences, both localized surface plasmon resonance light scattering (LSPR-LS) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) techniques have been widely used for quantitative purposes with high sensitivity. In this contribution, we make a comparison of the two light scattering techniques by employing gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) aggregation induced by mercuric ions. It was found that citrate-stabilized AuNPs got aggregated in aqueous medium in the presence of mercuric ions through a chelation process, resulting in greatly enhanced LSPR-LS signals and increased hydrodynamic diameter. The enhanced LSPR-LS intensity ( I) is proportional to the concentration of mercuric ions in the range of 0.4-2.5 M following the linear regression equation of I = 84.7+516.4c, with the correlation coefficient of 0.983 (n = 6) and the limit of determination (3 ) about 0.10 M. On the other hand, the increased hydrodynamic diameter can be identified by the DLS signals only with a concentration of Hg 2+ in the range of 1.0-2.5 M, and a linear relationship between the average hydrodynamic diameters of the resulted aggregates and the concentration of Hg 2+ can be expressed as d = 6.16 + 45.9c with the correlation coefficient of 0.994. In such case, LSPR-LS signals were further applied to the selective determination of mercuric ions in lake water samples with high sensitivity and simple operation.