~(50,48,46)Ti的(n,p)(n,α)和~(58)Ni的(n,2n)(n,p)反应截面的测量

本文叙述了从13.50 MeV到14.81 MeV中子能区用活化法相对~(21)Al(n,α)~(24)Na的反应截面,对~(50)Ti(n,α)~(47)Ca、~(48)Ti(n,p)~(48)Sc、~(46)Ti(n,p)~(46)Sc、~(58)Ni(n,2n)~(57)Ni、~(58)Ni(n,p)~(58m+g)Co五个反应截面的测量。并将所得的结果和其他作者的结果进行了比较。     

几个(n,d~*),(n,t)和(n,n′α)反应截面的测量

本文报告了En～14MeV中子以~(27)Al(n,a)~(24)Na或~(93)Nb(n,2n)~(92m)Nb反应截面为中子注量标准测得的~(92)Mo(n,d~*)~(91m)Nb,~(106)Cd(n,d~*)~(105)Ag;~(54)Fe(n,t)~(25m+g)Mn,~(58)Ni(n,t)~(56)Co;~(51)V(n,n'a)~(47)Sc和~(92)Mo(n,n'a)~(88)Zr的反应截面。文中还列举了能收集蓟的数据以作比较,中子能量是用铌锆截面比法测定的。     

快中子(n,α)和(n,p)反应的研究

快中子核反应数据,不论对反应堆和聚变堆的设计,还是对核反应机制和核结构的研究及其理论的发展均有着重要的意义．由于屏栅电离室的诸多特点,被用于快中子核反应截面、能谱及双微分截面的测量．作为系统研究的一部分,利用屏栅电离室在北京大学４．５ＭＶ静电加速器上和在４～７ＭｅＶ能区内,对４０Ｃａ、６４Ｚｎ、５８Ｎｉ、５４Ｆｅ、３９Ｋ的（ｎ,α）反应进行了成功的测量,并对５８Ｎｉ的（ｎ,ｐ）反应进行了初步的测量．实验给出了反应中出射粒子的微分能谱、角分布和反应截面．从测量结果来看,在所测能区内,角分布大致是９０°对称的,说明在此能区复合核反应机制起主要作用．The study of the charged particle emission reactions induced by 3～7 MeV fast neutrons is of considerable interest for both nuclear applications and the understanding of basic nuclear problems. For its many merits, twin gridded ionization chamber is used in the studies of (n,α) and (n,p) reactions. As a part of systematic investigation, the (n,α) reactions for some nuclei, such as 40 Ca, 64 Zn, 58 Ni, 54 Fe, 39 K have been studied. Cross sections...     

~(59)Co(n,p)~(59)Fe,~(59)Co(n,α)~(56)Mn,~(59)Co(n,2n)~(58)Co反应截面的测量

本实验用活化法测量了中子能量在12.8MeV到17.8MeV的~(59)Co(n,p)~(59)Fe,~(59)Co(n,α)~(56)Mn,~(59)Co(n,2n)~(58)Co三个反应道的反应截面值,实验的测量误差在3.3％—6.9％范围内. 本文还计算了反应截面测量误差的协方差矩阵,并将实验测量值与理论计算值进行了比较.另外,还对上述三个反应道的截面进行编评,给出了推荐的激发曲线.     

几个(n,d),(n,t)和(n,n'α)反应截面的测量

本文报告了En～14MeV中子以²⁷Al(n,α)²⁴Na或⁹³Nb(n,2n)^92mNb反应截面为中子注量标准测得的⁹²Mo(n,d*)^91mNb,¹⁰⁶Cd(n,d*)¹⁰⁵Ag;⁵⁴Fe(n,t)^52m+gMn,⁵⁸Ni(n,t)⁵⁶Co;⁵¹V(n,n'α)⁴⁷Sc和⁹²Mo(n,n'α)⁸⁸Zr的反应截面.文中还列举了能收集到的数据以作比较,中子能量是用铌锆截面比法测定的.     

(n,n)-(2n, 0)碳纳米管异质结的扭转力学特性

相近直径的锯齿型和扶手椅型碳纳米管可以共轴组合形成5-7碳环交替出现的柱形对称异质结. 本文利用分子动力学方法研究了直径相近且等长锯齿型和扶手椅型碳纳米管形成的(n, n)-(2n, 0)结在扭转过程中的扭矩和轴向应力随扭转角度的变化规律以及应力传递过程. 研究发现, (n, n)-(2n, 0)结扭转应变在达弹性限度内不会产生轴向应力, 该效应对基于碳纳米管扭转特性的纳米振荡器件的设计具有重要意义.     

Cross Section Measurements for (n,d*)(n,t) and (n,n'α) Reactions

Cross sections for some (n,d*),(n,t) and (n,n'α)reactions have been measured by using the activation method relative to cross sections of ²⁷Al(n,α)²⁴Na or ⁹³Nb(n,2n)^92mNb reactions in neutron energies around 14MeV.In this paper some of the published cross section data have also been listed and compared with our results.The neutron energies were determined by the method of cross section ratios for the reactions of ⁹⁰Zr(n,2n) ^89m+gZr and ⁹³Nb(n,2n)^92mNb.     

~(58)Ni(n,p),~(60)Ni(n,p),~(62)Ni(n,α)和~(54)Fe(n,p)反应截面的测量与评价

本实验用活化法测量了中子能量在13.60 MeV—17.77 MeV的~(58)Ni(n,p)~(58m+g)Co,~(60)Ni(n,p)~(60)Co和~(62)Ni(n,α)~(59)Fe三个反应道的反应截面值,并计算了反应截面测量误差的协方差矩阵。实验的测量误差在3％—7％范围内。本文还对上述三个反应截面及~(54)Fe(n,p)~(54)Mn反应截面进行了编译,推荐了从阈能到20MeV能区的激发曲线。     

(n,p)和(n,α)激发函数半经验计算方法

在En≤20MeV的情况下,忽略了粒子的二次发射过程,认为复合系统的形成截面是能量相关的,得到了理论模型清晰、公式形式简单的半经验计算方法.在靶核23≤A≤209的范围内,利用大量(n,p)和(n,α)反应的截面实验数据对可调参数进行了研究,得到了参数对靶核的N和Z以及入射能量的依赖关系.对得到的参数做了定性的解释,利用普适参数对(n,p)和(n,α)反应的激发函数做了预言,预言值在其误差范围内与实验数据一致. To simplify the calculation, some assumptions are considered at present work. The preequilibrium emission is the first step in the equilibrium process, which is characterized by exciton n=3 and "never come back" are considered at the preequilibrium emission process; the proton and alpha emissions are only competed with the neutron emission, the second particle emission is neglected. A semiempirical method of the cross section for (n, p ) and (n, α) reactions were obtained on the basis of evaporatio...     

~(100)Mo(n,2n)~(99)Mo,~(96)Mo(n,p)~(96)Nb和~(92)Mo(n,α)~(89m+g)Zr反应截面测量

本文报告了在E_n=13.40—14.79MeV中子能区用活化法以~(27)Al(n,α)~(24)Na截面为中子注量标准测得的~(100)Mo(n,2n)~(99)Mo,~(96)Mo(n,p)~(96)Nb和~(92)Mo(n,α)~(89m+g)Zr的反应截面,中子能量是用铌锆截面比法测定的。文中将实验测量值与理论计算值进行了比较,还对上述三个反应的截面进行了编评,给出了推荐的激发曲线。     

(n,2n),(n,3n)反应激发函数的系统学研究

本文用包括平衡前发射在内的蒸发模型理论研究了(n,2n),(n,3n)反应的激发函数系统学.在对实验数据分析、拟合的基础上,得到一组较好的经验参数.利用这组参数计算得到的截面和实验结果符合较好.     

(p,n)和(p,2n)反应激发函数的系统学研究

从普朗克(Planck)黑体辐射公式和实验测量数据出发,采用唯象的方法提出了包含两个可调参量,入射质子能量从阈能到150MeV,靶核质量数在44相似文献   

Synthesis and characterization of layered perovskite oxides (La, Sr) n + 1(Ti, Cr) n O3n + 1 (n = 1, 2)

We report here the synthesis of layered perovskite oxides of the composition La_0.5Sr_1.5Ti_0.5Cr_0.5O₄ and LaSr₂TiCrO₇ by conventional solid-state reaction method. Results of XRD analysis show that the phases crystallize with tetragonal unit cell in the space group I4/mmm. Both phases behave as insulators and the linearity of log ρ versus T ^?1/4 plot in the temperature range 150–350 K suggests that the electronic conduction occurs by Mott’s variable range hopping mechanism. The antiferromagnetic interactions observed for the samples arise from Cr³⁺–O–Cr³⁺ superexchange interaction.     

New data on (γ, n), (γ, 2n), and (γ, 3n) partial photoneutron reactions

Systematic discrepancies between the results of various experiments devoted to determining cross sections for total and partial photoneutron reactions are analyzed by using objective criteria of reliability of data in terms of the transitional photoneutron-multiplicity function F _i = σ(γ, in)/σ(γ, xn), whose values for i = 1, 2, 3, ... cannot exceed by definition 1.00, 0.50, 0.33, ..., respectively. It was found that the majority of experimental data on the cross sections obtained for (γ, n), (γ, 2n), and (γ, 3n) reactions with the aid of methods of photoneutron multiplicity sorting do not meet objective criteria (in particular, F ₂ > 0.50 for a vast body of data). New data on the cross sections for partial reactions on ¹⁸¹Ta and ²⁰⁸Pb nuclei were obtained within a new experimental-theoretical method that was proposed for the evaluation of cross sections for partial reactions and in which the experimental neutron yield cross section σ ^expt(γ, xn) = σ(γ, n) + 2σ(γ, 2n) + 3σ(γ, 3n) + ..., which is free from problems associated with determining neutron multiplicities, is used simultaneously with the functions F _i ^theor calculated within a combined model of photonuclear reactions.     

~(55)Mn(α,n)~(58m,g)Co,~(55)Mn(α,2n)~(57)Co和~(55)Mn(α,α′n)~(54)Mn反应的激发函数

用活化法和迭靶技术,在入射α粒子能量从10.4到26.5MeV范围内,测量了~(55)Mn(α,n)~(58m,g)Co、~(55)Mn(α,2n)~(57)Co和~(55)Mn(α,α′n)~(54)Mn反应的截面,并同激子模型理论计算作了比较,结果表明在上述反应中存在平衡前发射反应机制。     

93Nb(n,2n)92mNb反应截面测量

用活化法以^27Al(n,α)^24Na反应截面为中子注量标准，对14MeV能区中子引起的^93Nb(n,2n)^92mNb反应截面进行了测量。中子能量由硅探测器法测定。     

中重核14.5MeV (n,2n),(n,3n)反应截面的系统学计算

本文从中子核反应机制出发,讨论(n,2n),(n,3n)反应过程,给出约化截面的计算公式.按照系统学方法计算z=58—83的53个中重核的14.5MeV (n,2n),(n,3n)反应截面,计算结果与实验值符合较好.     

50,40,46的(n,p)(n,α)和58Ni的(n,2n)(n,p)反应截面的测量

本文叙述了从13.50MeV到14.81MeV中子能区用活化法相对²⁷Al(n,α²⁴Na的反应截面,对⁵⁰Ti(n,α)⁴⁷Ca、⁴⁸Ti(n,p)⁴⁸Sc、⁴⁶Ti(n,p)⁴⁶Sc、⁵⁸Ni(n,2n)⁵⁷Ni、⁵⁸Ni(n,p)^58m+gCo五个反应截面的测量.并将所得的结果和其他作者的结果进行了比较.     

(n,2n)反应同质异能态截面比

在统计理论及考虑角动量守恒的激子模型的基础上,运用Monte Carlo方法计算(n,20)反应同质异能态截面比. 以⁵⁹Co(n,2n)⁵⁸Co、⁹³Nb(n,2n)⁹²Nb和¹⁸¹Ta(n,2n)¹⁸⁰Ta的3个反应道为例,计算从其阈能到20MeV能区的同质异能态截面比,并和已有实验数据做了比较,结果符合较好. 这表明本文提供的方法是计算(n,2n)反应同质异能态截面比的一种有效方法.