On the quiver with relations of a repetitive algebra

Let A = kQ/ár?A = kQ/\langle \rho \rangle be a finite-dimensional k-algebra where r\rho is a set of relations for the quiver Q. Assume that r\rho contains only zero-relations or commutativity-relations. We describe explicitly the quiver with relations of the repetitive algebra  of A. The following well known result of D. Happel is one of the main reasons for studying Â: If A is of finite global dimension, then the stable module category of  and the derived category of A are equivalent.     

Linear recurrence relations in the algebra of matrices and applications

We study here some linear recurrence relations in the algebra of square matrices. With the aid of the Cayley–Hamilton Theorem, we derive some explicit formulas for Aⁿ (nr) and e^tA for every r×r matrix A, in terms of the coefficients of its characteristic polynomial and matrices A^j, where 0jr−1.     

Representation of a quiver with relations

Representations of a quiver that is a chain of commutative squares are studied. It is proved that the problem of classification of representations of such a quiver is a tame problem, and a structure of representations is given. This result is a generalization of several known results concerning some important matrix problems. Bibliography:3 titles. Translated fromZapiski Nauchnykh Seminarov POMI, Vol. 227, 1995, pp. 140–151.     

The Simple Connectedness of a Tame Weakly Shod Algebra

Abstract

We prove that a tame weakly shod algebra A which is not quasi-tilted is simply connected if and only if the orbit graph of its pip-bounded component is a tree, or if and only if its first Hochschild cohomology group H¹(A) with coefficients in _A A _A vanishes. We also show that it is strongly simply connected if and only if the orbit graph of each of its directed components is a tree, or if and only if H¹(A) = 0 and it contains no full convex subcategory which is hereditary of type 𝔸?, or if and only if it is separated and contains no full convex subcategory which is hereditary of type 𝔸?.     

Symmetric functions and the centre of the Ringel-Hall algebra of a cyclic quiver

We obtain explicit generators for the centre of the Ringel-Hall algebra of a cyclic quiver and define a canonical algebra monomorphism from Macdonald's ring of symmetric functions to the centre, which furthermore respects the comultiplication and the symmetric bilinear form. Dedicated to Claus Michael Ringel on the occasion of his 60th birthday     

On the tensor algebra of a non-abelian group and applications

We introduce the tensor algebra J() of a crossed complex and give its relations with the James construction for a filtered space. For a group G, we define via multi-derivations the derived algebra I _* G which is isomorphic to the algebra C(JG) of chains on JG We derive from a certain exact sequence for the homology H*JG applications to the homotopy of the suspended classifying space BG.     

Linear relations in the Calkin algebra for composition operators

We consider this and related questions: When is a finite linear combination of composition operators, acting on the Hardy space or the standard weighted Bergman spaces on the unit disk, a compact operator?

     

On the Hochschild (co)homology of a monomial algebra given by a cyclic quiver and two zero-relations

Let K be an algebraically closed field and Γ a cyclic quiver. Xu and Wang investigated the Hochschild (co)homology groups of KΓ∕I, where I is an ideal of KΓ generated by one path. In this paper, in the case that I is an ideal of KΓ generated by two paths, we give the module structure of the Hochschild (co)homology groups of KΓ∕I.     

Bases of the quantum cluster algebra of the Kronecker quiver

We construct bar-invariant Z[q ±1/2 ]-bases of the quantum cluster algebra of Kronecker quiver which are quantum analogues of the canonical basis, semicanonical basis and dual semicanonical basis of the corresponding cluster algebra. As a byproduct, we prove positivity of the elements in these bases.     

The adjoint braid arrangement as a combinatorial Lie algebra via the Steinmann relations

We study a certain discrete differentiation of piecewise-constant functions on the adjoint of the braid hyperplane arrangement, defined by taking finite-differences across hyperplanes. In terms of Aguiar-Mahajan's Lie theory of hyperplane arrangements, we show that this structure is equivalent to the action of Lie elements on faces. We use layered binary trees to encode flags of adjoint arrangement faces, allowing for the representation of certain Lie elements by antisymmetrized layered binary forests. This is dual to the well-known use of (delayered) binary trees to represent Lie elements of the braid arrangement. The discrete derivative then induces an action of layered binary forests on piecewise-constant functions, which we call the forest derivative. Our main result states that forest derivatives of functions factorize as external products of functions precisely if one restricts to functions which satisfy the Steinmann relations, which are certain four-term linear relations appearing in the foundations of axiomatic quantum field theory. We also show that the forest derivative satisfies the Lie properties of antisymmetry the Jacobi identity. It follows from these Lie properties, and also crucially factorization, that functions which satisfy the Steinmann relations form a left comodule of the Lie cooperad, with the coaction given by the forest derivative. Dually, this endows the adjoint braid arrangement modulo the Steinmann relations with the structure of a Lie algebra internal to the category of vector species. This work is a first step towards describing new connections between Hopf theory in species and quantum field theory.     

Aggregating nonnegative eigenvectors of the adjacency matrix as a measure of centrality for a directed graph

Eigenvector centrality is a popular measure that uses the principal eigenvector of the adjacency matrix to distinguish importance of nodes in a graph. To find the principal eigenvector, the power method iterating from a random initial vector is often adopted. In this article, we consider the adjacency matrix of a directed graph and choose suitable initial vectors according to strongly connected components of the graph instead so that nonnegative eigenvectors, including the principal one, can be found. Consequently, for aggregating nonnegative eigenvectors, we propose a weighted measure of centrality, called the aggregated-eigenvector centrality. Weighting each nonnegative eigenvector by the reachability of the associated strongly connected component, we can obtain a measure that follows a status hierarchy in a directed graph.     

Perturbed recurrence relations III the general case—some new applications

In this paper, we give some new extensions and some new applications of our results on the perturbation of coefficients and the order of a general recurrence relation—for example we will give some new results for the asymptotic properties, for the zeros and for the differential equations of the polynomials which satisfy the perturbed recurrence relation.      

Quotients of Incidence Algebras and the Euler Characteristic

In this note, we show that, if A ? kQ _A /I _A is a schurian strongly simply connected algebra given by its normed presentation, and Σ is the unique poset whose Hasse quiver coincides with Q _A , then A ? kΣ if and only if I _A has a generating set consisting of exactly χ(Q _A ) elements, where χ(Q _A ) is the Euler characteristic of Q _A . We also prove that a quotient of an incidence algebra A = kΣ/J is strongly simply connected if and only if A is simply connected and kΣ is strongly simply connected.     

Coalgebra extensions and algebra coextensions of galois type

The notion of a coalgebra-Galois extension is defined as a natural generalisation of a Hopf-Galois extension. It is shown that any coalgebra-Galois extension induces a unique entwining map ψ compatible with the right coaction. For the dual notion of an algebra-Galois coextension it is also proven that there always exists a unique entwining structure compatible with the right action.     

含有两个非临界点的强连通定向图的弧数

证明顶点数为$n\geq 4$,弧数为$m\geq {n-1 \choose 2}+3$的强连通定向
图$D$中存在两点$u^*$、!$v^*$,使得$D-u^*$和$D-v^*$都是强连通的, 并用例子说明这里所给的
关于弧数的下界是紧的.     

On order of elements in hypergroups and p-Sylow subhypergroups

In this paper we define a left order, right order and order of an element in a hypergroup, which has a left scalar identity, right scalar identity and scalar identity, respectively. Using left and right orders, we define and investigate some classes of subhypergroups, especially p-Sylow subhypergroups of a hypergroup. Moreover, some examples have been proposed to show that the Sylow theorems do not hold for polygroups.