Models for homotopy categories of injectives and Gorenstein injectives

A natural generalization of locally noetherian and locally coherent categories leads us to define locally type FP_∞ categories. They include not just all categories of modules over a ring, but also the category of sheaves over any concentrated scheme. In this setting we generalize and study the absolutely clean objects recently introduced in [5 Bravo, D., Gillespie, J., Hovey, M. The stable module category of a general ring (arXiv:1405.5768). [Google Scholar]]. We show that 𝒟(𝒜𝒞), the derived category of absolutely clean objects, is always compactly generated and that it is embedded in K(Inj), the chain homotopy category of injectives, as a full subcategory containing the DG-injectives. Assuming the ground category 𝒢 has a set of generators satisfying a certain vanishing property, we also show that there is a recollement relating 𝒟(𝒜𝒞) to the (also compactly generated) derived category 𝒟(𝒢). Finally, we generalize the Gorenstein AC-injectives of [5 Bravo, D., Gillespie, J., Hovey, M. The stable module category of a general ring (arXiv:1405.5768). [Google Scholar]], showing that they are the fibrant objects of a cofibrantly generated model structure on 𝒢.     

On Strongly Gorenstein FP-Injective Modules

This article continues to investigate a particular case of Gorenstein FP-injective modules, called strongly Gorenstein FP-injective modules. Some examples are given to show that strongly Gorenstein FP-injective modules lie strictly between FP-injective modules and Gorenstein FP-injective modules. Various results are developed, many extending known results in [1 Bennis , D. , Mahdou , N. ( 2007 ). Strongly Gorenstein projective, injective, and flat modules . J. Pure Appl. Algebra 210 : 437 – 445 .[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]]. We also characterize FC rings in terms of strongly Gorenstein FP-injective, projective, and flat modules.     

Gorenstein coresolving categories

Let 𝒜 be an abelian category. A subcategory 𝒳 of 𝒜 is called coresolving if 𝒳 is closed under extensions and cokernels of monomorphisms and contains all injective objects of 𝒜. In this paper, we introduce and study Gorenstein coresolving categories, which unify the following notions: Gorenstein injective modules [8 Enochs, E. E., Jenda, O. M. G. (1995). Gorenstein injective and projective modules. Math. Z. 220:611–633.[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]], Gorenstein FP-injective modules [20 Mao, L. X., Ding, N. Q. (2008). Gorenstein FP-injective and Gorenstein flat modules. J. Algebra Appl. 7:491–506.[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]], Gorenstein AC-injective modules [3 Bravo, D., Gillespie, J. (2016). Absolutely clean, level, and Gorenstein AC-injective complexes. Commun. Algebra 44:2213–2233.[Taylor & Francis Online], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]], and so on. Then we define a resolution dimension relative to the Gorenstein coresolving category 𝒢?_𝒳(𝒜). We investigate the properties of the homological dimension and unify some important properties possessed by some known homological dimensions. In addition, we study stability of the Gorenstein coresolving category 𝒢?_𝒳(𝒜) and apply the obtained properties to special subcategories and in particular to module categories.     

GRADE AND GORENSTEIN DIMENSION

Let R be a commutative Noetherian ring and let M be a finite (that is, finitely generated) R-module. The notion grade of M, grade M, has been introduced by Rees as the least integer t ≥ 0 such that Ext ^t _R (M,R) ≠ 0, see [11] Rees, D. 1957. The Grade of an Ideal or Module. Proc. Camb. Phil. Soc., 53: 28–42. [Crossref] , [Google Scholar]. The Gorenstein dimension of M, G-dim M, has been introduced by Auslander as the largest integer t ≥ 0 such that Ext ^t _R (M, R) ≠ 0, see [3] Auslander, M. 1967. Anneaux De Gorenstein Et Torsion En Algebre Commutative Edited by: Mangeney, M., Peskine, C. and Szpiro, L. Paris: Ecole Normale Superieure de Jeunes Filles.  [Google Scholar]. In this paper the R-module M is called G-perfect if grade M = G-dim M. It is a generalization of perfect module. We prove several results for the new concept similar to the classical results.     

On the almost Gorenstein property of determinantal rings

In this paper, we investigate the question of when the determinantal ring R over a field k is an almost Gorenstein local/graded ring in the sense of [14 Goto, S., Takahashi, R., Taniguchi, N. (2015). Almost Gorenstein rings - towards a theory of higher dimension. J. Pure Appl. Algebra 219:2666–2712.[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]]. As a consequence of the main result, we see that if R is a non-Gorenstein almost Gorenstein local/graded ring, then the ring R has a minimal multiplicity.     

Unifying strongly clean power series rings

It is unknown whether a power series ring over a strongly clean ring is, itself, always strongly clean. Although a number of authors have shown that the above statement is true in certain special cases, the problem remains open, in general. In this article, we look at a class of strongly clean rings, which we call the optimally clean rings, over which power series are strongly clean. This condition is motivated by work in [10 Diesl, A. J., Dorsey, T. J., Garg, S., Khurana, D. (2012). A note on completeness and strongly clean rings, preprint. [Google Scholar]] and [11 Diesl, A. J., Dorsey, T. J., Iberkleid, W., LaFuente-Rodriguez, R., McGovern, W (2013). Strongly clean triangular matrices over abelian rings, preprint. [Google Scholar]]. We explore the properties of optimally clean rings and provide many examples, highlighting the role that this new class of rings plays in investigating the question of strongly clean power series.     

Feebly Baer Rings and Modules

A right module M over a ring R is called feebly Baer if, whenever xa = 0 with x ∈ M and a ∈ R, there exists e² = e ∈ R such that xe = 0 and ea = a. The ring R is called feebly Baer if R_R is a feebly Baer module. These notions are motivated by the commutative analog discussed in a recent paper by Knox, Levy, McGovern, and Shapiro [6 Knox , M. L. , Levy , R. , McGovern , W. Wm. , Shapiro , J. ( 2009 ) Generalizations of complemented rings with applications to rings of functions. . J. Alg. Appl. 8 ( 1 ): 17 – 40 .[Crossref] , [Google Scholar]]. Basic properties of feebly Baer rings and modules are proved, and their connections with von Neumann regular rings are addressed.     

Almost-Perfect Rings and Modules

Following [1 Amini , A. , Ershad , M. , Sharif , H. ( 2008 ). Rings over which flat covers of finitely generated modules are projective . Comm. Algebra 36 : 2862 – 2871 .[Taylor &; Francis Online], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]], a ring R is called right almost-perfect if every flat right R-module is projective relative to R. In this article, we continue the study of these rings and will find some new characterizations of them in terms of decompositions of flat modules. Also we show that a ring R is right almost-perfect if and only if every right ideal of R is a cotorsion module. Furthermore, we prove that over a right almost-perfect ring, every flat module with superfluous radical is projective. Moreover, we define almost-perfect modules and investigate some properties of them.     

Action of generalized symmetric groups on symmetric and exterior powers of their natural representations

We establish upper and lower bounds on the dimension of the space spanned by the symmetric powers of the natural character of generalized symmetric groups. We adapt the methods of Savitt and Stanley from [4 Savitt, D., Stanley, R. P. (2000). A note on the symmetric powers of the standard representation of S_n. Electron. J. Combin. 7:R6. [Google Scholar]] to obtain bounds both over the complex numbers and in prime characteristic.     

A Complete Convergence Theorem for Row Sums from Arrays of Rowwise Independent Random Elements in Rademacher Type p Banach Spaces

We extend in several directions a complete convergence theorem for row sums from an array of rowwise independent random variables obtained by Sung, Volodin, and Hu [8 Sung , S.H. , Volodin , A.I. , and Hu , T.-C. ( 2005 ). More on complete convergence for arrays. Statist. Probab. Lett. 71:303–311.  [Google Scholar]] to an array of rowwise independent random elements taking values in a real separable Rademacher type p Banach space. An example is presented which illustrates that our result extends the Sung, Volodin, and Hu result even for the random variable case.     

Application of Full Quivers of Representations of Algebras,to Polynomial Identities

In [7 Belov , A. , Rowen , L. H. , Vishne , U. Full quivers of representations of algebras. To appear in Trans. Amer. Math. Soc.  [Google Scholar]] we introduced the notion of full quivers of representations of algebras, which are more explicit than quivers of algebras, and better suited for algebras over finite fields. Here, we consider full quivers as a combinatorial tool in order to describe PI-varieties of algebras. We apply the theory to clarify the proofs of diverse topics in the literature: Determining which relatively free algebras are weakly Noetherian, determining when relatively free algebras are finitely presented, presenting a quick proof for the rationality of the Hilbert series of a relatively free PI-algebra, and explaining counterexamples to Specht's conjecture for varieties of Lie algebras.     

On computing the integral closure

In Hai and Thin [1 Hai , B. X. , Thin , N. V. On locally nilpotent subgroups of GL ₁(D). Communications in Algebra 37 ( 2 ): 712 – 718 . [Google Scholar]], there is a theorem, stating that every locally nilpotent subnormal subgroup in a division ring D is central (see [1 Hai , B. X. , Thin , N. V. On locally nilpotent subgroups of GL ₁(D). Communications in Algebra 37 ( 2 ): 712 – 718 . [Google Scholar], Theoerem 2.2]). Unfortunately, there is some mistake in the proof of this theorem. In this note, we give the another proof of this theorem.     

A Note on the Dimension Theory of ℤ n -Graded Rings

In this note we want to generalize some of the results in [1 Brewer , J. , Montgomery , P. , Rutter E. , Heinzer , W. ( 1973 ). Krull dimension of polynomial rings in “Conference on Commutative Algebra, Lawrence 1972.” . Springer Lecture Notes in Mathematics 311 : 26 – 45 .[Crossref] , [Google Scholar]] from polynomial rings in several indeterminates to arbitrary ? ⁿ -graded commutative rings. We will prove an analogue of Jaffard's Special Chain Theorem and a similar result for the height of a prime ideal 𝔭 over its graded core 𝔭*.     

A ring with FT-rank two

We construct a ring which admits a 2-generated, faithful torsion module but lacks a cyclic faithful torsion module. This answers a question by Oman and Schwiebert [1 Oman, G., Schwiebert, R. (2012). Rings which admit faithful torsion modules. Commun. Algebra 40(6):2184–2198.[Taylor & Francis Online], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar], 2 Oman, G., Schwiebert, R. (2012). Rings which admit faithful torsion modules II. J. Algebra Appl. 11(3):1250054 (12 p.).[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]].     

On Goldie Extending Modules with Condition (C2)

A module M is said to be continuous if it is extending with the condition (C₂) (cf. [6 Mohamed, S. H., Müller, B. J. (1999). Continuous and Discrete Modules. London Math. Soc. LNS, Vol. 147. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press. [Google Scholar]], [7 Oshiro, K. (1983). Continuous modules and quasi-continuous modules. Osaka J. Math. 20:681–694.[Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]]). In this article, we consider a 𝒢-extending module with (C₂) which is a generalization of a continuous module. First, we show that any 𝒢-extending module with (C₂) satisfies the exchange property. We also prove that, if M₁ and M₂ are 𝒢-extending modules with (C₂), then M₁ ⊕ M₂ is 𝒢-extending with (C₂) if and only if M_i is M_j-ejective (i ≠ j).     

Stratifying Systems via Relative Projective Modules

ABSTRACT

In this paper we point out that the “Process of standardization”, given in Dlab and Ringel (1992 Dlab , V. , Ringel , C. M. ( 1992 ). The module theoretical approach to quasi-hereditary algebras . Repr. Theory and Related Topics, London Math. Soc. LNS 168 : 200 – 224 . [Google Scholar]), and also the “Comparison method” given in Platzeck and Reiten (2001 Platzeck , M. I. , Reiten , I. ( 2001 ). Modules of finite projective dimension for standardly stratified algebras . Comm. in Algebra 29 : 973 – 986 . [CROSSREF] [Taylor & Francis Online], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]) can be generalized. To do so, we introduce the concept of relative projective stratifying system and prove a result from which the Theorem 2 in Dlab and Ringel (1992 Dlab , V. , Ringel , C. M. ( 1992 ). The module theoretical approach to quasi-hereditary algebras . Repr. Theory and Related Topics, London Math. Soc. LNS 168 : 200 – 224 . [Google Scholar]) and Proposition 2.1 in Ringel (1991 Ringel , C. M. ( 1991 ). The category of modules with good filtrations over a quasi-hereditary algebra has almost split sequences . Math. Z. 208 : 209 – 223 .[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]) follows.

     

GRADINGS OF SIMPLE JORDAN ALGEBRAS AND THEIR RELATION TO THE GRADINGS OF SIMPLE ASSOCIATIVE ALGEBRAS

In this paper we describe all group gradings of the simple Jordan algebra of a non-degenerate symmetric form on a vector space over a field of characteristic different from 2. If we use the notion of the Clifford algebra, then we are able to recover some of the gradings on matrix algebras obtained in an entirely different way in [BSZ] Bahturin, Y., Seghal, S. and Zaicev, M. in press. Group Gradings of Associative Algebras. J. Algebra, [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar].

     

A Regularized Hybrid Steepest Descent Method for Variational Inclusions

This article is concerned with a generalization of the hybrid steepest descent method from variational inequalities to the multivalued case. This will be reached by replacing the multivalued operator by its Yosida approximate, which is always Lipschitz continuous. It is worth mentioning that the hybrid steepest descent method is an algorithmic solution to variational inequality problems over the fixed point set of certain nonexpansive mappings and has remarkable applicability to the constrained nonlinear inverse problems like image recovery and MIMO communication systems (see, e.g., [9 I. Yamada , M. Yukawa , and M. Yamagishi ( 2011 ). Minimizing the moreau envelope of nonsmooth convex functions over the fixed point set of certain quasi-nonexpansive mappings . In Fixed Point Algorithms for Inverse Problems in Science and Engineering ( H.H. Bauschke , R. Burachik , P.L. Combettes , V. Elser , D.R. Luke , and H. Wolkowicz , eds.), Springer-Verlag , New York , Chapter 17 , pp. 343 – 388 . [Google Scholar], 10 I. Yamada , Ogura , and N. Shirakawa ( 2002 ). A numerically robust hybrid steepest descent method for the convexly constrained generalized inverse problems . In Inverse Problems, Image Analysis and Medical Imaging. Contemporary Mathematics ( Z. Nashed and O. Scherzer , eds.), American Mathematical Society , Providence , RI , Vol. 313 , pp. 269 – 305 . [Google Scholar]]).