A note on the exterior centralizer

The notion of the exterior centralizer C_G^ù(x){C_G^{^\wedge}(x)} of an element x of a group G is introduced in the present paper in order to improve some known results on the non-abelian tensor product of two groups. We study the structure of G by looking at that of C_G^ù(x){C_G^{^\wedge}(x)} and we find some bounds for the Schur multiplier M(G) of G.     

Automorphisms of Hyperbolic Groups and Graphs of Groups

Using the canonical JSJ splitting, we describe the outer automorphism group Out(G) of a one-ended word hyperbolic group G. In particular, we discuss to what extent Out(G) is virtually a direct product of mapping class groups and a free abelian group, and we determine for which groups Out(G) is infinite. We also show that there are only finitely many conjugacy classes of torsion elements in Out(G), for G any torsion-free hyperbolic group. More generally, let Γ be a finite graph of groups decomposition of an arbitrary group G such that edge groups G_e are rigid (i.e. Out(G_e) is finite). We describe the group of automorphisms of G preserving Γ, by comparing it to direct products of suitably defined mapping class groups of vertex groups.     

On the converse of a theorem of Schur

A well known theorem of Schur states that for any group G, if G/Z(G) is finite, then G′ is finite. We give a very short and elementary proof of a further generalization of the converse of Schur’s theorem proved by Niroomand [5] and Sury [7] and also improve the bound for the order of G/Z(G) obtained by Niroomand and Sury.     

A generalization of a converse to Schur’s theorem

Niroomand (Arch. Math. 94 (2010) 401–404) proved a converse to a theorem of Schur in the following sense. He proved that if G is a group such that [G, G] is finite and G/Z(G) is finitely generated, then G/Z(G) is finite, of order bounded above by [G, G] ^k where k is the minimal number of generators required for G/Z(G). Here, we give a completely elementary short proof of a further generalization.     

Schur multiplicators of infinite pro-<Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis>-groups with finite coclass

Let G be an infinite pro-p-group of finite coclass and let M(G) be its Schur multiplicator. For p > 2, we determine the isomorphism type of Hom(M(G), ℤ_p), where ℤ_p denotes the p-adic integers, and show that M(G) is infinite. For p = 2, we investigate the Schur multiplicators of the infinite pro-2-groups of small coclass and show that M(G) can be infinite, finite or even trivial.     

On the Schur multipliers of finite p-groups of given coclass

In this paper we obtain bounds for the order and exponent of the Schur multiplier of a p-group of given coclass. These are further improved for p-groups of maximal class. In particular, we prove that if G is p-group of maximal class, then |H ₂(G, ℤ)| < |G| and expH ₂(G, ℤ) ≤ expG. The bound for the order can be improved asymptotically.     

On Some Variants of Theorems of Schur and Baer

A well-known theorem of I. Schur states that if G is a group and G/ζ(G) is finite then G′ is finite. We obtain an analogue of this, and theorems due to R. Baer and P. Hall, for groups G that have subgroups A of Aut(G) such that A/Inn(G) is finite.     

Difference algebraic subgroups of commutative algebraic groups over finite fields

We study the question of which torsion subgroups of commutative algebraic groups over finite fields are contained in modular difference algebraic groups for some choice of a field automorphism. We show that if G is a simple commutative algebraic group over a finite field of characteristic p, ? is a prime different from p, and for some difference closed field (?, σ) the ?-primary torsion of G(?) is contained in a modular group definable in (?, σ), then it is contained in a group of the form {x∈G(?) :σ(x) =[a](x) } with a∈ℕ\p ^ℕ. We show that no such modular group can be found for many G of interest. In the cases that such equations may be found, we recover an effective version of a theorem of Boxall. Received: 28 May 1998 / Revised version: 20 December 1998     

Torsion Endo-Trivial Modules

We prove that the group T(G) of endo-trivial modules for a noncyclic finite p-group G is detected on restriction to the family of subgroups which are either elementary Abelian of rank 2 or (almost) extraspecial. This result is closely related to the problem of finding the torsion subgroup of T(G). We give the complete structure of T(G) when G is dihedral, semi-dihedral, or quaternion.     

The Exterior Degree of a Pair of Finite Groups

The exterior degree of a pair of finite groups (G, N), which is a generalization of the exterior degree of finite groups, is the probability for two elements (g, n) in (G, N) such that g ? n = 1. In the present paper, we state some relations between this concept and the relative commutatively degree, capability and the Schur multiplier of a pair of groups.     

On the multiple exterior degree of finite groups

Recently the first two authors have introduced a group invariant, called exterior degree, which is related to the number of elements x and y of a finite group G such that xΛy = 1 in the exterior square GΛG of G. Research on this topic gives some relations between this concept, the Schur multiplier and the capability of a finite group. In the present paper, we will generalize the concept of exterior degree of groups and we will introduce the multiple exterior degree of finite groups. Among other results, we will obtain some relations between the multiple exterior degree, multiple commutativity degree and capability of finite groups.     

About the Schur Index for Ambivalent Groups

An ambivalent group is a finite group all of whose irreducible characters are real valued. By Brauer–Speiser theorem, if G is an ambivalent group, then the absolute Schur index m _Q (χ) = m(χ) ≤2. In this note we shall prove that this property is true also for the derived subgroups of ambivalent groups. Also we will prove that there is a relation between the number of conjugacy classes of 2-regular cyclic subgroups of an ambivalent group and the irreducible characters with absolute Schur index 1.     

On dimension of the Schur multiplier of nilpotent Lie algebras

Let L be an n-dimensional non-abelian nilpotent Lie algebra and $ s(L) = \frac{1} {2}(n - 1)(n - 2) + 1 - \dim M(L) $ s(L) = \frac{1} {2}(n - 1)(n - 2) + 1 - \dim M(L) where M(L) is the Schur multiplier of L. In [Niroomand P., Russo F., A note on the Schur multiplier of a nilpotent Lie algebra, Comm. Algebra (in press)] it has been shown that s(L) ≥ 0 and the structure of all nilpotent Lie algebras has been determined when s(L) = 0. In the present paper, we will characterize all finite dimensional nilpotent Lie algebras with s(L) = 1; 2.     

Quasisimple classical groups and their complex group algebras

Let H be a finite quasisimple classical group, i.e., H is perfect and S:= H/Z(H) is a finite simple classical group. We prove that, excluding the open cases when S has a very exceptional Schur multiplier such as PSL₃(4) or PSU₄(3), H is uniquely determined by the structure of its complex group algebra. The proofs make essential use of the classification of finite simple groups as well as the results on prime power character degrees and relatively small character degrees of quasisimple classical groups.     

On the structure of the augmentation quotient group for some nonabelian 2-groups

Let G be a finite nonabelian group, ℤG its associated integral group ring, and Δ(G) its augmentation ideal. For the semidihedral group and another nonabelian 2-group the problem of their augmentation ideals and quotient groups Q _n (G) = Δ ⁿ (G)/Δ ⁿ⁺¹(G) is deal with. An explicit basis for the augmentation ideal is obtained, so that the structure of its quotient groups can be determined.     

On Schurity of Finite Abelian Groups

A finite group G is called a Schur group, if any Schur ring over G is associated in a natural way with a subgroup of Sym(G) that contains all right translations. Recently, the authors have completely identified the cyclic Schur groups. In this article, it is shown that any abelian Schur group belongs to one of several explicitly given families only. In particular, any noncyclic abelian Schur group of odd order is isomorphic to ?₃ × ?_{3 ^k} or ?₃ × ?₃ × ? _p where k ≥ 1 and p is a prime. In addition, we prove that ?₂ × ?₂ × ? _p is a Schur group for every prime p.     

The Bogomolov multiplier of rigid finite groups

The Bogomolov multiplier of a finite group G is defined as the subgroup of the Schur multiplier consisting of the cohomology classes vanishing after restriction to all abelian subgroups of G. This invariant of G plays an important role in birational geometry of quotient spaces V/G. We show that in many cases the vanishing of the Bogomolov multiplier is guaranteed by the rigidity of G in the sense that it has no outer class-preserving automorphisms.     

The Drinfel’d Double for Group-cograded Multiplier Hopf Algebras

Let G be any group and let K(G) denote the multiplier Hopf algebra of complex functions with finite support in G. The product in K(G) is pointwise. The comultiplication on K(G) is defined with values in the multiplier algebra M(K(G) ⊗K(G )) by the formula for all and . In this paper we consider multiplier Hopf algebras B (over ) such that there is an embedding I: K(G) →M(B). This embedding is a non-degenerate algebra homomorphism which respects the comultiplication and maps K(G) into the center of M(B). These multiplier Hopf algebras are called G-cograded multiplier Hopf algebras. They are a generalization of the Hopf group-coalgebras as studied by Turaev and Virelizier. In this paper, we also consider an admissible action π of the group G on a G-cograded multiplier Hopf algebra B. When B is paired with a multiplier Hopf algebra A, we construct the Drinfel’d double D ^π where the coproduct and the product depend on the action π. We also treat the ^*-algebra case. If π is the trivial action, we recover the usual Drinfel’d double associated with the pair . On the other hand, also the Drinfel’d double, as constructed by Zunino for a finite-type Hopf group-coalgebra, is an example of the construction above. In this case, the action is non-trivial but related with the adjoint action of the group on itself. Now, the double is again a G-cograded multiplier Hopf algebra. Presented by K. Goodearl.     

Double centralizing theorem for wreath products of the alternating group

The double centralizing theorem between the action of the symmetric group S_n and the action of the general linear group on the tensor space T_n(W) was obtained by Schur. Here we obtain a double centralizing theorem when S_n is replaced by the wreath product of a finite group G and the alternating group A_n.