Boundary control problem for the one-dimensional Klein-Gordon-Fock equation with a variable coefficient: The case of control by displacements at two endpoints

We consider the problem of boundary control by displacements at two points x = 0 and x = l of a process described by the Klein-Gordon-Fock equation with a variable coefficient on the finite interval 0 ≤ x ≤ l. For the critical time interval T = l, we obtain a necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of unique boundary functions u(0, t) = µ(t) and u(l, t) = ν(t) bringing the system from an arbitrary initial state at t = 0 into an arbitrary terminal state at t = T.     

Boundary control by an elastic force at one endpoint of the string in the presence of a model nonlocal boundary condition of one of four types,and its optimization

In the present paper, in terms of a generalized solution of the wave equation, we perform an exhaustive study of the problem on the boundary control by an elastic force u _x (0, t) = µ(t) at one endpoint x = 0 of a string in the presence of a model nonlocal boundary condition of one of four types relating (with the sign “+” or “?”) the values of the displacement u(x, t) or its derivative u _x (x, t) at the boundary point x = l of the string to their values at some interior point \(\mathop x\limits^ \circ \) of the string (0 < \(\mathop x\limits^ \circ \) < l). We prove necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of such boundary controls. Under these conditions, we optimize the controls by minimizing the boundary energy integral and then write out the optimal boundary controls in closed analytic form.     

Optimal boundary control of forced vibrations by the displacement at one end of the string with the other end fixed

For a string vibration process described by an inhomogeneous wave equation, we consider the problem of boundary control at one end of the string with the other end being fixed. For any time interval T > 2l, where l is the string length, we find a function u(0, t) = µ(t) bringing the vibration system from a given initial state into a given terminal state and minimizing the boundary energy integral.     

Boundary displacement control at one end of a string in the presence of a nonlocal boundary condition of one of four types,and its optimization

In the present paper, we exhaustively solve the problem of boundary control by the displacement u(0, t) = µ(t) at the end x = 0 of the string in the presence of a model nonlocal boundary condition of one of four types relating the values of the displacement u(x, t) or its derivative u _x (x, t) at the boundary point x = l of the string to their values at some interior point \(\mathop x\limits^ \circ\).     

Solution of mixed problems with boundary elastic-force control for the telegraph equation

In terms of a finite-energy generalized solution of the telegraph equation, for any time interval T, we consider the problem on the boundary elastic-force control u _x (0, t) = μ(t) at the endpoint x = 0 for the process described by the Klein-Gordon-Fock equation under the condition that the other endpoint x = l is either fixed, or free, or is controlled by an elastic force. For any time interval T, we obtain the solution u(x, t) in closed form.     

Optimal boundary control of vibrations at one endpoint of a string when the second endpoint is free

The generalized solution u(x, t) of the wave equation u _tt (x, t) − u _xx (x, t) = 0 admitting the existence of finite energy at every time instant t is used to find among all W ₂ ¹ [0,T]-functions with a long time interval T the optimal boundary control for a string with a free endpoint that takes the vibration process from a given arbitrary state to a given final state. __________ Translated from Nelineinaya Dinamika i Upravlenie, No. 4, pp. 23–36, 2004.     

Boundary Control of the Wave Process with Elastic Clamping

The article investigates the boundary control problem for the wave process described by the equation u _tt(x,t) − u _xx(x,t) = 0 in the time interval 0 < t ≤ T with elastic clamping at the point x = l. For 0 < T ≤ 2l necessary and sufficient conditions are obtained ensuring the existence of a unique boundary control and its analytical form is determined. For 2l < T ≤ 3l we derive an explicit analytical expression for this boundary control that contains two arbitrary functions (of class ) defined on a segment of length T − 2l.     

Numerical solutions with a priori error bounds for coupled self-adjoint time dependent partial differential systems

This paper is concerned with the construction of accurate continuous numerical solutions for partial self-adjoint differential systems of the type (P(t) u_t)_t = Q(t)u_xx, u(0, t) = u(d, t) = 0, u(x, 0) = f(x), u_t(x, 0) = g(x), 0 ≤ x ≤ d, t >- 0, where P(t), Q(t) are positive definite oR^r×r-valued functions such that P′(t) and Q′(t) are simultaneously semidefinite (positive or negative) for all t ≥ 0. First, an exact theoretical series solution of the problem is obtained using a separation of variables technique. After appropriate truncation strategy and the numerical solution of certain matrix differential initial value problems the following question is addressed. Given T > 0 and an admissible error ϵ > 0 how to construct a continuous numerical solution whose error with respect to the exact series solution is smaller than ϵ, uniformly in D(T) = {(x, t); 0 ≤ x ≤ d, 0 ≤ t ≤ T}. Uniqueness of solutions is also studied.     

Grid approximation of singularly perturbed parabolic convection-diffusion equations subject to a piecewise smooth initial condition

A boundary value problem for a singularly perturbed parabolic convection-diffusion equation on an interval is considered. The higher order derivative in the equation is multiplied by a parameter ? that can take arbitrary values in the half-open interval (0, 1]. The first derivative of the initial function has a discontinuity of the first kind at the point x ₀. For small values of ?, a boundary layer with the typical width of ? appears in a neighborhood of the part of the boundary through which the convective flow leaves the domain; in a neighborhood of the characteristic of the reduced equation outgoing from the point (x ₀, 0), a transient (moving in time) layer with the typical width of ?^1/2 appears. Using the method of special grids that condense in a neighborhood of the boundary layer and the method of additive separation of the singularity of the transient layer, special difference schemes are designed that make it possible to approximate the solution of the boundary value problem ?-uniformly on the entire set $\bar G$ , approximate the diffusion flow (i.e., the product ?(?/?x)u(x, t)) on the set $\bar G^ * = \bar G\backslash \{ (x_0 ,0)\} $ , and approximate the derivative (?/?x)u(x, t) on the same set outside the m-neighborhood of the boundary layer. The approximation of the derivatives ?²(?²/?x ²)u(x, t) and (?/?t)u(x, t) on the set $\bar G^ * $ is also examined.     

Optimal boundary displacement control of string vibrations with a nonlocal evenness condition of the second kind

We study the behavior of a string with the nonlocal boundary condition u _x (l, t) = u _x ($ x^\circ $ x^\circ , t). A displacement control u(0, t) = μ(t) bringing the string from an arbitrarily given initial state to an arbitrarily given terminal state is applied at the left endpoint of the string. For the initial and terminal functions, we find necessary and sufficient conditions for the controllability of the string. Under these conditions, we carry out optimization; i.e., of all admissible controls, we choose a control minimizing the boundary energy integral.     

Solvability of Mixed Problems for the Klein–Gordon–Fock Equation in the Class <Emphasis Type="Italic">L</Emphasis><Subscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis></Subscript> for <Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis> ≥ 1

We prove that the mixed problem for the Klein–Gordon–Fock equation u _tt (x, t) ? u _xx (x, t) + au(x, t) = 0, where a ≥ 0, in the rectangle Q _T = [0 ≤ x ≤ l] × [0 ≤ t ≤ T] with zero initial conditions and with the boundary conditions u(0, t) = μ(t) ∈ L _p [0, T ], u(l, t) = 0, has a unique generalized solution u(x, t) in the class L _p (Q _T ) for p ≥ 1. We construct the solution in explicit analytic form.     

Optimization of the control by elastic boundary forces at two ends of a string in an arbitrarily large time interval

We further develop the method, devised earlier by the authors, which permits finding closed-form expressions for the optimal controls by elastic boundary forces applied at two ends, x = 0 and x = l, of a string. In a sufficiently large time T, the controls should take the string vibration process, described by a generalized solution u(x, t) of the wave equation

$$u_{tt} (x,t) - u_{tt} (x,t) = 0,$$

from an arbitrary initial state

$$\{ u(x,0) = \varphi (x), u_t (x,0) = \psi (x)$$

to an arbitrary terminal state

$$\{ u(x,T) = \hat \varphi (x), u_t (x,T) = \hat \psi (x).$$

     

On solutions to the Degasperis-Procesi equation

In this paper we consider a new integrable equation (the Degasperis-Procesi equation) derived recently by Degasperis and Procesi (1999) [3]. Analogous to the Camassa-Holm equation, this new equation admits blow-up phenomenon and infinite propagation speed. First, we give a proof for the blow-up criterion established by Zhou (2004) in [12]. Then, infinite propagation speed for the Degasperis-Procesi equation is proved in the following sense: the corresponding solution u(x,t) with compactly supported initial datum u₀(x) does not have compact x-support any longer in its lifespan. Moreover, we show that for any fixed time t>0 in its lifespan, the corresponding solution u(x,t) behaves as: u(x,t)=L(t)e−x for x?1, and u(x,t)=l(t)ex for x?−1, with a strictly increasing function L(t)>0 and a strictly decreasing function l(t)<0 respectively.     

Blow-up problem for semilinear heat equation with absorption and a nonlocal boundary condition

In this paper we consider a semilinear parabolic equation u_t=Δu−c(x,t)u^p for (x,t)∈Ω×(0,∞) with nonlinear and nonlocal boundary condition u∣_{∂Ω×(0,∞)}=∫_Ωk(x,y,t)u^ldy and nonnegative initial data where p>0 and l>0. We prove some global existence results. Criteria on this problem which determine whether the solutions blow up in finite time for large or for all nontrivial initial data are also given.     

Boundary value problem for multivalued differential equations and controllability

Control process of the type x = f(t, x, u), u?U(t, x), can be deparametrized by writing them in terms of multivalued differential equations of the form x?F(t, x) = {f(t, x, u): u?U(t, x)}. So, under suitable hypotheses, the controllability problem turns out to be equivalent to a two-point boundary value problem for a multivalued differential equation. In this paper an existence theorem is sought for the latter boundary value problem. The result is achieved by using the fixed point argument as a crucial tool.     

Monotonicity of input-output mappings in inverse coefficient and source problems for parabolic equations

This article presents a mathematical analysis of input-output mappings in inverse coefficient and source problems for the linear parabolic equation ut=(kx(x)ux)+F(x,t), (x,t)∈ΩT:=(0,1)×(0,T]. The most experimentally feasible boundary measured data, the Neumann output (flux) data f(t):=−k(0)ux(0,t), is used at the boundary x=0. For each inverse problems structure of the input-output mappings is analyzed based on maximum principle and corresponding adjoint problems. Derived integral identities between the solutions of forward problems and corresponding adjoint problems, permit one to prove the monotonicity and invertibility of the input-output mappings. Some numerical applications are presented.     

Locally Lipschitz solutions of a single conservation law in several space variables

We consider the Cauchy problem for a single conservation law in several space variables. Letting u(x, t) denote the solution with initial data u₀, we state necessary and sufficient conditions on u₀ so that u(x, t) is locally Lipschitz continuous in the half space {t > 0}. These conditions allow for the preservation of smoothness of u₀ as well as for the smooth resolution of discontinuities in u₀. One consequence of our result is that u(x, t) cannot be locally Lipschitz unless u₀ has locally bounded variation. Another is that solutions which are bounded and locally Lipschitz continuous in {t > 0} automatically have boundary values u₀ at t = 0 in the sense that u(·, t) → u₀ in L_loc¹. Finally, we give an elementary proof that locally Lipschitz solutions satisfy Kruzkov's uniqueness condition.     

A note on the behavior of blow-up solutions for one-phase Stefan problems

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Positive solutions and eigenvalue intervals of a nonlinear singular fourth-order boundary value problem

We consider the classical nonlinear fourth-order two-point boundary value problem . In this problem, the nonlinear term h(t)f(t, u(t), u′(t), u″(t)) contains the first and second derivatives of the unknown function, and the function h(t)f(t, x, y, z) may be singular at t = 0, t = 1 and at x = 0, y = 0, z = 0. By introducing suitable height functions and applying the fixed point theorem on the cone, we establish several local existence theorems on positive solutions and obtain the corresponding eigenvalue intervals.     

Single point blow-up for a semilinear initial value problem

The initial value problem on [?R, R] is considered: u_t(t, x) = u_xx(t, x) + u(t, x)^γu(t, ±R) = 0u(0, x) = ?(x), where ? ? 0 and γ is a fixed large number. It is known that for some initial values ? the solution u(t, x) exists only up to some finite time T, and that ∥u(t, ·)∥_∞ → ∞ as t → T. For the specific initial value ? = kψ, where ψ ? 0, ψ_xx + ψ^γ = 0, ψ(±R) = 0, k is sufficiently large, it is shown that if x ≠ 0, then lim_{t → T}u(t, x) and lim_{t → T}u_x(t, x) exist and are finite. In other words, blow-up occurs only at the point x = 0.