Two resonant magnetic modes in an overdoped high T(c) superconductor

A detailed inelastic neutron scattering study of the overdoped high temperature copper oxide superconductor Y(0.9)Ca(0.1)Ba(2)Cu(3)O(7) reveals two-distinct magnetic resonant modes in the superconducting state. The modes differ in their symmetry with respect to exchange between adjacent copper oxide layers. Counterparts of the mode with odd symmetry, but not the one with even symmetry, had been observed before at lower doping levels. The observation of the even mode resolves a long-standing puzzle, and the spectral weight ratio of both modes yields an estimate of the onset of particle-hole spin-flip excitations.     

Resonant inelastic x-ray scattering study of charge excitations in La(2)CuO(4)

We report a resonant inelastic x-ray scattering study of the dispersion relations of charge-transfer excitations in insulating La(2)CuO(4).. These data reveal two peaks, both of which show two-dimensional characteristics. The lowest energy excitation has a gap energy of approximately 2.2 eV at the zone enter, and a dispersion of approximately 1 eV. The spectral weight of this mode becomes dramatically smaller around (pi, pi). The second peak shows a smaller dispersion ( approximately 0.5 eV) with a zone-center energy of approximately 3.9 eV. We argue that these are both highly dispersive exciton modes damped by the presence of the electron-hole continuum.     

Dispersion and damping of zone-boundary magnons in the noncentrosymmetric superconductor CePt3Si

Inelastic neutron scattering (INS) is employed to study damped spin-wave excitations in the noncentrosymmetric heavy-fermion superconductor CePt3Si along the antiferromagnetic Brillouin zone boundary in the low-temperature magnetically ordered state. Measurements along the (1/2 1/2 L) and (H H 1/2 - H) reciprocal-space directions reveal deviations in the spin-wave dispersion from the previously reported model. The broad asymmetric shape of the peaks in energy signifies strong spin-wave damping by interactions with the particle-hole continuum. Their energy width exhibits no evident anomalies as a function of momentum along the (1/2 1/2 L) direction which could be attributed to Fermi surface nesting effects, implying the absence of pronounced commensurate nesting vectors at the magnetic zone boundary. In agreement with a previous study, we find no signatures of the superconducting transition in the magnetic excitation spectrum, such as a magnetic resonant mode or a superconducting spin gap, either at the magnetic ordering wavevector (0 0 1/2) or at the zone boundary. However, the low superconducting transition temperature in this material still leaves the possibility of such features being weak and therefore hidden below the incoherent background at energies ? 0.1 meV, precluding their detection by INS.     

Anomalous electronic Raman scattering in NaxCoO2.yH2O

Raman scattering experiments on NaxCoO2.yH2O single crystals show a broad electronic continuum with a pronounced peak around 100 cm(-1) and a cutoff at approximately 560 cm(-1) over a wide range of doping levels. The electronic Raman spectra in superconducting and nonsuperconducting samples are similar at room temperature, but evolve in markedly different ways with decreasing temperature. For superconducting samples, the low-energy spectral weight is depleted upon cooling below T* approximately 150 K, indicating the opening of a pseudogap that is not present in nonsuperconducting materials. Weak additional phonon modes observed below T* suggest that the pseudogap is associated with charge ordering.     

Resonant magnetic excitations at high energy in superconducting YBa2Cu3O6.85

A detailed inelastic neutron scattering study of the high temperature superconductor YBa2Cu3O6.85 provides evidence of new resonant magnetic features, in addition to the well-known resonant mode at 41 meV: (i) a commensurate magnetic resonance peak at 53 meV with an even symmetry under exchange of two adjacent CuO2 layers, and (ii) high-energy incommensurate resonant spin excitations whose spectral weight is around 54 meV. The locus and the spectral weight of these modes provides unrevealed insight about the momentum shape of the electron-hole spin-flip continuum of d-wave superconductors.     

Optical sum rule in metals with strong electron-phonon interaction

The properties of a superconductor featuring strong electron-phonon and electron-impurity interactions have been studied in a single-band approximation. It is shown that the elastic scattering of electrons on static impurities decreases the electron-phonon interaction constant in proportion to the ratio of the electron-impurity relaxation rate and the seeding band width. The optical spectral weight (integral of the real part of the optical conductivity) in various energy intervals of a metal in the normal and superconducting states has been calculated as a function of the temperature and the superconducting gap. In the region of large (compared to the phonon) energies, the dependence of the spectral weight on the superconducting gap is weak, while the dependence on the temperature is completely determined by the corresponding dependence of the relaxation rate due to the elastic electron-phonon scattering far from the Fermi surface. It is shown that a difference in behavior of the spectral weight between the normal and superconducting states at lower energies is determined by so-called Holstein’s shift of the feature in the optical conductivity spectrum (rather than by the gap width, as it is commonly believed) and sharply decreases upon the introduction of impurities.     

Resonant Raman scattering from CdTe/ZnTe self-assembled quantum dot structures

We report resonant Raman scattering results of CdTe/ZnTe self-assembled quantum dot (QD) structures. Photoluminescence spectra reveal that the band gap energies of the CdTe QDs decrease with the increase of CdTe thickness from 2.0 to 3.5 monolayers, which indicates that the size of the QDs increases. When the CdTe/ZnTe QD structures are excited by non-resonant excitation, a longitudinal optical (LO) phonon response from the ZnTe barrier material is observed at 206 cm⁻¹. In contrast, when the CdTe/ZnTe QD structures are resonantly excited near the band gap energy of the QDs, additional phonon modes emerge at 167 and 200 cm⁻¹, while the ZnTe LO phonon response completely disappears. The 167 cm⁻¹ mode corresponds to the LO phonon of the CdTe QDs. A spatially resolved Raman scattering from the cleaved edge of the QD sample reveals that the 200 cm⁻¹ mode is strongly localized at the interface between the CdTe QDs and ZnTe cap layer. This phonon mode is attributed to the interface optical (IO) phonon. The analytically calculated value of the IO phonon energy using a dielectric continuum approach, assuming a spherical dot boundary, agrees well with the experimental value.     

Superconducting gap for a two-leg t-J ladder

Single-particle diagonal and off-diagonal Green's functions of a two-leg t-J ladder at 1/8 doping are investigated by exact diagonalizations techniques. A numerically tractable expression for the superconducting gap is proposed and the frequency dependence of the real and imaginary parts of the gap are determined. The role of the low-energy gapped spin modes, whose energies are computed by a (one-step) contractor renormalization procedure, is discussed.     

Nodal and antinodal gaps in the superconducting state of cuprates

We present an electronic Raman scattering study of a mercury-based single layer cuprate, as a function of both doping level and temperature in the superconducting state. On the deeply overdoped side, we show that the antinodal gap is a true superconducting gap. In contrast, on the underdoped side, our results reveal the existence of a break point close to optimal doping below which the antinodal gap is gradually disconnected from superconductivity.     

Charge-transfer excitations in the model superconductor HgBa(2)CuO(4+delta)

We report a Cu -edge resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS) study of charge-transfer excitations in the 2-8 eV range in the structurally simple compound HgBa(2)CuO(4+delta) at optimal doping (T(c)=96.5 K). The spectra exhibit a significant dependence on the incident photon energy which we carefully utilize to resolve a multiplet of weakly dispersive (<0.5 eV) electron-hole excitations, including a mode at 2 eV. The observation of this 2 eV excitation suggests the existence of a remnant charge-transfer gap deep in the superconducting phase. Quite generally, our results, which include additional data for the Mott insulator La(2)CuO(4), demonstrate the importance of exploring the incident photon-energy dependence of the RIXS cross section.     

Magnetic resonant mode in the low-energy spin-excitation spectrum of superconducting Rb2Fe4Se5 single crystals

We have studied the low-energy spin-excitation spectrum of the single-crystalline Rb(2)Fe(4)Se(5) superconductor (T(c)=32 K) by means of inelastic neutron scattering. In the superconducting state, we observe a magnetic resonant mode centered at an energy of ?ω(res)=14 meV and at the (0.5 0.25 0.5) wave vector (unfolded Fe-sublattice notation), which differs from the ones characterizing magnetic resonant modes in other iron-based superconductors. Our finding suggests that the 245-iron selenides are unconventional superconductors with a sign-changing order parameter, in which bulk superconductivity coexists with the √5×√5 magnetic superstructure. The estimated ratios of ?ω(res)/k(B)T(c)≈5.1±0.4 and ?ω(res)/2Δ≈0.7±0.1, where Δ is the superconducting gap, indicate moderate pairing strength in this compound, similar to that in optimally doped 1111 and 122 pnictides.     

Stokes amplification regimes in quasi-cw pumped hydrogen-filled hollow-core photonic crystal fiber

Pure rotational stimulated Raman scattering spectra containing nine strong spectral components were generated from a approximately 11 m long hollow-core photonic crystal fiber filled with hydrogen and pumped with nanosecond pulses having energies around 100-300 nJ. Observation of both transient and steady-state scattering threshold behavior is reported. Passage from the transient to the steady state is observed with a pulse as long as 14 ns. Convenient analytical expressions for energy and power threshold are deduced for the present configuration.     

Electron-phonon scattering in an asymmetric double barrier resonant tunneling structure

We calculate the electron-phonon scattering rate for an asymmetric double barrier resonant tunneling structure based on dielectric continuum theory, including all phonon modes, and show that interface phonons contribute much more to the scattering rate than do bulk-like LO phonons for incident energies which are approximately within an order of magnitude of the Fermi energy. The maximum scattering rate occurs for incident electron energies near the quantum well resonance. Subband nonparabolicity has a significant influence on electron-phonon scattering in these structures. We show that the relaxation time is comparable to the dwell time of electrons in the quantum well for a typical resonant tunneling structure. Received: 23 December 1997 / Revised: 24 March 1998 / Accepted: 9 March 1998     

原子核的单粒子共振态

采用基于相对论平均场的耦合常数解析延拓方法研究球形核的单粒子共振态.具体计算了Zr同位素链中巨晕核的核芯核122Zr阈值附近的中子共振态的能量、宽度和波函数,其结果同相应的散射相移法的结果一致. Using analytic continuation in the coupling constant (ACCC) method within the framework of the self-consistent relativistic mean field (RMF) theory, the energies, widths and wave functions for single-particle resonant states close to the continuum threshold are evaluated. Predictions are also compared with corresponding results obtained by the scattering phase shift method.     

Gaplike excitations in the superconducting state of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 studied by resonant Raman scattering

We report on the response of the electronic continuum from inelastic light-scattering experiments over an extended energy range between 1.970 and 4.504 eV in the superconducting state of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8. The formation of a substantial Raman feature at shifts below twice the superconducting gap as well as the additional weight above this energy are found to be strongly dependent on the incident photon energy. For excitation wavelengths observed in ultraviolet, we find an enhancement of the integrated spectral weight below T(c). The resulting composite feature shows three distinct resonances at 2.5, 3.3, and 3.8 eV. We strongly suggest that the superconductivity-induced changes are the result of both the opening of a superconducting gap and the appearance of a collective mode.     

Coupling effects of resonant and discretized non-resonant continuum states in 4He + 6Li scattering at 10 MeV/A

Alpha-particle scattering from the resonant (3 ₁ ⁺ ) and non-resonant continuum states of ⁶Li is studied at incident energy 10 MeV/A. The α + d breakup continuum part within the excitation energy E _ex = 1.475–2.475 MeV is discretized in two energy bins. Unlike the results at higher incident energies, here the coupled-channel calculations show significant breakup continuum coupling effects on the elastic and inelastic scattering. It is shown that even when the continuum-continuum coupling effects are strong, the experimental data of the ground state and the resonant as well as discretized non-resonant continuum states impose stringent constraint on the coupling strengths of the non-resonant continuum states.     

Plasmons in asymmetric double quantum well structures

We investigate the effects of spatial asymmetry, tunneling coupling, and exchange-correlation correction on the plasmon modes in asymmetric double quantum well (DQW) structures in a time-dependent local-density approximation. Special attention is paid to the properties of the ω _- mode which is always damped in symmetric DQW systems. In addition, the results on the spectral weight of the excitations are also presented. In general, all the modes carry finite spectral weights and should be observable in resonant inelastic light scattering experiments for the specified values of the parameters. Received 2 July 2002 Published online 19 December 2002 RID="a" ID="a"e-mail: c412-1@aphy.iphy.ac.cn     

铁基超导体Li0.8Fe0.2ODFeSe的红外光谱研究

测量和研究了铁基超导体Li_0.8Fe_0.2ODFeSe单晶的红外光学响应,发现室温下光电导率谱不存在Drude分量,载流子具有非相干输运行为.随着温度降低,Drude分量形成并不断变窄,同时在相应的反射率谱上出现清晰的等离子体边,表明散射率急剧降低.在最低温度,观察到超导能隙形成导致的光谱变化,光电导率谱在160 cm^-1以下受到显著压制.对比FeSe单晶的光谱数据,发现整体的光电导率谱型很相似,但自由载流子的谱重更低,揭示出样品具有更低的载流子浓度.另外还观察到温度变化诱导的谱重由低频向高频区域转移的现象,表明其存在强关联效应.     

Effect of Fermi surface nesting on resonant spin excitations in Ba(1-x)K(x)Fe2As2

We report inelastic neutron scattering measurements of the resonant spin excitations in Ba(1-x)K(x)Fe(2)As(2) over a broad range of electron band filling. The fall in the superconducting transition temperature with hole doping coincides with the magnetic excitations splitting into two incommensurate peaks because of the growing mismatch in the hole and electron Fermi surface volumes, as confirmed by a tight-binding model with s(±)-symmetry pairing. The reduction in Fermi surface nesting is accompanied by a collapse of the resonance binding energy and its spectral weight, caused by the weakening of electron-electron correlations.     

Evidence of Landau levels and interactions in low-lying excitations of composite fermions at 1/3<or= nu <or=2/5

Excitation modes in the range 2/5>or=nu>or=1/3 of the fractional quantum Hall regime are observed by resonant inelastic light scattering. Spectra of spin-reversed excitations suggest a structure of lowest spin-split Landau levels of composite fermions that is similar to that of electrons. Spin-flip energies determined from spectra reveal significant composite fermion interactions. The filling factor dependence of mode energies displays an abrupt change in the middle of the range when there is partial population of a composite fermion level.