STUDIES ON THE CATALYTIC REACTION OF NITROGEN OXIDE ON METAL MODIFIED ACTIVATED CARBON FIBERS

The catalytic reaction of NO with CO and decomposition of NO over metal modified ACFs were investigated and compared with other carriers supported catalysts. It is demonstrated that Pd/ACF and Pd/Cu/ACF have high catalytic activity for the reaction of NO/CO, while Pt/ACE. Pt/Cu/ACF and Co/Cu/ACF have very low catalytic activity in similar circumstance. Pd-modified ACF possesses high catalytic decomposition of NO at 300℃. Pd/CB and Pd/GAC present good catalytic decomposition abifity for NO only at low [lowrate. Pd/G Pd/ZMS and Pd/A however, do not show any catalytic activity for NO decomposition even at 400 ℃. Catalytic temperature, NO flowrate and loading of metal components affect the decomposition rate of NO. The coexistence of Cu with Pd on Cu/Pd/ACF leads to crystalline of palladium to more unperfected so as to that increase the catalytic activity.     

A Novel Cu-Mo／ZSM-5 Catalyst for NOx Catalytic Reduction with Ammonia

The Cu-Mo/ZSM-5 catalysts with different Cu/Mo ratios were prepared by wet impregnation method, and their catalytic performance for selective catalytic reduction of NOx was studied. The results showed that Cu-Mo/ZSM-5 is a very effective catalyst for NOx catalytic reduction with ammonia, especially when Cu/Mo molar ratio is about 1.5. It not only exhibited the extremely high catalytic activity, but also showed good stability for 02. The bulk phase structure of Cu-Mo/ZSM-5 catalysts was determined by XRD technique, and the results indicated that there is a maximum dispersion for Cu species when Cu/Mo molar ratio is 1.5, and an interaction between Cu and Mo along with HZSM-5 may be present in Cu-Mo/ZSM-5, which may possibly result in a special structure favorable for the catalytic reduction of NOx over Cu-Mo/ZSM-5 catalyst.     

煤质特性对CeO2催化煤粉燃烧的影响

利用酸洗法和燃烧法分别得到煤中的有机物（脱灰煤粉）和煤灰,研究了煤变质程度、显微组分、煤灰含量等煤质特性对CeO₂催化煤粉燃烧的影响。研究发现,变质程度对CeO₂催化煤粉燃烧具有明显的影响,变质程度越高的脱灰煤粉燃点降低越多,燃速提高越快。其催化燃烧顺序为褐煤<烟煤<无烟煤。同时研究发现,CeO₂对神华烟煤两种主要显微组分的燃烧没有明显的催化作用。煤灰对脱灰煤粉燃烧也有催化作用,对人工煤而言,当煤灰含量低于18%时,煤灰与CeO₂具有协同作用。煤灰的质量分数为6%时,煤灰与CeO₂的协同作用最强,之后随着煤灰增加协同作用逐渐变弱;当煤灰的质量分数超过18%时,协同作用消失,CeO₂的催化作用消失。说明煤灰含量超过18%时,CeO₂的催化作用被抑制。     

金属酞菁与高价金属盐或氧化物在乙苯液相催化氧化反应中的协同效应

金属络合物催化饱和烷烃的选择性催化氧化一直是有机合成中具有挑战性的课题之一.饱和烷烃的催化氧化可采用各种氧源,如PhIO、H2O2、有机过氧化物或次氯酸盐等[1,2],然而采用分子氧为氧源对烃类化合物进行选择性催化氧化一直是人们致力于解决的目标.利用分子氧为氧源实现饱和烷烃的选择性催化氧化大致可分为两条路线:(1)在共还原剂(H2,醛,抗坏血酸)存在下利用原位产生的氧化剂的催化氧化[3,4];(2)金属卟啉[5]、杂多酸[6]及其它催化剂对饱和烷烃的直接催化氧化.路线(1)需要消耗大量的共还原剂,实际上是对分子氧的间接利用,不具有明显的实…     

甲醇水蒸气重整制氢CuAl2O4催化材料的研究

以γ-Al₂O₃为原料采用原位合成法制备CuAl₂O₄催化材料，通过XRF、XRD、BET和H₂-TPR等手段对催化材料进行表征，考察铜铝物质的量比对CuAl₂O₄催化材料结构、性质及其催化甲醇水蒸气重整制氢性能的影响。结果表明，不同铜铝物质的量比主要影响了铜物种的还原性能，从而影响了其催化甲醇水蒸气重整制氢的性能。当铜铝物质的量比为1：2时，CuAl₂O₄催化材料的催化性能较好，在反应温度为260℃，水醇物质的量比为1.2，甲醇气体空速为800 h^-1时，甲醇转化率为100%，产氢速率为895 mL/（kg·s）。     

Integrating bimetallic AuPd nanocatalysts with a 2D aza-fused π-conjugated microporous polymer for light-driven benzyl alcohol oxidation

Efficient catalytic system with low energy consumption exhibits increasing importance due to the upcoming energy crisis.Given this situation,it should be an admirable strategy for reducing energy input by effectively utilizing incident solar energy as a heat source during catalytic reactions.Herein,aza-fused7 r-conjugated microporous polymer(aza-CMP)with broad light absorption and high photothermal conversion efficiency was synthesized and utilized as a support for bimetallic AuPd nanocatalysts in light-driven benzyl alcohol oxidation.The AuPd nanoparticles anchored on aza-CMP(aza-CM P/Au_xPdy)exhibited excellent catalytic performance for benzyl alcohol oxidation under 50 mW/cm^2 light irradiation.The improved catalytic performance by the aza-CMP/Au_xPdy is attributed to the unique photothermal effect induced by aza-CMP,which can promote the catalytic benzyl alcohol oxidation occurring at Au Pd.This work presents a novel approach to effectively utilize solar energy for conventional catalytic reactions through photothermal effect.     

过渡金属型汽车尾气净化催化材料的制备及性能研究

采用固定床反应装置,模拟汽车尾气的组成成分,以CO/NH3为探针反应,分别研究了活性成分负载量及焙烧温度等因素对过渡金属氧化物催化材料MnOx/γ-Al2O3和Mn-Ce-O(x)/γ-Al2O3的催化活性的影响,并考察了该催化剂的抗硫化中毒性能和抗老化性能。在该研究条件下,氧化物负载量在0.12(质量分数),焙烧温度在700℃左右时,催化剂对NO-CO体系中CO的氧化率在85%以上。将催化剂在3.0%的SO2/空气气氛中强制中毒后,其对CO/NO体系中CO的催化转化率明显下降,但抗老化实验表明,该催化剂经900℃下,12%水蒸汽老化 60 h后,对CO的催化活性不仅没有下降,反而略有升高,说明该催化剂具有良好的抗老化性能和高温活性。     

C4/C5烃催化裂解制低碳烯烃的研究进展

从催化剂类型、裂解工艺、催化裂解的影响因素和裂解机理4个方面对国内外C4／C5烃催化裂解制低碳烯烃的研究进行了综述。催化裂解制低碳烯烃催化剂主要采用ZSM-5分子筛系列催化剂，在此基础上发展了酸改性或水热改性高硅ZSM系列分子筛及介孔MCM41分子筛。总结了国内外C4／C5烃的裂解工艺，认为影响催化裂解的主要因素是裂解原料、催化剂类型及工艺条件。目前，裂解机理主要是自由基与碳正离子机理相结合的机理。并简述了本课题组目前有关C4烷烃催化裂解的主要研究进展。     

C4/C5烃催化裂解制低碳烯烃的研究进展

从催化剂类型、裂解工艺、催化裂解的影响因素和裂解机理4个方面对国内外C4/C5烃催化裂解制低碳烯烃的研究进行了综述。催化裂解制低碳烯烃催化剂主要采用ZSM-5分子筛系列催化剂,在此基础上发展了酸改性或水热改性高硅ZSM系列分子筛及介孔MCM-41分子筛。总结了国内外C4/C5烃的裂解工艺,认为影响催化裂解的主要因素是裂解原料、催化剂类型及工艺条件。目前,裂解机理主要是自由基与碳正离子机理相结合的机理。并简述了本课题组目前有关C4烷烃催化裂解的主要研究进展。     

富氮多孔有机聚合物催化制备α⁃氰基肉桂酸乙酯

α-氰基肉桂酸乙酯作为含多种官能团的缺电子烯烃, 是一种极具应用价值的有机合成反应底物, 主要通过催化Knoevenagel缩合反应获得. 本文以多聚甲醛和三聚氰胺为前驱体, 采用溶剂热法制备富氮多孔有机聚合物mPMF, 经K₂CO₃处理得到K₂CO₃-mPMF-X(X=1, 10, 50). 考察了mPMF在苯甲醛和氰乙酸乙酯Knoevenagel缩合反应中的催化性能, 通过mPMF与K₂CO₃-mPMF-X催化活性的比较, 探讨了碱性强弱对Knoevenagel缩合反应的影响, 并对催化反应机理进行了探索. 结果表明, 催化剂中丰富的氮物种为反应提供了碱性环境和大量的碱性活性位点, 催化剂碱性强弱的控制是催化合成α-氰基肉桂酸乙酯的关键因素. mPMF在甲醇溶剂中于60 ℃反应3 h后, 苯甲醛转化率为97%, 目标产物选择性在99.9%以上.     

Activity of a New Metallomicelle Catalytic System on the Hydrolysis of bis(4-nitrophenyl) Phosphate Ester

A new metallomicellar system containing cerium ion (III), a macrocylic polyamine ligand and the hexadecyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) was constructed and used as catalyst in the hydrolysis of bis(4-nitrophenyl) phosphate ester (BNPP). The catalytic rate of BNPP hydrolysis was measured kinetically with UV-vis spectrophotometric method. The results indicated that the metallomicellar system exhibited relatively high stability and excellent catalytic function in BNPP hydrolysis, and the reaction rate of the BNPP catalytic hydrolysis, compared with BNPP spontaneous hydrolysis, increased by a factor of ca. 1 × 10⁸ due to the catalytic effect of the active species and the local concentration effect of the micelle in metallomicellar system. The experimental results also showed that the mono-hydroxy complex made of the macrocyclic polyamine ligand and cerium (III) is the real active species as catalyst in BNPP catalytic hydrolysis, and the micelles provide a useful catalytic environment for reaction. On the basis of the research results, the reaction mechanism of BNPP catalytic hydrolysis was proposed in this work.     

Hydrolysis of BNPP Catalyzed by Metallomicelles Made of Pr(III) Complexes

A macrocyclic ligand was synthesized and characterized. The kinetics of hydrolysis of bis(p-nitrophenyl)phosphate (BNPP) in the catalytic system containing macrocyclic ligand and praseodymium(III) was investigated. The analysis of specific absorption spectrums of the hydrolytic reaction systems indicated that key intermediates made up of BNPP and praseodymium(III) complexes are formed in the reaction process of BNPP catalytic hydrolysis. In this, the mechanism of BNPP catalytic hydrolysis proposed is based on the analytic result of specific absorption spectrum, and the corresponding kinetic constants are calculated. The results showed that the praseodymium(III) complexes as hydrolase mimics exhibit good catalytic activity and similar catalytic character to natural enzyme.     

光/高能诱导纳米TiO2及其同系物催化新进展

文章从催化原理、制备方法、影响光/高能诱导催化反应的各种因素,提高纳米TiO2系催化剂催化活性途径及实际应用等方面,对光/高能诱导纳米TiO2及其同系物催化进行了综述。     

接枝型三相转移催化剂的制备及其催化作用

将苯乙烯(St)接枝聚合在微米级硅胶表面,制备了接枝微粒PSt/SiO2;使用新型氯甲基化试剂1,4-二氯甲氧基丁烷,对接枝在硅胶表面的聚苯乙烯进行了氯甲基化(CM)反应,制得了氯甲基聚苯乙烯/硅胶(CMPS/SiO2)接枝微粒;使三乙胺与CMPS分子链上的苄氯基团发生季铵化反应,制得了固载有季铵盐(Quaternary salt)的接枝微粒QPSt/SiO2,即制得了接枝型三相相转移催化剂.将此相转移催化剂用于氯化苄与乙酸钠合成乙酸苄酯的相转移催化反应,考察了催化活性、各种因素对相转移催化反应的影响及催化剂的重复使用性能.实验结果表明,接枝型三相相转移催化剂QPSt/SiO2对乙酸苄酯的合成具有较高的催化活性,在液-固-液之间即可有效地实现反应物种乙酸根的转移,在60℃的较低温度下反应7 h,氯化苄的转化率可达66.1%;研究发现,固体催化剂QPSt/SiO2表面接枝聚合物PSt的季铵化程度对其催化活性有很大的影响,季铵化程度过大与过小催化活性都较低,当季铵化程度为20%左右时,催化剂的活性最高.     

Co改性Mo/HZSM-5催化剂上甲烷无氧芳构化反应研究

甲烷无氧芳构化催化剂Ｍｏ／ＨＺＳＭ－５上担载第二组分Ｃｏ后,提高了催化剂的稳定性,但加快了催化剂上的积炭速率,且积炭速率随Ｃｏ添加量的增加而提高,因而认为催化剂的失活速率与积炭速率并不成顺比关系,研究认为,一方面,Ｃｏ的添加增加了催化剂的脱氢能力,使更多的中间产物乙烯进一步脱氢转化成芳烃或积炭,另一方面,增加了催化剂的抗积炭能力。并认为部分积炭可能对提高催化剂的稳定性起到一定的作用,空速实验表明,     

A catalytic activity model based on the structural defects of catalysts II. Alumina catalyst characterisation by radioluminescence method

The characterisation by radiothermoluminescence /RTL/ method of alumina TA 600 catalyst used for 1-butene isomerisation in cis- and trans-2-butene is described. The glow curve, the RTL parameters and the catalyst-reactant radiative coupling evidenced by RTL method are presented. Using the correlation between catalytic activity and RTL data a catalytic activity model is suggested. On the basis of such a model the importance of the structural defects of the catalyst and/or support for the catalytic activity is explained.     

Untersuchungen an oxidischen Katalysatoren. XXXVIII. Zum bifunktionellen Zusammenwirken metallischer und acider Zentren in Metall/HNaY-Zeolith-Katalysatoren

Studies on Oxide Catalysts. XXXVIII. On the Bifunctional Action of Metal Sites and Acid Sites in Metal/HNaY Zeolite Catalysts The catalytic activity and selectivity of HNaY zeolites containing nickel were investigated in the isomerization of n-hexane. In order to characterize independently the catalytic properties of the supported metal, the catalytic behaviour of these samples was determined in the dehydrogenation reaction of cyclohexane and in the hydrogenolysis of ethane. The catalytic properties of the metal in metal/HNaY zeolite catalysts are strongly modified by acid sites of the zeolite. This modification of the catalytic properties is attributed to electronic interactions between metal and zeolite.     

碳纳米管/FeS类Fenton催化剂的制备及催化性能

以浮动催化热分解法制备碳纳米管(CNTs), 采用氧化-还原-硫化的方法制备了CNTs/FeS催化剂, 采用X射线衍射(XRD)、 透射电子显微镜(TEM)和热重(TG)分析等技术对催化剂进行了结构表征. 将CNTs/FeS作为类Fenton催化剂用于水中环丙沙星的去除, 研究了降解过程中H₂O₂浓度、 CNTs/FeS催化剂的投加量、 环丙沙星浓度及pH等因素对催化降解性能的影响. 结果表明, CNTs/FeS类Fenton催化反应在H₂O₂浓度为20 mmol/L和CNTs/FeS催化剂的投加量为10 mg的条件下具有最优的降解效果, 其催化反应过程符合一级动力学方程, 且具有更加宽泛的pH适应范围(pH=3~8), 同时, CNTs/FeS类Fenton催化剂在使用寿命方面也具有一定的优势.     

KIO3存在下溶菌酶的极谱催化波研究与应用

研究了溶菌酶(Lysozyme,LE)在KIO₃存在下的极谱催化波.在0.1mol/LHAc-NaAc(pH4.7±0.1)缓冲液中,LE有1个由Cys6～Cys127间双硫键还原产生的可逆波.其峰电位为-0.51V(vs.Ag/AgCl).当KIO₃存在时,在原电位处产生了LE的极谱催化波.该催化波是由于KIO₃及其中间价态衍生质点(包括自由基IO^-·,IO_{2^{-·)氧化LE还原产物巯基成双硫键所致.这是蛋白质极谱催化波的一种新类型.在0.1mol/LHAc-NaAc(pH4.7±0.1)-1×10-3mol/LKIO3支持电解质中,LE催化波的灵敏度比其还原波的高两个数量级,峰电流与LE浓度在2×10-7～1.0×10-6mol/L范围内有线性关系.100倍半胱氨酸和胱氨酸不干扰1.0×10-6mol/LLE的测定.}}     

Development of atom-economical catalytic asymmetric reactions under proton transfer conditions: construction of tetrasubstituted stereogenic centers and their application to therapeutics

The development of atom-economical catalytic asymmetric reactions based on two distinct sets of catalyst, a rare earth metal/amide-based ligand catalyst and a soft Lewis acid/hard Br?nsted base catalyst, is reviewed. These catalytic systems exhibit high catalytic activity and stereoselectivity by harnessing a cooperative catalysis through hydrogen bond/metal coordination and soft-soft interactions/hard-hard interactions, respectively. The effectiveness of these cooperative catalysts is clearly delineated by the high stereoselectivity in reactions with highly coordinative substrates, and the specific activation of otherwise low-reactive pronucleophiles under proton transfer conditions. The rare earth metal/amide-based ligand catalyst was successfully applied to catalytic asymmetric aminations, nitroaldol (Henry) reactions, Mannich-type reactions, and conjugate addition reactions, generating stereogenic tetrasubstituted centers. Catalytic asymmetric amination and anti-selective catalytic asymmetric nitroaldol reactions were successfully applied to the efficient enantioselective synthesis of therapeutic candidates, such as AS-3201 and the β(3)-adrenoreceptor agonist, showcasing the practical utility of the present protocols. The soft Lewis acid/hard Br?nsted base cooperative catalyst was specifically developed for the chemoselective activation of soft Lewis basic allylic cyanides and thioamides, which are otherwise low-reactive pronucleophiles. The cooperative action of the catalyst allowed for efficient catalytic generation of active carbon nucleophiles in situ, which were integrated into subsequent enantioselective additions to carbonyl-type electrophiles.