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聚酰胺材料是一种重要的工程塑料和合成纤维原料,解决材料使用过程中的表面静电堆积问题是提升材料性能、扩展其应用领域的重要研究方向,因此发展了多种通过物理与化学的方法研究制备抗静电聚酰胺材料的技术.聚苯胺以其单体原料易得、合成工艺简单、掺杂现象独特、电导率较高、在空气中具有良好的稳定性等特点,被认为是最有前途的导电高分子之一,但其缺点也很明显,即加工性能很差.以聚苯胺作为抗静电剂与聚酰胺复合,不但大大提高了聚酰胺材料在应用于织物、涂料、输油管等领域时的抗静电性能,还可以解决聚苯胺的加工问题.基于近年来聚酰胺/聚苯胺导电复合材料的制备方法和复合材料特性,综述了聚酰胺/聚苯胺复合纤维、复合薄膜、复合粉末、三相复合等导电复合材料体系的制备方法、研究进展及应用领域. 相似文献
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聚苯胺/膨润土纳米复合材料的合成与表征 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
通过嵌入手段设计与合成同时具有某些无机和有机物双重性能的新型材料-无机/有机纳米复合材料,是科学家们关注的课题[1].Inoue等人[2]采用蒙脱土吸附苯胺单体然后电氧化的方法制备了聚苯胺/蒙脱土(Pan/Mont)复合材料,由于Mont片体的表面吸附了苯胺,所合成的为聚合物包覆的复合材料,这样在一定的程度上影响了材料的各向异性.本文采用离子交换,洗涤除去吸附在粘土颗粒表面的单体,成功地合成了非包覆的聚苯胺/膨润土壤(Ben)层状纳米复合材料,并用FTIR等方法对材料进行了表征.该材料兼有粘土的离子交换性能和聚苯胺的良好… 相似文献
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聚苯胺/纳米二氧化锰复合材料Ⅰ.原位氧化合成制备 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:6
用固相合成法制备了纳米二氧化锰(nm-MnO2),并通过原位聚合法制备了聚苯胺/纳米二氧化锰复合材料。研究结果表明:在苯胺/nm-MnO2的盐酸反应体系中,nm-MnO2可以使苯胺氧化聚合。在一定的nm-MnO2用量下,聚苯胺的产率随苯胺添加量的增加而下降,nm-MnO2在产物中的含量也随之下降,且含量很低。在苯胺:/nm-MnO2/过硫酸铵的反应体系中,研究了Nm-MnO2通过两种不同的加料方式原位制备PA-NI/nm-MnO2复合材料的合成条件。第一种方式为nm-MnO2和过硫酸铵同时与苯胺混合,一起参与苯胺的氧化聚合。第二种方法是先将过硫酸铵和苯胺混合,3min后再将nm-MnO2加入反应体系中。研究表明:第一种加料方式得到的队NI/nm-MnO2中nm-MnO2的含量很低;第二种加料方式可以得到高nm-MnO2含量(w=0.14-0.73)的产物,其电导率约10^-4S/cm。 相似文献
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Polyaniline/montmorillonite (PAn/MMT) composite material has been prepared through chemical‐oxidative polymerization by using NH4S2O8 as the oxidant, and it was found that both the composites have inorganic and organic material characteristics and many outstanding performance through the copolymerization coupling of MMT and polyaniline. Infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) are used to characterize the composition and structures of composite materials, as well as test the conductivity of composite materials through a four‐probe technique. The preparation conditions of PAn/MMT conducting composites are optimized. The optimal conditions have been identified for the reaction time, amount of oxidizer, concentration of HCl, and the amount of MMT. Besides, the results show that when the reaction lasts for 8 hr in the ice bath, the amount of MMT is 0.4 g/5 ml An, the mole ratio of oxidant to aniline is 1, and the concentration of hydrochloric acid is 2 M, the composite had the largest conductivity up to 11.5 S/cm. In addition, we also did an elemental analysis of the composite mechanism of PAn/MMT composites. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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本文用热分忻的方法和粘弹谱仪对聚苯胺(PAN)的热性能和粘弹性进行了研究.结果表明PAN的耐热性较好,本征态(非掺杂)PAN的玻璃化转变温度为 134℃,转变活化能为 273KJ/mol. 相似文献
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Thermal transporting properties of electrically conductive polyaniline films as organic thermoelectric materials 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Thermal transporting properties of electrically conductive polyaniline films were first investigated in wide range of temperatures
above room temperature as organic thermoelectric materials. Thermal conductivities of various protonic acid-doped polyaniline
films were measured by combination of a laser flash method and a differential scanning calorimeter in relation with electrical
conductivity and a kind of dopant. The thermal conductivities thus measured are in the range of conventional organic polymers,
indicating that the doped polyaniline films have extremely low thermal conductivities among electrically conductive materials,
and have correlation with neither electrical conductivity, nor a kind of dopant. Consequently the polyaniline film, which
shows very high electrical conductivity, has comparable thermoelectric figure-of-merit (ZT) with feasible inorganic thermoelectric materials such as iron silicide.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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Mohamad Hasan Mohamadzadeh Moghadam Sina Sabury Mohsen Moazzami Gudarzi Farhad Sharif 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2014,52(11):1545-1554
Graphene oxide (GO)–polyaniline (PANI) composite is synthesized by in situ polymerization of aniline in the presence of GO as oxidant, resulting in highly crystalline and conductive composite. Fourier transform infrared spectrum confirms aniline polymerization in the presence of GO without using conventional oxidants. Scanning electron microscopic images show the formation of PANI nanofibers attached to GO sheets. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) patterns indicate the presence of highly crystalline PANI. The sharp peaks in XRD pattern suggest GO sheets not only play an important role in the polymerization of aniline but also in inducing highly crystalline phase of PANI in the final composite. Electrical conductivity of doped GO–PANI composite is 582.73 S m?1, compared with 20.3 S m?1 for GO–PANI obtained by ammonium persulfate assisted polymerization. The higher conductivity appears to be the result of higher crystallinity and/or chemical grafting of PANI to GO, which creates common conjugated paths between GO and PANI. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2014 , 52, 1545–1554 相似文献
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Polyaniline (PANI) nanotubes were prepared by oxidation of aniline in 0.4 M acetic acid. They were subsequently used as a
reductant of silver nitrate in 1 M nitric acid, water or 1 M ammonium hydroxide at various molar ratios of silver nitrate
to PANI. The resulting PANI-silver composites contained silver nanoparticles of 40–60 nm size along with macroscopic silver
flakes. Under these experimental conditions, silver was always produced outside the PANI nanotubes. Changes in the molecular
structure of PANI were analyzed by FTIR spectroscopy. Silver content in the composites was determined as a residue by thermogravimetric
analysis, and confirmed by density measurements. The highest conductivity of a composite, 68.5 S cm−1, was obtained at the nitrate to PANI molar ratio of 0.67 in water. Also, the best reaction yield was obtained in water. Reductions
performed in an acidic medium gave products with conductivity of 10−4–10−2 S cm−1, whereas the reaction in alkaline solution yielded non-conducting products. 相似文献
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The focus of this study was to synthesize the inherently conductive polymer polyaniline using an optimized process to prepare polyaniline/silicon dioxide (PANI/SiO2) composites by in situ polymerization and ex situ solution mixing. PANI and PANI/SiO2 composite films were prepared by drop‐by‐drop and spin coating methods. The electrical conductivities of HCl doped PANI film and PANI/SiO2 composite films were measured according to the standard four‐point‐probe technique. The composite films exhibited an increase in electrical conductivity over neat PANI. PANI and PANI/SiO2 composites were also investigated by spectroscopic methods including UV‐Vis, FT‐IR, and Photoluminescence. UV‐Vis and FT‐IR studies showed that SiO2 particles affect the quinoid units along the polymer backbone and indicate strong interactions between the SiO2 particles and the quinoidal sites of PANI (doping effect). The photoluminescence properties of PANI and PANI/SiO2 composites were studied and the PANI/SiO2 composites showed increased intensity as compared to neat PANI. The increase of conductivity of PANI/SiO2 composite may be partially due to the doping or impurity effect of SiO2 where the silicon dioxides compete with chloride ions. The morphology of particles and films were examined by a scanning electron microscope (SEM). SEM measurements indicated that the SiO2 were well dispersed and isolated in composite films. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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近年来,电子设备的需求逐渐向集成化、微型化发展,随之带来了愈发严重的发热问题已经成为了阻碍电子设备发展的重要因素之一。作为电子设备重要组成材料之一的高分子材料对优良导热性能的要求也越来越高,导热高分子复合材料的研究已经成为当前功能复合材料的重要发展方向。本文综述了高分子导热复合材料的发展趋势,介绍了当前选用填料法来制备单一填料、混杂填料高分子导热复合材料以及双逾渗结构、隔离结构等复杂多相结构的高分子导热复合材料的研究进展。重点介绍了通过多种导热填料的组合利用来制备高性能导热高分子复合材料。最后,对填料法高导热高分子复合材料的发展方向做出了简要展望。 相似文献
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H3PO4 doped polyaniline was synthesized by a single‐step chemical polymerization method using ammonium persulfate as an oxidizing agent. The material characterization was done by SEM, UV–vis spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The pellets of the synthesized material were used to study the electrical properties, using a four‐probe method. The room temperature electrical conductivity is found to be 0.2201 S/cm. The electrical resistance in response to the varying humid environment (ranging between 20 and 100% RH) is recorded to evaluate the sensitivity of the H3PO4 polyaniline samples toward humidity. The resistance of the samples is found to vary by three orders of magnitude for 20–100% RH and is found to decrease with increasing humidity. The response and recovery time are observed to be 12–14 and 26–30 sec, respectively. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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We describe the preparation of polyaniline (PANI‐EB) by aniline oxidation with KIO3 and the purification of the resulting dedoped polymer by an acetone extraction step to eliminate undesired by‐products from polyaniline, which could generate some safety concerns in the application and use of PANI. Excellent homogeneous and electrically conducting composite films can be prepared from chloroform solutions of purified PANI doped with camphorsulfonic acid in presence of cis‐1,4‐polybutadiene as the film‐forming agent. These films have been characterized by FT‐IR and UV‐VIS‐NIR spectroscopy. A method to synthesisze PANI directly doped with dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (DBSA) is also reported. DBSA‐doped‐PANI was then used to prepare composites with polyphenylacetylene (PPA) by growing homogeneous films from chloroform solution. These films were conductive and were studied by FT‐IR and UV‐VIS‐NIR spectroscopy. In view of the application of these composites as gas sensors or in “electronic noses”, a short discussion is presented about the criteria used in the selection of the chemical nature of the host polymer where doped PANI is included to confer electrical conductivity. The interaction between the molecules to be detected and the polymeric sensing surface is discussed in terms of physisorption, chemisorption and charge‐transfer‐complex formation. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Facile preparation of highly conductive,flexible, and strong carbon nanotube/polyaniline composite films 下载免费PDF全文
Hong‐Mei Xiao Wei‐Dong Zhang Li Na Gui‐Wen Huang Yu Liu Shao‐Yun Fu 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2015,53(13):1575-1585
In general, the high electrical conductivity (EC) comes into conflict with the good flexibility and high strength of carbon nanotube (CNT)/polyaniline (PANI) composites. In other words, a high CNT content will bring about a high EC but lead to a low flexibility and strength due to the CNT‐constrained matrix deformation and CNT aggregation. In this work, a highly conductive, flexible and strong CNT/PANI composite film prepared via a facile solvent‐evaporation method is readily obtained by a cold stretching. The cold stretching is conducted at room temperature for the CNT/PANI film. It is observed that the cold stretching process leads to an unexpectedly enhanced EC. The as‐obtained EC of 231 S/cm is much higher than that (2 – 50 S/cm) of the previously reported CNT/PANI composite films. Meanwhile, the strength is obviously improved over that of the pure PANI film and the good flexibility is maintained to a high degree by the introduction of a proper CNT content. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2015 , 53, 1575–1585 相似文献