支持向量机用于高分子聚合物的折射率预测

支持向量机;定量构性相关;高聚物;折射率     

高折射率聚酰亚胺研究进展

聚酰亚胺作为一种高性能的功能材料在各个领域应用广泛,但较低的折射率限制了其在光学领域的应用。为了有效提高聚酰亚胺的折射率,许多学者研究了多种方法。本文介绍了国内外的研究团队制备高折射率聚酰亚胺的最新研究进展,总结了提高聚酰亚胺折射率的方法主要分为以下几种:在聚酰亚胺的主链引入硫原子;掺杂无机粒子进行杂化改性;开创新的合成工艺,通过详细论述上述几种方法的合成路线以及所得产物的性能,指出了合成高折射率聚酰亚胺的总趋势。     

一类高折射率光固化有机硅树脂的性能研究

光固化有机硅材料兼具光固化的高效、能耗低和环保以及有机硅树脂优异的耐温、耐候性和电绝缘性能,因此,在LED等电子器件封装方面受到广泛关注.本文研究了自制的3种含丙烯酸酯基团的光固化苯基有机硅预聚物KDS-10、KMDS-03和KMS-03的光固化特性、光学性能和热稳定性能.结果表明,这些有机硅预聚物的折光指数随苯环含量的增加而增高,苯环含量从22.3%到37.7%,折光指数相应从1.496到1.542;3种预聚物与多种丙烯酸酯相容性好,用双官能的TPGDA作稀释剂,固化反应速率最快,丙烯酸酯基团的转化率也最高;光引发剂TPO引发的光固化反应速率和转化率均最高;高折射率有机硅预聚物KDS-10光固化后的薄膜具有优异的光学性能,在550 nm处的透过率为92.54%;玻璃化转变温度约为-17.41℃,起始分解温度为385℃.     

高折射率环氧和环硫型光学树脂的研究进展

环氧树脂;环硫化合物;高折射率环氧和环硫型光学树脂的研究进展     

定量体积排除色谱法测定水溶性高分子的折光指数增量

用定量体积排除色谱（ＳＥＣ）法，从示差折光检测器的响应测定了多种水溶性高分子在纯水溶液中的折光指数增量，与常规静态方法所得结果相同，ＳＥＣ用盐水溶液作为淋洗液时，盐水溶液类同于混合溶剂，溶质与周围溶剂的色谱分离过程与透析过程等同。在有柱和无柱的色谱装置条件下，从示差折光的检测响应值可分别导得恒定化学位和恒定溶剂组成下的折光指数增量νμ和νｋ。中性的聚丙烯酰胺在ＮａＣｌ溶液中νμ＞νｋ，表明ＮａＣ１分子被高分子链优先吸附。聚电解质聚苯乙烯磺酸钠的νμ＜νｋ，表明水分子被优先吸附。     

气相沉积技术在制备高折射率光子晶体中的应用

采用激光全息光刻技术或激光直写技术制作微结构具有便捷、灵活、高效等优势,目前已成为研究制备光子晶体的一种有效方法.用全息光刻技术所制备的微结构的特点是单晶面积大(即内部结构缺陷较少)和可根据需要制作研究多种周期或准周期的晶格结构.但是所制备的结构由于感光树脂与空气的折射率比值较低,不能得到完全带隙光子晶体,从而使其应用受到局限性.以此树脂结构为模板,通过各种方法对其进行二次加工,制作高介电常数材料的反结构,近期已成为研究热点.本文介绍了气相沉积技术在制备高折射率光子晶体方面的应用和研究进展.     

Broadband Unidirectional Forward Scattering with High Refractive Index Nanostructures: Application in Solar Cells

High refractive index dielectric (HRID) nanoparticles are a clear alternative to metals in nanophotonic applications due to their low losses and directional scattering properties. It has been demonstrated that HRID dimers are more efficient scattering units than single nanoparticles in redirecting the incident radiation towards the forward direction. This effect was recently reported and is known as the “near zero-backward” scattering condition, attained when nanoparticles forming dimers strongly interact with each other. Here, we analyzed the electromagnetic response of HRID isolated nanoparticles and aggregates when deposited on monolayer and graded-index multilayer dielectric substrates. In particular, we studied the fraction of radiation that is scattered towards a substrate with known optical properties when the nanoparticles are located on its surface. We demonstrated that HRID dimers can increase the radiation emitted towards the substrate compared to that of isolated nanoparticles. However, this effect was only present for low values of the substrate refractive index. With the aim of observing the same effect for silicon substrates, we show that it is necessary to use a multilayer antireflection coating. We conclude that dimers of HRID nanoparticles on a graded-index multilayer substrate can increase the radiation scattered into a silicon photovoltaic wafer. The results in this work can be applied to the design of novel solar cells.     

一种高折光率发光二极管封装硅树脂的研制

将甲基苯基二氯硅烷(MePhSiCl₂)与二甲基二氯硅烷(Me₂SiCl₂)、 甲基乙烯基二氯硅烷(MeViSiCl₂)和苯基三氯硅烷(PhSiCl₃)等共水解后, 在KOH催化下共缩聚, 以三甲基氯硅烷(Me₃SiCl)为封端剂, 制备了含有甲基苯基硅氧链节的甲基苯基乙烯基硅树脂, 并利用FTIR, ¹H NMR和热重分析(TGA)对产物进行了表征. 将所得甲基苯基乙烯基硅树脂与甲基苯基含氢硅油按一定配比, 在铂络合物催化下硫化成型, 制成发光二极管(LED)封装A/B胶, 用于LED封装. 所得LED封装硅树脂固化后在可见光范围内具有非常高的透光率. 对LED的封装结构进行优化, 获得的LED具有高光效、 高光通量、 窄显色指数和高色温一致性等优点, 可满足功率型LED封装要求.     

Fabrication of Siloxane Hybrid Material With High Adhesion and High Refractive Index for Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) Encapsulation

A novel inorganic-organic siloxane hybrid material with self-adhesion ability and high refractive index for high-power light emitting diodes (LEDs) encapsulation is introduced. Under the catalysis of an anion exchange resin, the hybrid material was synthesized by a sol-gel condensation process from methacryloxy propyl trimethoxyl silane (MPTS), γ-(2, 3-epoxypropoxy)propytrimethoxysilane (EPTS) and diphenylsilanediol (DPSD). This hybrid material was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and ¹H-NMR. The resin-type encapsulation material was then prepared by hydrosilylation of the newly synthesized inorganic-organic siloxane hybrid material and methylphenyl hydrogen-containing silicone resin. The cured silicone resin-type encapsulation material can be used as a LEDs encapsulant, owing to high refractive index (n = 1.544), high transparency, appropriate hardness, and excellent thermal stability, as well as good adhesive strength between the encapsulating material and the substrate of LED lead frame.     

连接性指数及其逆指数对-元醇折光指数的拓扑研究

定义了原子特征值βi和βi＇，由βi建构连接性指数^mXA，由βi＇建构其逆指数^mXB，运用定量结构-性质相关技术研究了42个-元醇分子的折光指数与分子结构间的定量关系。通过多元回归的方法建立了^mXZ和^mXB与折光指数的定量结构性质模型，回归方程为：nD=0．1419^0XA^-1＋0．0434^1XA^-1-0．2534^0XB^-1-0．1460^1XB^-1＋1．4659。对醇折光指数的计算结果表明，预测值与实验值的一致性令人满意，平均相对误差为0．15％。研究表明连接性指数及其逆指数在一起使用可以更好地反映出醇的构效关系。     

连接性指数及其逆指数对一元醇折光指数的拓扑研究

定义了原子特征值βi和β'i,由βi建构连接性指数mXA,由β'i建构其逆指数mXB,运用定量结构-性质相关技术研究了42个一元醇分子的折光指数与分子结构间的定量关系.通过多元回归的方法建立了mXA和mXB与折光指数的定量结构性质模型,回归方程为:nD=-0.14190X-1A+0.04341X-1A-0.25340X-1B-0.14601X-1B+1.4659.对醇折光指数的计算结果表明,预测值与实验值的一致性令人满意,平均相对误差为0.15%.研究表明连接性指数及其逆指数在一起使用可以更好地反映出醇的构效关系.     

Fluorescence Spectroscopy; The Refractive Index Correction Factor

Abstract

Texts on fluorescence spectroscopy state that the observed intensity of fluorescence is inversely proportional to the square of the refractive index of the solvent. This statement is evaluated for various arrangements of slits-To test the effect of refractive index, a concentric cell was fashioned and the fluorescence signals recorded for emission which passed through solvents with refractive indices from 3.33 to 1.63. There was no significant effect of refractive index on the signals. From these experimental results, and also from geometrical considerations, it is concluded that the n² correction factor would be erroneous for most fluorometers.     

用结构信息自相关拓扑指数预测环烷烃的折光指数

原子特征值(βi)被定义为βi=(ni-1)(Xi/Xc)0.5·(ni—1)·mi-(mi/mc)0.5·hi。由βi构建结构信息自相关拓扑指数tF的公式为:tF=Σ(βi·βj)0.5。它们与74种环烷烃的折光指数(nD)的二元回归方程为:nD=-8.09900F-1.5+5.75371F-1.5+1.4741。环烷烃折光指数的计算值与实验值一致,平均误差为0.46%。     

Preparation and Refractive Index of Nano BST Thin Films

"Radio frequency magnetron sputtering technique is used to deposit Ba0:65Sr0:35TiO3 (BST) thin films on fused quartz substrates. In order to prepare the high quality BST thin films, the crystallization and microstructure of the films were characterized by X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy and atom force microstructure. The more intense characteristic diffraction peaks and better crystallization can be observed in BST thin films deposited at 600 oC and subsequently annealed at 700 oC. The refractive index of the films is determined from the measured transmission spectra. The dependences of the refractive index on the deposition parameters of BST thin films are different. The refractive index of the films increases with the substrate temperature. At lower sputtering pressure, the refractive index increases from 1.797 to 2.179 with the pressure increase. However, when the pressure increases up to 3.9 Pa, the refractive index instead reduces to 1.860. The oxygen to argon ratio also plays an important effect on the refractive index of the films. It has been found that the refractive index increases with the ratio of oxygen to argon increasing. The refractive index of BST thin films is strongly dependent on the annealing temperature, which also increases as the annealing temperature ascends. In one word, the refractive index of BST thin films is finally affected by the films microstructure and texture."     

Refractive Index of Liquid Mixtures: Theory and Experiment

An innovative approach is presented to interpret the refractive index of binary liquid mixtures. The concept of refractive index “before mixing” is introduced and shown to be given by the volume‐fraction mixing rule of the pure‐component refractive indices (Arago–Biot formula). The refractive index of thermodynamically ideal liquid mixtures is demonstrated to be given by the volume‐fraction mixing rule of the pure‐component squared refractive indices (Newton formula). This theoretical formulation entails a positive change of refractive index upon ideal mixing, which is interpreted in terms of dissimilar London dispersion forces centred in the dissimilar molecules making up the mixture. For real liquid mixtures, the refractive index of mixing and the excess refractive index are introduced in a thermodynamic manner. Examples of mixtures are cited for which excess refractive indices and excess molar volumes show all of the four possible sign combinations, a fact that jeopardises the finding of a general equation linking these two excess properties. Refractive indices of 69 mixtures of water with the amphiphile (R,S)‐1‐propoxypropan‐2‐ol are reported at five temperatures in the range 283–303 K. The ideal and real refractive properties of this binary system are discussed. Pear‐shaped plots of excess refractive indices against excess molar volumes show that extreme positive values of excess refractive index occur at a substantially lower mole fraction of the amphiphile than extreme negative values of excess molar volume. Analysis of these plots provides insights into the mixing schemes that occur in different composition segments. A nearly linear variation is found when Balankina’s ratios between excess and ideal values of refractive indices are plotted against ratios between excess and ideal values of molar volumes. It is concluded that, when coupled with volumetric properties, the new thermodynamic functions defined for the analysis of refractive indices of liquid mixtures give important complementary information on the mixing process over the whole composition range.     

Low Temperature Preparation of High Refractive Index and Mechanically Resistant Sol-gel TiO2 Films for Multilayer Antireflective Coating Applications

TiO₂ sol-gel thin films have attracted a large attention for applications which require high refractive index transparent layers. In this work, sol-gel TiO₂ layers were prepared by Aerosol-gel deposition followed by a thermal treatment procedure in air. Depending on the experimental conditions, abrasion resistant and high refractive index layers could be obtained after post-treatment at only 110°C. In this paper, the experimental parameters which allow the preparation of functional TiO₂ sol-gel layers at such low temperature are discussed. It is concluded that the preparation of high refractive index and mechanically resistant TiO₂ layers can be interpreted in terms of competition between polycondensation and densification mechanisms. This result allows to envisage the sol-gel processing at low temperature of multilayer antireflective coatings.     

液相色谱仪示差折光率检测器的检定

以配置日本岛津制作所生产的RID–10A示差折光率检测器的液相色谱系统的检定为例,介绍了按照新版液相色谱仪检定规程JJG 705–2014的要求对液相色谱仪示差折光率检测器进行检定的过程。说明了检定方法更改的原因、新方法的优点及所解决的问题,总结了检定过程中的注意事项。     

高折射率有机硅LED封装材料研究进展

封装材料是LED器件不可缺少的一部分,它将LED芯片保护起来,使其免受环境温度、湿度、辐射和外力等的影响。有机硅LED封装材料具有优异的热、紫外辐射稳定性,同时兼具高透明性、耐冷热循环性以及疏水性等,是较理想的大功率LED封装材料,但由于一般的有机硅封装材料折射率较低,与芯片材料折射率相差大,如何进一步提高有机硅LED封装材料的折射率、以提高光输出效率,是当前迫切需要解决的一个问题,也是相关领域的研究热点。目前,提高有机硅LED封装材料折射率的方法,一般可以分为三种,即分子中引入杂原子、引入硅苯基以及材料中引入无机纳米粒子的方法。本文通过检索近十年的LED封装材料的相关研究报道,分析了其发展变化趋势及分布,综述了国内外高折射率有机硅LED封装材料的研究进展。