Grafting of Oligomers on Phenolic Polymer Chains and its Influence on Their Titration Curves in Nonaqueous Media

A linear phenolic polymer has been prepared by condensing p-bromophenol with formaldehyde in the presence of a catalyst. The linear polymer was dehalogenated completely by a standard procedure. Some oligomers of uniform structure and molecular weight were grafted on the dehalogenated polymer. Electrometric titration curves of the grafted copolymers have been studied, and the shape of the titration curves has been interpreted in terms of the length of the grafted chain and the intramolecular H-bonding between neighbouring OH groups.     

四氢呋喃-环氧丙烷双端正离子活性共聚醚链的研究

迄今为止,对四氢呋喃(THF)活性共聚合的研究报导甚少。THF均聚醚在分子量大于2000时易结晶使嵌段共聚产物性能变坏,因之THF活性共聚合的研究对嵌段共聚具有重要意义。     

丙烯酸接枝乙丙共聚物的结构

丙烯酸接枝乙丙共聚物的结构李丽霞，尹志辉，綦玉臣，殷敬华（中国科学院长春应用化学研究所高分子物理开放实验室长春１３００２２）关键词ＥＰＭ，ＥＰＭ－ｇ－ＰＡＡ，异相成核剂，结晶温度聚烯烃是目前应用最为广泛的塑料之一，但由于它的非极性限制了它与金属和其它...     

Surface Grafting of Phenolic Resole onto LDPE Films

Many studies on surface modification of polymeric membranes have been reported. For example, acrylic acid(shorted as AA) and acrylamide monomers were grafted onto polyethylene, polypropylene and polyethylene terephthalate films in order to minimize the in…     

HDPE氯化原位接枝MAH及产物结构

HDPE氯化原位接枝MAH及产物结构;高密度聚乙烯;氯化原位接枝;CPE-g-MAH;接枝率;凝胶     

PVCH-PE-PVCH中PE片晶链轴在柱状微区中的取向

以柱状微相分离结构的聚乙烯基环己烷-聚乙烯-聚乙烯基环己烷(PVCH-PE-PVCH)三嵌段共聚物为研究对象,分别采用压延法和旋转涂膜法制得取向样品。利用偏振红外光谱法测定了PE柱状微区内结晶区中—CH2—基团的面内扭摆振动吸收峰的变化,以此来考察PE晶区折叠链片晶的链轴在柱状微相分离结构中的取向性。结果表明:在压延取向的样品中,由于外力的作用使得PE柱状微区沿着样品流动的方向取向,PE片晶的链轴也同样倾向于沿着平行于PE柱状微区的柱轴方向排列。退火使得PE片晶沿着链轴取向方向的取向程度升高。在由旋转涂膜制得的取向薄膜样品中,PE柱状微区垂直于基板排列,而PE片晶链轴则更倾向于沿着垂直于PE柱状微区的柱轴方向取向。     

吸水性淀粉－丙烯腈接枝共聚物的一步合成

以硝酸铈铵为引发剂，在几种水－有机溶剂体系中一步合成了吸水性淀粉－丙烯腈接枝共聚物。其中所含的ＰＡＮ均聚物比水作溶剂时的多。在水－正丁醇溶液（Ｖ／Ｖ＝１∶３）中，ＰＡＮ的接枝效率为８３％，淀粉的接枝效率为７２％，产品的吸水倍数为８２０ｇ／ｇ。     

乙丙共聚物的过氧化氢基化反应及其与烯类单体的接枝共聚合

本文研究了乙丙共聚物在含臭氧的氧气流中的过氧化氢基化反应,考察了温度、时间、浓度以及添加剂等对过氧化氢基化物(EPHP)中过氧化氢基含量的影响;研究了EPHP与苯乙烯类单体进行接枝共聚反应以及接枝产物的共混增韧作用。     

海藻酸钠与N-异丙基丙烯酰胺接枝共聚及其温度、pH敏感特性研究

采用单铈盐引发体系制备海藻酸钠／聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺接枝共聚物(SA-g-PNIPAAM),考察了引发剂浓度、反应温度、反应时间、单体浓度对接枝率的影响,并利用FTIR、DSC对SA-g—PNIPAAM进行了表征;结果表明,单铈盐引发体系可制备接枝率高的SA-g—PNIPAAM,具有温度、pH敏感特性的SA-g—PNIPAAM可望用于新型温敏／肠溶生物功能材料。     

Brownian Dynamics Simulations of Rigid Polyelectrolyte Chains Grafting to Spherical Colloid

Brownian dynamics simulations are employed to explore the effects of chain stiffness and trivalent salt concentration on the conformational behavior of spherical polyelectrolyte brush. The rigid brush adopts bundle-like morphology at a wide range of trivalent salt concentration. The number variation of bundles pinned on the colloid surface shows a non-monotonic profile as a function of the chain stiffness. The radial distributions of monomers and ions and the charge ratio between condensed ions and monomers are calculated. The charge inversion is observed for the high salt concentration regardless of chain rigidity. Furthermore, the pair correlation functions of monomer-monomer and monomer-salt cation are used to elucidate the aggregated mechanism of the bundle-like structure.     

On the Microstructure of Copolymer Chains Obtained by the Linear Heterocopolycondensation Process

During the statistical analysis of copolymers obtained by the heteropolycondensation method, simulating the difference in the reactivity of the original comonomers by varying the preset reactive conditions, it is shown that the microstructure of the condensation copolymer chains should not depend on the relative reactivity of the comonomers. It is also shown that the microstructure of the chains can be influenced by choosing the copolycondensation conditions in such a way that the process would proceed from a insufficient quantity of the intermonomer in the reactive zone.     

Theoretical Consideration of the Grafting of Polymer Chains onto Fullerene C60

Summary: For the first time, the kinetics and statistics of the formation of polymer stars by grafting linear macromolecules onto the fullerene C₆₀ are considered. Two kinetic models are put forward providing an explanation for some important experimentally observed peculiarities of these macromolecular reactions. The comparison of the results found from the solution of the kinetic equations and those obtained by Monte Carlo simulations demonstrates their good agreement. Due to the minimal number of the parameters involved, the theoretical approach proposed is rather convenient for the treatment of experimental data.

     

Grafting β-CD Copolymer Metal Complex from Silicon Gel by SI-ATRP

Polymers grafted from solid surface are being extensively studied with a range of objectives.The most popular living/controlled polymerization used in polymers grafted from solid surfaces is the surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization（SI-ATRP）[1,2].An attractive feature of atom transfer radical polymerization（ATRP） is to simultaneously grow chains from multifunctional surface.Thus the grafted polymer with well-defined structures could be designed and controlled.ATRP has proven to be a powerful tool to synthesize homopolymers and copolymers,under easily accessible experimental conditions[3-7].Furthermore it is useful for the functionalization of material surfaces by grafting certain polymers.     

交替马来酸酐共聚物多缩乙二醇酯盐络合物的离子传导性

交替马来酸酐共聚物多缩乙二醇酯盐络合物的离子传导性丁黎明，林云青，周子南，王佛松（中国科学院长春应用化学研究所，长春，１３００２２）关键词高分子固体电解质，离子电导率，玻璃化转变温度，离子传输，ＶＴＦ方程１９７３年，Ｐ．Ｖ．Ｗｒｉｇｈｔ等人［１］首次...     

Functionalization of Graphene Sheets via Chemically Grafting of PMMA Chains Through in-situ Polymerization

In this work, we report the preparation of graphene nanoplatelet which covalently functionalized with PMMA chains by introduction of vinyl groups onto graphene surface through simple esterification reaction between hydroxyl groups of graphite oxide and methacrylic anhydride. The synthesis is followed by in-situ polymerization with MMA monomers. The structural properties were characterized with X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD) and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) that showed the crystalline graphite is converted to individual layers during the synthesis steps. The grafting of PMMA chains was monitored with IR spectroscopy (FT-IR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The TGA results revealed 40% wt of PMMA chains chemically grafted onto graphene surface. Significant increase in glass transition temperature (T_g) and existence of polymer chains in two positions (physically absorbed and chemically grafting onto graphite surface) are indicated by differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) analysis.     

Kinetic Monte Carlo Studies on the Importance of the Reaction Scheme in Segmental Exchange of Copolymer Chains

Kinetic Monte Carlo studies (confirmed by integration of the corresponding differential equations) are used to demonstrate the fundamental differences between the two most often accepted schemes of segmental exchange. Modeling of reshuffling systems, originally composed of homopolymers of various , various mass distributions, and different compositions, is carried out until the equilibrium copolymers are obtained. It is shown that one of the schemes leads always to a random microstructure (Bernoulli statistics) whereas modeling of the other one indicates possibility of formation of all achievable distributions of comonomer units (from multiblock to nearly alternate). The concepts of the degrees of randomness and reshuffling are discussed and new definitions are proposed.

     

Effect of Substituents on the Copolymerization Parameters of Some Phenolic Monomers

Copolymerization parameters of some halogen substituted phenolic monomers have been determined by the linear graphical method of Kelen and Tüdös. The order of reactivity of p-chlorophenol, p-bromophenol and p-iodophenol is found to be the reverse of the order of electronegativity of their halogen substituents when they are copolymerized with p-hydroxy-benzoic acid. On copolymerization with p-cresol, these halogen substituted phenols have reactivity in the same order as the electronegativity of their substituents. This reversal of reactivity of phenolic monomers has been interpreted in terms of (1) opposite polarization caused by electrophilic or nucleophilic substituents present in the common monomers, and (2) the magnitude of their resonance stabilization.

The copolymerization parameters r₁ and r₂ are universally used for the characterization of monomer pairs with regard to their behavior in copolymerization. The classic copolymer equation describes the composition of the copolymer as a function of the reactivity ratios and the composition of the monomer feed. Several authors have used linear [1], nonlinear [2–6], specific coper composition equations [7], and computer programming routines [8] for calculating copolymerization parameters r_l and r₂. Kelen and Tödös [9] have recently.     

Flow Injection Analysis of Some Phenolic Sympathomimetic Drugs

ABSTRACT

A new, rapid and economical flow-injection (FI) method for deter-mining some phenolic sympathomimetic drugs is proposed. These drugs are etilefrine hydrochloride (ET), fenoterol hydrobromide (FT), hexoprenaline sulphate (HP), orciprenaline sulphate (OP) and reproterol hydrochloride (R.T). The determination is based on the reaction of the studied phenolic sympathomimetic drugs with 4-aminoantipyrine (4-AAP) and potassium hexacyanoferrate (III). The chemical reaction variables and also the FI variables, were optimized on the basis of sensitivity, sampling rate and reagent consumption. The proposed technique was applied to the analysis of pure raw materials in concentrations ranging from 2-20 μg.ml^?1 in case of ET, 4-30 μg.ml^?1 in case of FT and OP and from 8-50 μg.ml^?1 in case of HP and RT. Samples can be introduced at rates of about 130 per hour. The suggested procedure retained its accuracy and precision when applied to the analysis of pharmaceutical dosage forms containing the corresponding drugs, as judged by the RSD (%) and students' test. The results of the analysis were found to agree statistically with those obtained by applying either the official or the referee methods. Furthermore, the validity of the results was assessed by applying the standard addition technique.     

Physicochemical Studies on Some Phenolic Polymer-Transition Metal Complexes in Nonaqueous Media

The formation of complexes between phenolic oligomer/polymer with some transition metal ions has been studied by conductance and emf measurements. Sharp changes in color, conductance, and potential at definite stoichiometric quantities of ligand and metal ions have been attributed to polymer-metal chelation. Interpretations of the results have been sought in terms of the length of the polymer chain and the nature of the transition metal ions.     

淀粉接枝丙烯酸/醋酸乙烯酯高吸水性树脂的制备

以过硫酸铵为引发剂,N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺为交联剂,淀粉与丙烯酸/醋酸乙烯酯混合单体通过接枝共聚,制备了吸水及耐盐性能均较好的淀粉接枝丙烯酸/醋酸乙烯酯高吸水性树脂(CGAV)。最佳工艺条件为:淀粉10.0 g,m(混合单体)∶m(淀粉)=4∶1,w(引发剂)=0.3%,w(交联剂)=0.05%,于45℃反应2h~3 h。在最佳工艺条件下制得的CGAV吸去离子水率760 g.g-1,吸0.9%NaC l水溶液率68 g.g-1。