Isomerisierung am Cyclotrisilazan-System – Lithiumsalze und Kontraktionsprodukte

Isomerisation of the Cyclotrisilazane System — Lithium Salts and Contraction Products 2,2,4,4,6,6-Hexamethyl- and 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexamethyl-1-trimethylsilyl-cyclotrisilazane ( 1, 2 ) react with n-C₄H₉Li to give the lithium salts 3 and 4 . At 30°C 4 isomerizes in solution to the cyclodisilazane 5 within 15 h. 4 reacts with Me₂SiF₂ to the substituted compound 6 , whose Li salt contracts yielding the coupled product 7 . 1,3-Bis(fluorodimethylsilyl)-2,2,4,4,6,6-hexamethylcyclotrisilazane isomerizes to the Li salt of the corresponding cyclodisilazane, which reacts with the half-molar quantity of SiF₄ to the Si? N? Si? N? Si bridged cyclodisilazane dimer 8 . The tendency of contraction of 4 is discussed on the basis of its crystal structure.     

Synthese,NMR-spektroskopische Charakterisierung und Struktur von Bis(1,2-dimethoxyethan-O,O′)barium-bis[1,3-bis(trimethylsilyl)-2-phenyl-1-aza-3-phosphapropenid]

Synthesis, NMR Spectroscopic Characterization and Structure of Bis(1,2-dimethoxyethane-O,O′)barium Bis[1,3-bis(trimethylsilyl)-2-phenyl-1-aza-3-phosphapropenide] Barium-bis[bis(trimethylsilyl)phosphanide] 1 reacts with two equivalents of benzonitrile to give barium bis[1,3-bis(trimethylsilyl)-2-phenyl-1-aza-3-phosphapropenide]; the choice of the solvent determines whether a tris-(tetrahydrofuran)- or a bis(1,2-dimethoxyethane)-complex 2 can be isolated. 2 crystallizes from DME as red cuboids (monoclinic, C2/c, a = 1627.0(3), b = 1836.6(3), c = 1602.5(2) pm; β = 96.071(12)°; V = 4761.7(12); Z = 4; wR₂ = 0.0851). The phosphorus atom displays a pyramidal surrounding in contrast to the planar coordination sphere of the nitrogen atom. In addition a twist within the P? C? N skeleton of the heteroallyl anion is observed.     

Organic Phosphorus Compounds 68. The direct synthesis of tri(alkyl- and arylseleno)phosphites and of tris(p-anisyltelluro)phosphite [1]

White phosphorus reacts with organic diselenides in a dipolar aprotic solvent in the presence of a base with the formation of tri(alkyl- or aryl-seleno)phosphites in good yield. Tri(methylseleno)phosphitc shows a 31P-chemical shift = ?107 ppni (JP, ⁷⁷Se = 233 Hz). It is readily oxidizcd in air to the corresponding selenophosphate, (CH₃Se)₃ P?O, ³¹P-chemical shift = ?16 ppm. Tri(phenylseleno)phosphite reacts readily with mercury oxide to give the tri(phenylseleno)phosphate, a yellow solid of m.p. 105–110°. It also reacts with sulfur in refluxing benzene solution to give tri(phenylseleno)thiophosphate, also a yellow solid of m.p. 55–58°. However, an attempt to prepare tri(phenylseleno)selenophosphate failed. Under the same conditions as given above, white phosphorus also reacts with di-p-anisyl ditelluride to give tris(p-anisyltelluro)phosphite, shiny, rusty brown crystals which decompose rapidly at room temperature, but are stable for several months when kept in acetonc solution at ?20°.     

Die CuCl-katalysierte Reaktion von Trimethylsilyl(t-butyl)chlorphosphan mit Dimethylzirconocen: Ein Beispiel der Tandem-Katalyse

The CuCl-catalyzed Reaction of Trimethylsilyl(t-butyl)chlorophosphane with Dimethylzirconocene: An Example for Tandem Catalysis t-BuP(SiMe₃)Cl was prepared from t-BuP(SiMe₃)₂ and hexachloroethane and reacted in situ with Cp₂ZrMe₂ in the presence of catalytic amounts of copper(I) chloride yielding t-Bu(Me)P? P(Cl)t-Bu ( 1 ) (2 : 1 reaction) or t-Bu(Me)P? P · (Me)t-Bu ( 2 ) (1 : 1 reaction) and Cp₂ZrCl(Me). To understand the course of reaction, the reaction of dimethylzirconocene with CuCl and the decomposition of t-BuP(SiMe₃)Cl in the presence of CuCl and tetrachloroethene were studied. The results suggest that CuCl reacts with t-BuP(SiMe₃)Cl in the presence of C₂Cl₄ to give t-Bu(Cl)P? P(Cl)t-Bu ( 3 ); simultaneously, CuCl reacts with Cp₂ZrMe₂ with formation of methylcopper, which reacts with 3 to give 1 or 2 , respectively.     

Stabilisierung von ?PC〈-Bindungen durch cyclische Silylhydrazone

Stabilization of ? P?C〈 Bonds by Cyclic Silylhydrazones 1,2-Diaza-3-sila-5-cyclopentenes unsubstituted at the 4-position react after lithiation with halophosphanes and -arsanes to give 1 – 4 . The 4-methylated ring 5 reacts analogously with F₂P? N(SiMe₃)₂ to give 6 , but exchanges the dimethylsilyl group of the ring in reaction with PCl₃, to give 1,2-diaza-3-phospha-3,5-cyclopentadien 7 . The phosphaethenes 8 and 9 are formed from 4-trimethylsilylsubstituted lithiated rings by reaction with difluorophosphanes, F₂PR (R = N(SiMe₃) CMe₃, N(SiMe₃)₂) and elimination of LiF and chlorosilane.     

Some reactions of 3-hydroxythietane

3-Hydroxythietane is readily oxidized by hydrogen peroxide in acetone or acetic acid solution at 0°C to give 3-hydroxythietane-1-oxide. 3-Thietyl acetate is oxidized similarly. 3-Hydroxythietane-1-oxide reacts vigorously with SOCl₂ in benzene, with the formation of bis-2, 3-dichloropropyl disulfide. 3-Hydroxythietane-1,1-dioxide reacts with phosgene to give 3-thietyl-1, 1-dioxide chloroformate, which gives with diethylamine 3-thietyl-1, 1-dioxide N, N-dimethylcarbamate. Sodium peroxide and barium perbenzoate with the chloroformate give the corresponding di-(3-thietyl-1, 1-dioxide) peroxydicarbonate and 3-thietyl-1, 1-dioxide perbenzoate.     

Transmetallierung von Zinn(II) in [Sn(μ3‐PSitBu3)]4 durch Barium – von Sn4P4‐Heterocuban‐Strukturen zu heterobinuklearen Käfigverbindungen mit einem zentralen BanSn4−nP4‐Heterocuban‐Polyeder (n = 1, 2 und 3)

Transmetallation of Tin(II) in [Sn(μ₃‐PSitBu₃)]₄ by Barium – from Sn₄P₄ Heterocubane Structures to Heterobinuclear Cage Compounds with a Central Ba_nSn_4?nP₄ Heterocubane Polyhedron (n = 1, 2 and 3) For the preparation of compounds of the type [Ba_nSn_4?n(PSitBu₃)₄] (n = 1 ( 2 ), 2 ( 3 ) and 3 ( 4 )) two synthetic routes are applicable: in the transmetallation reaction homometallic [Sn₄(PSitBu₃)₄] ( 1 ) reacts with barium metal and in a deprotonation reaction (metallation) tri(tert‐butyl)silylphosphane reacts simultaneously with (thf)₂Ba[N(SiMe₃)₂]₂ and Sn[N(SiMe₃)₂]₂. During the transmetallation reaction mixtures of the heterobimetallic cage compounds 2 to 4 are obtained, however, analytically pure compounds 2 and 3 are accessible by the metallation reaction. Compound 4 is formed as a minor product together with 3 . Due to the larger Ba‐P bond lengths compared to the Sn‐P values the substitution of tin by barium leads to strong distortions of the heterocubane moiety. With NMR‐spectroscopic experiments one could show that all the above mentioned compounds form Ba_nSn_4?nP₄ heterocubane cage structures.     

Efficient Oxidation of Sulfur Mustard and Its Simulants using N‐tert‐Butyl‐N‐chlorocyanamide

N‐tert‐Butyl‐N‐chlorocyanamide reacts with sulfur mustard instantaneously to give a corresponding nontoxic sulfoxide in quantitative yield. The transformation is selective and takes place in semi‐aqueous medium (CH₃CN/H₂O, 1∶1), even at subzero temperatures.     

O-Protonation of α-Diazoketones in Super-strong Acids

Primary diazoketones, R? CO? CHN₂, are O-protonated in HF? SbF₅? SO₂ or FSO₃H? SbF₅? SO₂ at ?60°, as observed by NMR. The OH-proton resonates at 9.3–9.6 δ and is coupled with H? C 1 (J = 1–2.5 Hz). Secondary diazoketones, R? CO? C(N₂)? R, when protonated, give an OH-singlet at 8.85 δ. The assignments are corroborated by use of deuterated diazoketones, R? CO? CDN₂, or deuterated acid, FSO₃D. Primary diazoketones react with FSO₃H at ?60° to ?15°, giving products assigned the fluorosulfate structure, R? CO? CH₂? OSO₂F; they do not exchange H? C 1 with solvent before or during decomposition. Intermediate C-protonated diazonium ions and α-oxo-carbonium ions (vinyl carbonium ions) have not been identified. 3-Diazo-4-methyl-2-pentanone (VIII) reacts with FSO₃H at ?15°, eliminating N₂ and giving protonated mesityl oxide by a strictly intramolecular hydride shift.     

Kristallstruktur des Bis[lithium-tris(trimethylsilyl)-hydrazids] und Reaktionen mit Fluorboranen, -silanen und -phosphanen

Crystal Structure of Bis[lithium-tris(trimethylsilyl)hydrazide] and Reactions with Fluoroboranes, -silanes, and -phospanes Tris(trimethylsilyl)hydrazine reacts with n-butyllithium in n-hexane to give the lithium-derivative 1 . The reaction of 1 with SiF₄, PhSiF₃, BF₃ · OEt₂, F₂BN(SiMe₃)₂ and PF₃ leads to the substitution products 2–6 . The 1,2-diaza-3-bora-5-silacyclopentane 7 is formed by heating (Me₃Si)₂N? N(SiMe₃)(BFNSiMe₃)₂ ( 5 ) at 250°C. In the reaction of (Me₃Si)₂N? N(SiMe₃)PF₂ ( 6 ) with lithiated tert.-butyl(trimethylsilyl)amine the hydrazino-iminophosphene (Me₃Si)₂N? N = P? N(SiMe₃)(CMe₃) ( 8 ) is obtained. In the molar ratio 2:1 1 reacts with SiF₄ and BF₃ · OEt₂ to give bis[tris(trimethylsilyl)hydrazino]silane 9 and -borane 10 .     

S-Transferreaktionen mit Bis(imidazolo)sulfan und silylierten Schwefel-Stickstoffverbindungen: Herstellung funktionalisierter Thioschwefeldiimide

S-Transfer Reactions with Bis(imidazolo)sulfane and Silylated Sulfur-Nitrogen Compounds: Synthesis of Functionally Thiosulfurdiimides Sulfinimideamides Rs(NSiMe₃)N(SiMe₃)₂ ( 1 ) (R = t-Bu or Ph) react with bis(imidazolo)sulfane via S^IV → ^II-? redox transimination”? yielding thiosulfurdiimides RSN ? S ? NSiMe₃ ( 2 ), which reacts with further bis(imidazolo)sulfane to give dithiosulfur-dimides RSN ? NSR ( 3 ). Solvolysis of 2 with MeOH gives the corresponding NH-compounds RSN ? S ? NH ( 4 ).     

Thermal decomposition of barium oxalate hemihydrate BaC2O4·0.5H2O

The thermal behaviour of BaC₂O₄sd0.5H₂O and BaCO₃ in carbon dioxide and nitrogen atmospheres is investigated as part of a study about the thermal decomposition of barium trioxalatoaluminate. For this purpose thermogravimetry, differential thermal analysis, differential scanning calorimetry and high temperature X-ray diffraction were used. An infrared absorption spectrum of BaC₂O₄·0.5H₂O was scanned at room temperature.At increasing temperature, in dry nitrogen, the hydrate water of BaC₂O₄· 0.5H₂O is split off, followed by the oxalate decomposition. A part of the evolved carbon monoxide disproportionates, leaving carbon behind. At higher temperatures the latter reacts with barium carbonate, previously formed. Finally the residual solid barium carbonate decomposes into barium oxide and carbon dioxide.In dry carbon dioxide atmosphere an analogous dehydration occurs, followed by oxalate decomposition. Under these conditions the carbon formation is fully suppressed, and as a consequence no secondary reaction occurs. The barium carbonate decomposition is shifted to much higher temperatures, at a low rate in the solid phase, a strongly accelerated one at the onset of melting, and a moderated one when the melt is saturated with barium carbonate. The two phase transitions of BaCO₃ are detectable in both atmospheres mentioned.     

Reaction of Frustrated Lewis Pairs with Ketones and Esters

The frustrated Lewis pair (FLP) Mes₂PCH₂CH₂B(C₆F₅)₂ ( 1 ) reacts with an enolizable conjugated ynone by 1,4‐addition involving enolate tautomerization to give an eight‐membered zwitterionic heterocycle. The conjugated endione PhCO‐CH?CH‐COPh reacts with the intermolecular FLP tBu₃P/B(C₆F₅)₃ by a simple 1,4‐addition to an enone subunit. The same substrate undergoes a more complex reaction with the FLP 1 that involves internal acetal formation to give a heterobicyclic zwitterionic product. FLP 1 reacts with dimethyl maleate by selective overall addition to the C?C double bond to give a six‐membered heterocycle. It adds analogously to the triple bond of an acetylenic ester to give a similarly structured six‐membered heterocycle. The intermolecular FLP P(o‐tolyl)₃/B(C₆F₅)₃ reacts analogously with acetylenic ester by trans‐addition to the carbon–carbon triple bond. An excess of the intermolecular FLP tBu₃P/B(C₆F₅)₃, which contains a more nucleophilic phosphane, reacts differently with acetylenic ester examples, namely by O? C(alkyl) bond cleavage to give the {R‐CO₂[B(C₆F₅)₃]₂^?}[alkyl‐PtBu₃⁺] salts. Simple aryl or alkyl esters react analogously by using the borane‐stabilized carboxylates as good leaving groups. All essential products were characterized by X‐ray diffraction.     

Synthese und Kristallstruktur des trimeren [(Me3Si)2CH]2Al?CN

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of the Trimeric [(Me₃Si)₂CH]₂Al? CN Tetrakis[bis(trimethylsilyl)methyl]dialane(4) 1 with an Al? Al bond reacts with tert-butyl isocyanide in the molar ratio of 1:2 within three days to give a mixture of several unknown products, from which the title compound 4 is isolated in a 26% yield by recrystallization from n-pentane. 4 is a trimer in the solid state via Al? C?N? Al bridges showing a nine-membered Al₃C₃N₃ heterocycle in a boat conformation. In contrary to the reaction with phenyl isocyanide the expected dark red product of the twofold insertion into the Al? Al bond under formation of a carbon-carbon single bond is detected only spectroscopically as a minor by-product.     

Hetarylnitrenes V. Reactions of Tetrazolopyrazine Ring Contraction of Nitrenodiazines in Solution. Preliminary communication

Thermolysis of tetrazolopyrazine ( 1 ) in organic solvents gives pyrazinylnitrene ( 2 ) which undergoes ring contraction to 1-cyanoimidazole ( 3 ). 7-Methyl-5-methylthio-tetrazolo[1,5-c]pyrimidine ( 4 ) likewise gives 1-cyano-2-methylthio-4-methyl-imidazole ( 6 ). The two tetrazoles also undergo ring contraction to 1-cyanoimidazoles by gas chromatography, and 1 gives a low yield of 3 by photolysis. Thermolysis of 1 and 4 in cyclohexane gives aminopyrazine ( 7 ) and 6-amino-4-methyl-2-methylthio-pyrimidine ( 8 ), respectively. Tetrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines ( 9 ) give only 2-aminopyrimidines ( 10 ). 1-Cyanoimidazole, formed by thermolysis of 1 in acetic acid, reacts further to give 1-acetylimidazole, which with more acetic acid gives imidazole and acetic anhydride. An earlier report [2] of ring expansion of pyrazinylnitrene in acetic acid is discredited. In protic deuteriated solvents (D₃O, CH₃OD), tetrazolopyrazine reacts as an enamine, specifically exchanging H? C(6) for deuterium.     

The preparation of NbH5(Me2PCH2CH2Me2)2 and NbHL2(Me2PCH2CH2PMe2)2 (L = CO or C2H4)

MMe₅(dmpe) (M = Nb or Ta, dmpe = Me₂PCH₂CH₂PMe₂) reacts with H₂ (500 atm) and dmpe in THF at 60°C to give MH₅(dmpe)_2? NbH₅(dmpe)₂ readily reacts with two mol of CO or ethylene (L) to give NbHL₂(dmpe)₂. The exchange of the hydride ligand with the ethylene protons in NbH(C₂H₄)₂(dmpe)₂ is not rapid on the ¹H NMR time scale (60 MHz) at 95°C.     

Nitric oxide complexes of trimethylaluminium

Nitric oxide reacts with trimethylaluminium to give complexes Me₃AlNO and Me₃Al(NO)₂ which appear to be derivatives of N-methyl-N-nitrosohydroxylamine.     

Cyclokondensationen mit primären Sulfinimidamiden: Herstellung sechsgliedriger Ringe mit λ4-Thiadiazin- und λ4-Thiatriazadiphosphorin-Konstitution

Cyclocondensations with Primary Sulfinimidamides: Synthesis of Six-membered Rings with λ⁴-Thiadiazine and λ⁴-Thiatriazadiphosphorine Constitution 1,1-Dimethyl-ethanesulfinimidamide ( 1 ,) reacts with tetracyanoethylene by elimination of hydrogen cyanide to give the 1,2,6-thiadiazine 2 . In the cyclocondensation reaction of 1 , with tetrachloromethane and phosphines Ph₂PR′ (R′ = Ph₂PNH or Ph) the 1,2,4,6,3,5-thiatriazaphosphorine 3 a , and the ring-open compound [t-BuS(NH)NHPPh₃]Cl ( 4 ,), respectively, are formed by P? N-bond formation. The compounds are characterized by IR, MS and NMR data, and for 3a , further by X-ray structure analysis (space group P1 , Z = 2).     

Acyclische und cyclische Silylhydrazone und Hydrazonylsilane

Acyclic and Cyclic Silylhydrazones and Hydrazonylsilanes Dimethylketone-di-tert-butylmethylsilylhydrazone ( 1 ) is obtained in the reaction of the silylhydrazine and dimethylketone by condensation. Di-tert-butyldifluorosilane reacts with lithiated hydrazones to give fluorosilylhydrazones 2–4 , (CMe₃)₂SiF? NH? N = CRR′, ( 2 : R=Me, R′=CMe₃; 3 : R,R′=CHMe₂; 4 : R,R′=Ph). The bis(hydrazonyl)silane 5 , (CMe₃)₂Si(NH? N=CPh₂)₂, is formed in a molar ratio 1:2. Tris( 6 )- and tetrakis(hydrazonyl)silanes ( 7 ) are obtained from CMe₃SiF₃ ( 6 ), SiF₄ ( 7 ), and lithiated tert-butylmethylketon-hydrazone. The lithium derivatives 8–11 are formed in the reaction of 1–4 with butyllithium. Bis(silyl)hydrazones ( 12–15 ) are the result of the reaction of halogensilanes and the lithium derivatives of 1(8), 2(9) and 3(10); 12 : (CMe₃)₂SiMe(CMe₃SiF₂)-N? N=CMe₂, 13 : (CMe₃)₂MeSi(PhSiF₂)N? N=CMe₂, 14 : (CMe₃)₂SiF(Me₃Si)N? N=C(Me)(CMe₃), 15 : (CMe₃)₂SiF (SiMe₃)N? N=C(CHMe₂)₂. Saltelimination out of 10 und 11 leads to the formation of the first bis(imino)-2,2,4,4-cyclodisilazanes, 16 :[(CMe₃)₂ SiN? N=C(CHMe₂)₂]₂, 17 : [(CMe₃)₂SiN? N=CPh₂]₂. Cyclisation occurs in the reaction of 12 und 14 with tert-butyllithium, 2-silyl-1,2-diaza-3-sila-5-cyclopentenes ( 18 and 19 ) are formed. Dilithiated 1 reacts with SiF₄ to give the spirocyclic compound 20 . HF-elimination from 18 and dimerisation of the intermediate diazasilacyclopentadiens lead to the formation of the tricyclus 21 .     

Zwei Wege zu Si-funktionellen Cyclosilazanen – Kristallstruktur des 1,3,6,8,10,12-Hexa-aza-2,4,5,7,9,11-hexasila-dispiro[4.1.4.1]dodecan

Two Ways to Si-functional Cyclosilanes — Crystal Structure of 1,3,6,8,10,12-Hexa-aza-2,4,5,7,9,11-hexasila-dispiro [4.1.4.1]dodecan Aminochlorosilanes [RSiCl₂NHCMe₃, R ? Cl ( 1 ), H ( 2 )] are obtained in the reaction of the chlorosilanes with LiNHCMe₃. HSiCl₂N(iso-Bu)SiMe₃ ( 3 ) is formed in the reaction of HSiCl₃ and LiN(iso-Bu)SiMe₃. HSiCl₃ reacts with LiN(CMe₃)SiMe₃ under LiCl and Me₃SiCl elimination to give the cyclodisilazane [(HSiCl? NCMe₃)₂ ( 4 )]. In addition to C₆H₅SiCl₂N(CMe₃)SiMe₃ ( 5 ), the main product of the reaction of trichloro-phenylsilane with LiN(CMe₃)SiMe₃ is C₆H₅SiCl₂NHCMe₃ ( 6 ). 3 loses Me₃SiCl thermally, giving the cyclotrisilazane [(HSiCl? N? iso-Bu)₃ ( 7 )]. 5 loses iso-butane thermally with formation of C₆H₅? SiCl₂? NH? SiMe₃ ( 8 ). 1 , 2 and 6 react with LiC₄H₉ under butane and LiCl elimination to give the cyclodisilazes [(RSiCl? NCMe₃)₂, R ? H ( 4 ), Cl ( 9 ), C₆H₅ ( 10 )]. 4 is fluorinated to (HSiF? NCMe₃)₂ ( 11 ) by NaF. The alcoholysis of 4 leads to the formation of [(H(RO)Si? NCMe₃)₂, R ? Me ( 12 ), C₆H₅ ( 13 )], the aminolysis to [(H(NR₂)Si? NCMe₃)₂, R ? Me ( 14 ), C₂H₅ ( 15 )], only one chloro atom of 4 is substituted in the reaction with H₂NCMe₃ ( 16 ). 4 reacts with lithium to give the 1,3,6,8,10,12-hexa-aza-2,4,5,7,9,11-hexasila-dispiro[4.1.4.1]dodecan ( 17 ), for which the crystal structure is reported.