Ag/La0.6Sr0.4MnO3基催化剂上CH3OH和CO的完全氧化

合成了Ａｇ／Ｌａ０．６Ｓｒ０．４ＭｎＯ３、Ａｇ／Ｌａ０．６Ｓｒ０．４ＭｎＯ３／γ－ＡＩ２Ｏ３两毓催化剂,发现钙钛矿型Ｌａ０．６Ｓｒ０．４ＭｎＯ３对低浓度ＣＨ３ＯＨ或ＣＯ的完全氧化显示出相当高的催化活性,适量Ａｇ对钙钛矿型Ｌａ０．６Ｓ５０．４ＭｎＯ３基质的修使其对ＣＨ３ＯＨ或ＣＯ完全氧化催化活性获明显提高;在６％Ａｇ／２０％Ｌａ０．６Ｓｒ０．４ＭｎＯ３／γ－ＡＩ２Ｏ３催化剂 ,ＣＨ３ＯＨ完全氧化的Ｔ     

低浓度甲烷甲醇深度氧化Ag/La0.6Sr0.4MnO3催化剂

Ag-modified La0.6Sr0.4MnO3 catalysts were prepared and their catalytic performance for deep oxidation of CH4 and CH3OH at low concentrations were investigated. The results showed that the La0.6Sr0.4MnO3 host catalyst with the perovskite-type nano-crystallite structure displayed considerably high catalytic activity for deep oxidation of CH4 and CH3OH at low concentrations. Ag modification to the La0.6Sr0.4MnO3 host catalyst resulted in significant enhancement of the catalyst activity, making the T95 (the reaction temperature needed for conversion of 95%of CH4 or CH3OH) lowered down to 735K (for CH4) and 421K (for CH3OH) from 813 and 465 K over the Ag-free system under the reaction conditions:0.1MPa,CH4/O2/N2=2/12/86(molar ratio),GHSV=45000 h-1 and CH3OH/O2/N2= 0.2/1.0/98.8 (molar ratio),GHSV=58000 h-1,respectively.The carbon containing product was almost CO2 and the contents of HCHO and CO in the reaction exit gas were both under GC detectable limit in both cases.
The results of spectroscopic characterization indicated that modification by proper amount of Ag-dopant did not change the perovskite structure of the La0.6Sr0.4MnO3 host catalyst as a whole. Interaction of Ag-dopant with the surface of the host catalyst,La0.6Sr0.4MnO3,was in favor of high dispersion of the Ag component at the catalyst surface and led to the oxidation of part of the Mn3+species to Mn4+,resulting in an increase of amounts of the reducible Mnn+ species and a decrease of their reduction temperature. On the other hand, this interaction led also to enhancement of adsorption ability of the catalyst toward O2 at relatively low temperature. High activity of the Ag modified La0.6Sr0.4MnO3 catalyst for CH4 and CH3OH complete oxidation was closely related to high redox-activity of the catalyst and its prominent adsorption-activation ability to O2 at relatively low temperatures.     

负载型La0.8Sr0.2MnO3燃烧催化剂的载体效应

用浸渍法制备负载型Ｌａ_（０．８）Ｓｒ_（０．２）Ｍｎｏ_３燃烧催化剂,比较了γ－ＡＩ_２Ｏ_３、α－ＡＩ_２Ｏ_３、堇青石（２ＭｇＯ·２Ａｌ_２Ｏ_３、５ＳｉＯ_２）和ＺｒＯ_2四种载体的负载效果．用ＸＲＤ,ＤＰＲ着重研究了γ－Ａｌ_２Ｏ_３载体上由于负载量不同、焙烧温度不同引起的催化剂物相变化和二甲苯完全氧化的催化活性变化．     

在镍系钙钛矿(ABO_3)型催化剂上的氨氧化 Ⅲ.焙烧温度对催化剂结构和活性的影响

本文探讨了焙烧温度对催化剂结构及氨氧化活性的影响。得出:La_(0.9)Sr_(0.1)NiO_(3-λ)在1223K后分解,生成具有K_2NiF_4结构的La_2NiO_4相,NiO相和LaNiO_3相。催化活性相主要是具有钙钛矿结构的组分。最佳活性相在1273K形成。     

Pd/NaZSM-5负载型催化剂上CO完全氧化研究

采用浸渍法制备了一系列Pd/NaZSM-5负载型催化剂。考察了焙烧温度、反应温 度、Pd含量及预还原等对CO氧化性能的影响。结果表明：制备条件和反应条件对催 化活性均有较大影响,催化剂的活性随着焙烧温度的增加而降低,随反应温度及 Pd含量的增加而增加。XRD,TEM结果表明催化剂中Pd组分处于高分散状状;表面 XPS分析证实催化剂表面Pd物种PdO_2和PdO在反应过程中发生明显的表面化学变化 ,高价Pd物种随反应的进行逐步被CO还原为低价Pd物种,催化剂活性下降与Pd物种 被还原有关。H_2预还原作用也导致催化剂活性有所下降。     

Co/γ-Al2O3催化剂上CO氧化反应的研究

以浸渍法与沉积沉淀法制备了不同Co负载量的Co／γ-Al2O3催化剂,研究了对CO的催化氧化行为,考察了Co含量,焙烧温度,反应温度等对催化剂氧化性能的影响,结果表明,沉积沉淀法制备400℃焙烧的负载量为10％的Co／γ-Al2O3在90℃就能够实现CO完全氧化,且热稳定性比浸渍法制得催化剂好．本文还采用XRD、TPR、XPS等技术,分别研究了Co／γ-Al2O3样品的晶相结构,还原性能及表面化学状态.XRD结果表明,以硝酸盐为前驱物的Co负载于γ-Al2O3后,Co主要以Co3O4结构存在,反应的活性相Co3O4的生成有利于CO催化氧化,且以不同制备方法得到的样品中Co3O4晶粒大小不同,催化活性也不同．TPR结果表明,以沉积沉淀法制备催化剂的还原峰向低温移动,CoOx的还原更加容易．XPS表面分析表明沉淀法制备的Co／γ-Al2O3样品中,Co3O4在载体表面富集．     

Ir/CeO2催化剂的表征和CO氧化性能

采用浸渍法制备了Ir/CeO2催化剂,考察了催化剂的CO氧化活性。随着Ir负载量的增加,Ir/CeO2催化剂的CO氧化活性先上升后下降,当Ir的负载量为1%时,催化剂的活性最高。Ir/CeO2催化剂中Ir以IrO2的形式存在,当低负载量(≤1%)时以高分散形式存在;高负载量(>1%)时以晶相IrO2的形式存在。随着Ir负载量增加,Ir粒子逐渐变大,反应比速率和反应转换频率(TOF)逐渐下降,表明小粒子上具有更高的CO反应活性。同时也发现金属态Ir催化剂的CO氧化活性高于氧化态IrOx催化剂。     

乳液聚合法制备P(St/BA)-KAl(OH)2CO3纳米复合物

利用乳液聚合法制备了一种含KAl(OH)2CO3纳米粒子的聚苯乙烯／丙烯酸丁酯复合物．Zeta电位、粒径分布、扫描电镜(SEM)和透射电镜(TEM)等分析表明KAl(OH)2CO3粒子能够稳定地分散于苯丙乳液的乳胶粒中,形成核一壳结构．热失重(TG)分析表明KAl(OH)2CO3粒子的加入能提高复合物的热稳定性,使其在阻燃涂料领域有着潜在的应用前景．     

KF在CO2和CH3OH直接合成DMC负载型金属催化剂中作用的研究

用表面改性和离子交换法制备了MgSiO载体,在其中加入KF助剂制备了MgSiO-KF载体,用等体积浸渍法制备了负载型金属铜催化剂。利用IR、化学分析技术,对载体和负载型金属催化剂进行了表征;采用微反技术,考察了催化剂催化CO2与CH3OH反应的性能,并着重研究了KF助剂对催化性能的影响。结果表明,MgSiO中Mg与Si之间形成双齿型配位结构,KF中的F可以取代Mg-Si-O中的桥O形成－Mg-F和K－O－Si结构。CO2在Cu位上形成线式和剪式吸附态,在金属位与Lewis酸活性位Mg^2 的协同作用下形成卧式吸附态;CH3OH在催化剂上形成分子吸附态和解离吸附态。在催化剂中引入适量助剂KF,可明显提高催化活性。     

低浓度甲烷甲醇深度氧化Ag/La0.6Sr0.4MnO3催化剂

用柠檬酸溶胶－凝胶法制备钙钛矿型Ｌａ０．６Ｓｒ０．４ＭｎＯ３氧化物,并用Ａｇ对其进行修饰,制得Ａｇ／Ｌａ０．６Ｓｒ０．４ＭｎＯ３系列催化剂。结果表明,６％Ａｇ／Ｌａ０．６Ｓｒ０．４ＭｎＯ３催化剂上甲烷或甲醇氧化转化９５％时的反应温度Ｔ９５可低至７３５Ｋ（对ＣＨ４）或４２１Ｋ（对ＣＨ３ＯＨ）;适量Ａｇ的负载修饰并不改变催化剂基质氧化物Ｌａ０．６Ｓｒ０．４ＭｎＯ３的纳米级钙钛矿型结构;Ａｇ的掺杂诱使催     

La0.6Sr0.4Co0.8Fe0.2O3钙钛矿复合氧化物的柠檬酸盐法合成与导电性能

采用柠檬酸盐法合成出La0.6Sr0.4Co0.8Fe0.2O3钙钛矿复合氧化物超细粉料,考查了各种影响溶胶与凝胶的形成以及合成粉料晶体结构与颗粒形态的因素,并确定了最佳的合成条件。研究了烧成温度对La0.6Sr0.4Co0.8Fe0.2O3电导率的影响,发现1200℃是最合适的烧成温度。研究结果表明,在室温～900℃范围内,样品的电导率在600℃附近出现峰值(～103S·cm-1),在低温段样品的导电行为符合小极化子导电机制,不同烧成温度的样品的导电活化能基本一致(5.31～5.79kJ·mol-1)。与常规固相合成法相比,柠檬酸盐法合成的La0.6Sr0.4Co0.8Fe0.2O3具有更高的烧结活性和电导率。     

Promotion effect of adsorbed water/OH on the catalytic performance of Ag/activated carbon catalysts for CO preferential oxidation in excess H2

Activated carbon (AC) supported silver catalysts were prepared by incipient wetness impregnation method and their catalytic performance for CO preferential oxidation (PROX) in excess H₂ was evaluated. Ag/AC catalysts, after reduction in H₂ at low temperatures (≤200 °C) following heat treatment in He at 200 °C (He200H200), exhibited the best catalytic properties. Temperature-programmed desorption (TPD), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and temperature-programmed reduction (TPR) results indicated that silver oxides were produced during heat treatment in He at 200 °C which were reduced to metal silver nanoparticles in H₂ at low temperatures (≤200 °C), simultaneously generating the adsorbed water/OH. CO conversion was enhanced 40% after water treatment following heat treatment in He at 600 °C. These results imply that the metal silver nanoparticles are the active species and the adsorbed water/OH has noticeable promotion effects on CO oxidation. However, the promotion effect is still limited compared to gold catalysts under the similar conditions, which may be the reason of low selectivity to CO oxidation in PROX over silver catalysts. The reported Ag/AC-S-He catalyst after He200H₂00 treatment displayed similar PROX of CO reaction properties to Ag/SiO₂. This means that Ag/AC catalyst is also an efficient low-temperature CO oxidation catalyst.     

由HRuCo_3(CO)_(12)制备的催化剂上CO加氢反应中含氧产物分布与表面酰基的关系

由HRuCo_3(CO)_(12)制备的催化剂在CO加氢反应中,若在初始阶段或温度较低的条件下,含氧产物大部分是甲醇;若增加反应时间或提高反应温度,C_2含氧化合物则是主要产物。原位红外光谱揭示了甲酰基和乙酰基分别是形成甲醇和C_2含氧化合物的中间体,而且乙酰基来自甲酰基与甲基的相互工作用。     

Ru_3（CO）_（12）均相和非均相催化1－庚烯氢甲酰化的研究

Ｒｕ＿３（ＣＯ）＿（１２）均相和非均相催化１－庚烯氢甲酰化的研究李忠，张俊忠，李彦旭，阴丽华，王常有（太原工业大学煤化工研究所，太原０３００２４）关键词羰基化，钌催化剂，均相催化，多相催化氢甲酰化反应是工业上重要的均相络合催化反应之一，主要应用钴、铑...