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On the specific experience of national metrology institutes (NMIs) with national accreditation bodies (NABs) 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Janko Drnovsek 《Accreditation and quality assurance》2008,13(6):321-325
The following paper addresses the experience of certain national metrology institutes (NMIs) with national accreditation bodies
(NABs), in particular in small countries with emerging economies in new EU or candidate member states. Specific cases have
been analysed primarily in some Central and South-East European countries. NABs under consideration are, in principle, members
of European Co-operation for Accreditation (EA). EA cross-frontier policy in these cases will be discussed and resulting dilemmas
outlined. Focus will be given to the problems of NMIs also performing calibrations, commercial calibration laboratories, and
their relations with NABs. Due to numerous problems of smaller NABs, cross-frontier policy should stimulate cooperation between
foreign and local accreditation bodies not only at the request of the calibration laboratory or some other conformity assessment
body, but at the request of the local accreditation body in order to provide the best service for their local economy. As
a solution to the accreditation problems, this paper proposes a process of gradual formation of a common European pool of
experts, real-life common practices and, finally, maybe even some form of joint European accreditation service.
The opinions expressed in the paper are personal statements of the author, and do not necessarily reflect the official opinions
of the institutions of the author.
Papers published in this section do not necessarily reflect the opinion of the Editors, the Editorial Board and the Publisher. 相似文献
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The history since 1992 and the current state of affairs of the Russian Accreditation system for analytical laboratories are described. Some national characteristics of the implementation of the ISO/IEC 17025 Standard in Russia are considered. The elucidation of some ISO/IEC 17025 Standard prepositions is presented to facilitate implementation of the Standard by accreditation bodies and analytical laboratories claiming accreditation. 相似文献
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Håkan Källgren Margreet Lauwaars Bertil Magnusson Leslie Pendrill Phillip Taylor 《Accreditation and quality assurance》2003,8(12):541-547
There is increasing interest in the role of measurement uncertainty in conformity assessment, particularly where measurements are in support of fair trade, health & safety and the environment. A lack of clarity, however, in treating measurement uncertainties and in setting specification limits for compliance may sometimes lead to drastic consequences. Examples concerning conformity assessment, particularly in the measurement of trace quantities (Cd in plastics and antibiotic trace residues in shrimps), are amongst cases identified in the ongoing EU project MetroTrade, which can be significant impediments to international trade. This paper considers the present status of the role of measurement uncertainty in conformity testing, covering both recent work in international standardisation and physical metrology (e.g. OIML recommendations on weighing). One conclusion is that, while much has been achieved, there still exists some work to be done in order to facilitate acceptance of conformity from both customer and supplier and avoid perceived barriers to trade and serious international trade disputes.Presented at the MetroTrade Workshop on Traceability and Measurement Uncertainty in Testing, 30–31 January 2003, Berlin, GermanyAn erratum to this article can be found at 相似文献
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Katherine Monnery 《Accreditation and quality assurance》2006,11(8-9):385-387
Following a pilot project in 2001–2002, UKAS accredited nine PT providers. During the course of the pilot and at subsequent surveillance visits, UKAS has gained experience in assessing organisations against the criteria detailed within ISO/IEC Guide 43-1:1997 and ILAC G13:2000. This article explores some of the key aspects that arose during the pilot and how UKAS has accommodated the addition of the accreditation of PT providers in to its range of services.Presented at the Eurachem PT Workshop September 2005, Portorož, Slovenia 相似文献
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Thomas P J Linsinger Alexander Bernreuther Philippe Corbisier Marta Dabrio Håkan Emteborg Andrea Held Andrée Lamberty Gaida Lapitajs Marina Ricci Gert Roebben Stefanie Trapmann Franz Ulberth Hendrik Emons 《Accreditation and quality assurance》2007,12(3-4):167-174
The potential approaches for third-party assessment of reference material producers are revisited and the activities of the
Reference Materials (RM) Unit of the Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements (IRMM) to obtain accreditation to
ISO Guide 34 and ISO 17025 are described. Accreditation was related to the Unit as all matrix RM activities of the institute
are concentrated there. A management system was established that allows sufficient flexibility to be applicable to a wide
range of RMs while being precise enough to ensure compliance with ISO Guides 30, 31 and especially 34 and 35. Accreditation
was achieved in 2004 with independent scopes for testing and RM production and was confirmed and extended in 2005. The key
aspects of the RM Unit's management system for RM production are presented.
Presented at BERM-10, April 2006, Charleston, SC, USA 相似文献
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The practical experience on the implementation of ISO/IEC 17025 compliant quality system in a nuclear analytical laboratory of the Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI) is described. This paper summarizes the need for a quality system and accreditation, the process of a quality system implementation, the quality system structures, and the formal accreditation of our laboratory by the Korean Laboratory Accreditation Scheme (KOLAS). Also, the improvements in the management, technical and service quality which resulted from implementation of this system are briefly reported. 相似文献
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J. Forstén 《Accreditation and quality assurance》1998,3(7):285-288
This article mainly focuses on the testing of products, materials, etc., but the general principles are applicable in a broader
perspective. Quality of testing should be judged based on fitness for purpose. This judgement includes both objective and
subjective elements. The possibility to make decisions and other professional judgements based on test results alone is discussed
and compared with the decisions and judgements being made through the certification and inspection process. Quality, including
the uncertainty of the test results, depends on many factors, and in order to make necessary improvements in the testing procedures
based on the customers' needs, the right issues should be addressed. The question arises as to whether, in laboratories' quality
systems and in the accreditation and certification process, attention is really paid to those factors that are crucial to
obtaining reliable results. 相似文献
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Bernard King 《Accreditation and quality assurance》2001,6(6):236-243
To facilitate just and sound decisions legal measurements must be reliable. The aim of this paper is to explore how this is
currently achieved and how it might be better done. It considers the different types of legal proceedings, the role of chemical
measurement, level of proof, the different types of chemical measurement, measurement units, the role of government, the chemical
measurement industry and its control, legal metrology and the development of a measurement system based on metrological principles.
It is argued that recent developments provide the basis for a robust support system, that but more needs to be done. It is
also argued that the conventional approach to legal metrology has little place in chemical measurement, but that some controls
are needed in some areas. In particular, a harmonised approach to international measurement standards is advocated.
Received: 29 December 2000 Accepted: 8 January 2001 相似文献
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The motives for and the implementation of a quality system complying with the requirements of the ISO/IEC 17025 standard in a gamma-ray spectrometry laboratory are briefly described, as well as its influence on the laboratory's work and output. The use of the quality system as a tool for managing and controlling the state of the laboratory is described. Two examples of control and improvement of the laboratory's performance are given. 相似文献
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John L. Love 《Accreditation and quality assurance》2002,7(3):95-100
Chemical results normally involve traceability to two reference points, the specific chemical entity and the quantity of this
entity. Results must also be traceable back to the original sample. As a consequence, any useful estimation of uncertainty
in results must include components arising from any lack of specificity of the method, the variation between repeats of the
measurement and the relationship of the result to the original sample. Chemical metrology does not yet incorporate uncertainty
arising from any lack of specificity from the method selected or the traceability of the result to the original sample. These
sources of uncertainty may however have much more impact on the reliability of the result than will any uncertainty associated
with the repeatability of the measurement. Uncertainty associated with sampling may amount to 50–1000% of the reported result.
Chemical metrology must be expanded to include estimations of uncertainty associated with lack of specificity and sampling.
Received: 29 May 2001 Accepted: 17 December 2001 相似文献
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This article describes the views of IRMM on accreditation of CRM producers and the philosophy which is behind these views.
More specifically, it explains the reasons for choosing ISO Guide 34 rather than ISO/IEC 17025 as the basis document for the
proposed accreditation of its CRM activites.
Received: 27 May 2002 Accepted: 11 July 2002
Acknowledgements Information on accreditation programmes in Australia and USA provided by Maree Stuart (NATA) and Randall V. Querry (AL2A)
is greatly acknowledged.
Correspondence to J. Pauwels 相似文献
15.
In the view of the Deutscher Kalibrierdienst (DKD) , a certifying body for reference materials can be considered to be a calibration laboratory. Therefore, accreditation of calibration laboratories in accordance with ISO/IEC 17025 is the most appropriate way to establish confidence in certificates for reference materials. If necessary, the criteria of ISO/IEC 17025 can be tailored to specific cases. There is no need to provide any new kind of reference-material specific accreditation. However, in view of the variety of reference materials and the practice existing in other countries, accreditation of testing laboratories and product certification bodies may optionally be acceptable as long as the same stringent principles with respect to traceability and measurement uncertainty are applied. Such accreditations but not accreditations of reference material producers (ISO Guide 34) are also covered by existing international mutual recognition arrangements (MRA). 相似文献
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Daniel Pierre 《Accreditation and quality assurance》2002,7(6):255-256
This article presents the European co-operation for Accreditation (EA) as it is to day and tries to focus on the main goals
on which we will be challenged in the very near future. 相似文献
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Ilya Kuselman 《Accreditation and quality assurance》2008,13(8):465-472
Chemistry students do not usually have the necessary background in mathematical statistics to study metrology and quality
principles in chemistry. Even when the students have studied mathematical statistics, it is helpful to refresh their statistical
knowledge, focusing on specific applications to metrology and quality in chemistry. Therefore, when planning a course for
teaching metrology and quality it is important to achieve a harmonized interaction of metrological and quality issues with
the supporting statistical issues. Additional possibilities for learning the relevant subjects originate from the Internet
(e-learning). Such a lecture course developed and delivered during the five years since 2003 at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem
is discussed in the paper. 相似文献
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Avramides EJ 《Journal of chromatography. A》2005,1080(2):166-176
The regular replacement of pure standards used in pesticide residue analysis laboratories and frequent preparation of stock standard solutions, both required by many accreditation bodies, impose considerable demands on a laboratory's resources. In this study, pure standards for all but one (heptenophos) of 118 different pesticides amenable to analysis by GC, and stock standard solutions (1000 microg/ml) prepared from these in toluene, acetone or ethyl acetate have been shown to be stable at < or = -20 degrees C over long periods: 4-13 and 2-8 years, respectively, for pure standards and solutions. Suitable solvents, containers and handling procedures are essential to avoid evaporation from solutions. 相似文献
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G. Price 《Accreditation and quality assurance》1996,1(4):150-159
Economic and technological change, regional and international trade and the globalisation of industry have led to intense
pressures for improvements to analytical quality, reliability and comparability. Of central importance are national traceability
structures connecting chemical measurements in the field with internationally accepted measurement units and their practical
realisations. Australia has a developed physical and engineering measurement system, a legislative framework for analytical
traceability and, in the National Association of Testing Authorities, a recognised laboratory accreditation system. The need
has been identified to develop the technical capability to perform matrix-independent reference measurements for the certification
of traceable reference materials, useable as practical analytical etalons to establish metrological control systems in field
measurements for amounts of substance. Recently, a unique collaborative consortium has proposed a National Analytical Reference
Laboratory (NARL). The NARL is designed to be a metrological mass spectrometry facility for the transference of measurement
units to more widely useable chemical measurement standards and reference materials.
Received: 10 October 1995 Accepted: 26 October 1995 相似文献
20.
Tai-Lun Ting Della Wai-Mei Sin Clare Ho Wai-Cheung Chung 《Accreditation and quality assurance》2006,11(4):172-174
The Government Laboratory has been involved in the provision of analytical and advisory services since its formal establishment in 1913 in support of the needs of the community and the commitments of the Government of Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China. One of the earliest areas of work involves the testing of food samples for maintenance of public health and food safety. Remarkable advances in technology in recent years coupled with the introduction of new policies and regulations, the launching of new international standards and requirements have all contributed to significant and ever-rising demand of accurate, specific, comparable and traceable measurements using the latest technologies for a wide variety of additives, contaminants, residues and genetically modified ingredients in food.Metrology, the science of measurement, has always played a key role in the development and validation of analytical methodologies in the Government Laboratory for the realization of its measurements to the highest level of accuracies and traceability to internationally recognized standards. Besides the application of the latest analytical technologies such as isotope dilution mass spectrometry, tandem mass spectrometry, real-time polymerase chain reactions, etc., the Analytical and Advisory Services Division of the Laboratory develops a quality assurance system in full compliance with the requirements of ISO/IEC 17025 and endeavours to ensure that every analytical methods are validated with the best applicable means and are fit for the intended purposes. In this presentation, the role and application of metrology in chemistry in the measurements pertaining to public health and food safety work undertaken by the Government Laboratory are discussed.Presented at International Symposium on Metrology in Chemistry, 2004 Beijing, China. 相似文献