共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Steven Ross 《Acta Analytica》2008,23(2):91-114
The author takes up three metaphysical conceptions of morality — realism, projectivism, constructivism — and the account of
justification or reason that makes these pictures possible. It is argued that the right meta-ethical conception should be
the one that entails the most plausible conception of reason-giving, rather than by any other consideration. Realism and projectivism,
when understood in ways consistent with their fundamental commitments, generate unsatisfactory models of justification; constructivism
alone does not. The author also argues for a particular interpretation of how “objective moral obligation” is to be understood
within constructivism.
相似文献
Steven RossEmail: |
2.
Claudio de Almeida 《Acta Analytica》2007,22(4):301-319
It is argued, on the basis of new counterexamples, that neither knowledge nor epistemic justification (or “epistemic rationality”)
can reasonably be thought to be closed under logical implication. The argument includes an attempt to reconcile the fundamental
intuitions of the opposing parties in the debate.
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Claudio de AlmeidaEmail: |
3.
Mikael Janvid 《Acta Analytica》2008,23(1):45-54
The purpose of this paper is to refute the widespread view that challenging a knowledge-claim always raises the original standards
of justification–a view often associated with contextualism. To that purpose the distinction between undermining and overriding
defeaters will be used. Three kinds of challenges will be considered that differ in their degree of specification. In all
three kinds of challenges, the rising standards of justification model fails to capture the dialectic of justification in
the case of undermining defeaters. At the end, the skeptical challenge will more briefly be given a similar analysis.
相似文献
Mikael JanvidEmail: |
4.
Javier Kalhat 《Acta Analytica》2008,23(2):161-176
In this paper I argue against Armstrong’s recent truthmaking account of possibility. I show that the truthmaking account presupposes
modality in a number of different ways, and consequently that it is incapable of underwriting a genuine reduction of modality.
I also argue that Armstrong’s account faces serious difficulties irrespective of the question of reduction; in particular,
I argue that his Entailment and Possibility Principles are both false.
相似文献
Javier KalhatEmail: |
5.
Steven Ross 《Acta Analytica》2009,24(1):43-61
The author considers how constructivism, presently known to us essentially as a theory for generating rules of social cooperation,
embodies a certain conception of justification that in turn may be thought of as a general theory. It is argued that moral
realism and projectivism are by turns platitudinous and unsatisfactory as conceptions of justification; by contrast the general
conception of justification in constructivism makes sense of reason giving and coherent rivalry. The author argues that once
the right picture of justification is in place, the picture constructivism illustrates or embodies, the problem of moral ontology
disappears.
相似文献
Steven RossEmail: |
6.
Jesper Kallestrup 《Acta Analytica》2009,24(3):155-171
Process reliabilists hold that in order for a belief to be justified, it must result from a reliable cognitive process. They
also hold that a belief can be basically justified: justified in this manner without having any justification to believe that
belief is reliably produced. Fumerton (1995), Vogel (2000), and Cohen (2002) have objected that such basic justification leads
to implausible easy justification by means of either epistemic closure principles or so-called track record arguments. I argue
that once we carefully distinguish closure principles from transmission principles, and epistemic consequences from epistemic
preconditions, neither version of this objection succeeds.
相似文献
Jesper KallestrupEmail: |
7.
Michael McDermott 《Acta Analytica》2007,22(4):333-335
In this note I discuss what seems to be a new kind of counterexample to Lewis’s account of counterfactuals. A coin is to be
tossed twice. I bet on ‘Two heads’, and I win. Common sense says that (1) is false. But Lewis’s theory says that it is true.
(1) If at least one head had come up, I would have won.
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Michael McDermottEmail: |
8.
Iris Einheuser 《Acta Analytica》2009,24(3):185-192
Some entities, such as fictional characters, propositions, properties, events and numbers are prima facie promising candidates for owing their existence to our linguistic and conceptual practices. However, it is notoriously hard
to pin down just what sets such allegedly “language-created” entities apart from ordinary entities. The present paper considers
some of the features that are supposed to distinguish between entities of the two kinds and argues that, on an independently
plausible account of what it takes to individuate objects, the criteria let in more than friends of the strategy might be
happy with.
相似文献
Iris EinheuserEmail: |
9.
Anomaly detection in a mobile communication network 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Alec Pawling Nitesh V. Chawla Greg Madey 《Computational & Mathematical Organization Theory》2007,13(4):407-422
Mobile communication networks produce massive amounts of data which may be useful in identifying the location of an emergency
situation and the area it affects. We propose a one pass clustering algorithm for quickly identifying anomalous data points.
We evaluate this algorithm’s ability to detect outliers in a data set and describe how such an algorithm may be used as a
component of an emergency response management system.
相似文献
Greg MadeyEmail: |
10.
Christopher Buford 《Acta Analytica》2009,24(3):197-209
Lynne Rudder Baker’s Constitution View of human persons has come under much recent scrutiny. Baker argues that each human person is constituted by, but not identical
to, a human animal. Much of the critical discussion of Baker’s Constitution View has focused upon this aspect of her account.
Less has been said about the positive diachronic account of personal identity offered by Baker. Baker argues that it is sameness of what she labels ‘first-person perspective’
that is essential to understanding personal identity over time. Baker claims that her account avoids the commitment to indeterminacy of personal identity entailed by the psychological
account. Further, the psychological account, but not her account, is plagued by what Baker labels the ‘duplication problem’.
In the end, I argue that neither of these considerations forces us to renounce the psychological account and adopt Baker’s
favored account.
相似文献
Christopher BufordEmail: |
11.
Kelly Becker 《Acta Analytica》2009,24(1):17-31
Timothy Williamson has provided damaging counterexamples to Robert Nozick’s sensitivity principle. The examples are based
on Williamson’s anti-luminosity arguments, and they show how knowledge requires a margin for error that appears to be incompatible
with sensitivity. I explain how Nozick can rescue sensitivity from Williamson’s counterexamples by appeal to a specific conception
of the methods by which an agent forms a belief. I also defend the proposed conception of methods against Williamson’s criticisms.
相似文献
Kelly BeckerEmail: |
12.
Laetitia Bueno-Ravel Ghislaine Gueudet 《International Journal of Computers for Mathematical Learning》2009,14(1):1-20
The study we present here concerns the consequences of integrating online resources into the teaching of mathematics. We focus
on the interaction between teachers and specific online resources they draw on: e-exercise bases. We propose a theoretical
approach to study the associated phenomena, combining instrumental and anthropological perspectives. For given didactical
tasks, we observe teachers’ instrumental geneses, and the didactical techniques they develop. We exemplify our approach with
the analysis of a case study of trigonometry in grade 9.
相似文献
Ghislaine GueudetEmail: |
13.
Dennis Earl 《Acta Analytica》2007,22(3):189-205
The paradox of analysis has been a problem for analytic philosophers at least since Moore’s time, and it is especially significant
for those who seek an account of analysis along classical lines. The present paper offers a new solution to the paradox, where
a theory of analysis is given where (1) analysandum and analysans are distinct concepts, due to their failing to share the
same conceptual form, yet (2) they are related in virtue of satisfying various semantic constraints on the analysis relation.
Rather than distinguish between analysandum and analysans by appeal to epistemic considerations, the paper appeals to semantic
considerations in giving a candidate account of the identity conditions for concepts. The distinctness of analysandum and
analysans then serves to block the paradox in a straightforward way.
相似文献
Dennis EarlEmail: |
14.
Kristie Miller 《Acta Analytica》2008,23(1):69-89
There is a fundamental ontological difference between two kinds of entity: things and objects. Unlike things, objects are
not identical to any fusion of particulars. Unlike things, objects do not have mereological parts. While things are ontologically
innocent, objects are not. Objects are meaty. I defend the distinction between things and objects, and provide an account of the nature of objects.
相似文献
Kristie MillerEmail: |
15.
Richard Garner 《Applied Categorical Structures》2009,17(3):247-285
The small object argument is a transfinite construction which, starting from a set of maps in a category, generates a weak
factorisation system on that category. As useful as it is, the small object argument has some problematic aspects: it possesses
no universal property; it does not converge; and it does not seem to be related to other transfinite constructions occurring
in categorical algebra. In this paper, we give an “algebraic” refinement of the small object argument, cast in terms of Grandis
and Tholen’s natural weak factorisation systems, which rectifies each of these three deficiencies.
相似文献
Richard GarnerEmail: |
16.
Nikolaj Nottelman 《Acta Analytica》2007,22(2):105-124
In this paper I discuss the claim that believing at will is ‘conceptually impossible’ or, to use a formulation encountered
in the debate, “that nothing could be a belief and be willed directly”. I argue that such a claim is only plausible if directed
against the claim that believing itself is an action-type. However, in the debate, the claim has been univocally directed
against the position that forming a belief is an action-type. I argue that the many arguments offered in favor of the ‘conceptual impossibility’ of performing
such actions fail without exception. If we are to argue against doxastic voluntarism we are better off by resorting to more
modest means.
相似文献
Nikolaj NottelmanEmail: |
17.
Giovanni Rossi Stefano Arteconi David Hales 《Computational & Mathematical Organization Theory》2009,15(2):95-108
Previous models have applied evolving networks based on node-level “copy and rewire” rules to simple two player games (e.g.
the Prisoner’s Dilemma). It was found that such models tended to evolve toward socially optimal behavior. Here we apply a
similar technique to a more tricky co-ordination game (the weakest link game) requiring interactions from several players
(nodes) that may play several strategies. We define a variant of the game with several equilibria—each offering increasing
social benefit. We found that the evolving network functions to select and spread more optimal equilibria while resisting
invasion by lower ones. Hence the network acts as a kind of “social ratchet” selecting for increasing social benefit. Such
networks have applications in peer-to-peer computing and may have implications for understanding social systems.
相似文献
David HalesEmail: |
18.
It has recently been argued that any epistemological theory that allows for what is called basic knowledge, viz., knowledge
that an agent acquires from a certain source, even if he fails to know that the source is reliable, falls victim to what is
known as the problem of easy knowledge. The idea is that for such theories bootstrapping and closure allow us far too easily
to acquire knowledge (justification) that seems unlikely under the envisaged circumstances. In this paper, I begin by highlighting
the distinction between the (epistemic) legitimacy and dialectical effectiveness of such inferences. After evaluating some
of the well-known solutions to this problem, I offer a mixed view of the legitimacy of easy knowledge inferences while trying
to provide novel explanations as to how contrary intuitions arise.
相似文献
Hamid VahidEmail: |
19.
Dennis Buede 《Computational & Mathematical Organization Theory》2009,15(1):11-18
This paper addresses the relative errors associated with simple versus realistic (or science-based) models. We take the perspective
of trying to predict what the model will predict as we begin to build the model. Any model building process can get the model
“wrong” to a greater or lesser extent by making a theoretical mistake in constructing the model. In addition, every model
needs data of some sort, whether it be obtained by experiments, surveys or expert judgment, and the data collection process
is filled with error sources. This paper suggests a hypothesis that
The paper provides evidence to support these statements and draws conclusions about what types of models to generate and when.
相似文献
1. | simple models have a larger variance in their predication of a result than do more realistic models (something most people intuitively agree to), and |
2. | more realistic models still have a significant probability of an error because the errors in the model building process will result in a probability distribution that ought to be bimodal, trimodal, or higher multimodal. |
Dennis BuedeEmail: |
20.
Steffen Borge 《Acta Analytica》2009,24(2):149-154
In this paper I argue against a criticism by Matthew Weiner to Grice’s thesis that cancellability is a necessary condition
for conversational implicature. I argue that the purported counterexamples fail because the supposed failed cancellation in
the cases Weiner presents is not meant as a cancellation but as a reinforcement of the implicature. I moreover point out that
there are special situations in which the supposed cancellation may really work as a cancellation.
相似文献
Steffen BorgeEmail: |