Diurnal Dynamics of the Kinetic Energy in the Atmospheric Boundary Layer Retrieved from Minisodar Measurements

Russian Physics Journal - Based on the results of postprocessing of minisodar measurements of three wind velocity components and their variances in the lower 200-meter layer of the atmosphere, the...     

Dynamics of the Kinetic Energy in the Atmospheric Boundary Layer from the Results of Minisodar Measurements

Russian Physics Journal - Based on acoustic remote measurements of vertical profiles of three wind velocity components in a 200-meter boundary layer of the atmosphere, values of the kinetic energy...     

Effect of Surface Roughness and Reynolds Number on Self-Similarity of Velocity Profile in the Atmospheric Boundary Layer

Self-similarity of power law velocity profile of a simulated atmospheric boundary layer is studied experimentally. The results demonstrate that the self-similarity maintains very well along the streamwise direction for the same rough surface but changes significantly with the surface roughness at the same position. The self-similarity of the vertical velocity profiles is affected by enhancement of the free stream velocity when the roughness concentration is relatively denser.     

Interdaily Variations of Three Wind Velocity Components Retrieved from Long-Term Continuous Minisodar Measurements in the ABL

Russian Physics Journal - Statistical analysis of results of long-term continuous 8-day measurements of three components of wind velocity vector with a minisodar in the atmospheric boundary layer...     

模拟的对流边界层大气闪烁频谱特性研究

边界层是地面与自由大气的过渡带,对人类活动有重要影响.由于边界层上部位置较高,进行精细结构观测很难.在室内对流水槽(150 cm×150 cm×60 cm)中模拟了大气对流边界层的发生发展.将准直光通过模拟对流边界层得到光斑图像数据,对光斑图像数据进行频谱分析.根据光在湍流介质中的传输理论确定无标度区间得到边界层各高度处的标度指数.研究表明,均匀下垫面标度指数在混合层基本在-8/3左右,接近各向同性湍流的理论值.而夹卷层的标度指数,实验初期严重偏离理论值,但在实验后期,由于对流剧烈也逐渐接近-8/3,此时夹卷层也趋于混合均匀.夹卷层平均标度指数与对流Richardson数存在一定的关系.标度指数廓线随高度的变化特点与同时刻的热通量廓线和归一化光强方差廓线有比较一致的对应关系.     

大气对流边界层光传输的实验室模似

利用湍流池模拟大气对流边界层的光传输 ,同时测量了到达角起伏和光路上的温度脉动。结果表明 ,在混合层的上部 ,对数温度谱偏陡 ,和大气中的观测结果一致 ,到达角起伏谱也偏陡 ,但到达角起伏谱曲线反映了湍流在小尺度范围内具有各向同性的特征 ,此时利用温度脉动方法得到的折射率结构常数小 ;当边界层顶部逆温层消失 ,发展为完全对流状态时 ,温度谱幂率等于“ - 5 3” ,到达角起伏谱幂率等于“ - 8 3” ,两种方法测量得到的折射率结构常数一致。     

大气边界层白天温度测量用转动拉曼激光雷达

设计了一个转动拉曼激光雷达系统,对大气边界层温度进行全天候高精度测量。系统选用波长355 nm的紫外激光作光源,采用高光谱分辨力光栅,将雷达接收到的散射信号以及太阳背景光从空间上分离,配合边缘反射镜,反射转动拉曼信号,去除大部分米氏-瑞利散射和太阳背景光噪声信号,并用两个窄带干涉滤光片,分离中心波长为353.9 nm和353.1 nm转动拉曼散射信号,同时对噪声信号进行2次高精度剔除,以保证白天测量的需要。对系统进行了分析及数值计算,结果表明在激光脉冲能量300 mJ,望远镜有效口径25 cm,测量时间10 min的条件下,可以在白天太阳背景光辐射度为3×108W/(m2.sr.nm)的边界层内测量高度2.5 km以下的大气温度分布,并在大气散射比低于2.5的条件下,温度测量精度可达到1 K。     

车载测污激光雷达对大气边界层气溶胶的斜程探测

利用自行研制的车载测污激光雷达系统 (AML 1)对大气边界层气溶胶进行了斜程探测 ,并给出了与之相应的数据处理方法。将该雷达相近时间内斜程测量与垂直测量的数据进行对比 ,结果表明此斜程探测及数据处理方法是合理可行的。文中列举了某斜程方向 (2 0°天顶角 )气溶胶随时间的演化图 ,以及某垂直剖面内气溶胶消光系数二维扫描图 ,这些典型结果很直观的反映了气溶胶时、空分布情况 ,对实现连续、实时、大范围污染监测有重要意义。     

Investigation of the Anode Boundary Layer of an Atmospheric Pressure Argon Arc

This paper is concerned with the thermodynamic state of the plasma in the anode region of a high intensity arc. Spectrometric studies of the boundary layer in front of a plane anode perpendicular to the axis of a wall-stablized, high-intensity arc in argon atmosphere indicate substantial deviations from LTE. Data taken at distances of 0.5 to 2 mm from the anode surface are evaluated with two different but not entirely independent non-equilibrium data reduction techniques in order to obtain radial distributions of electron temperature and electron density. The electron temperature distribution displays an off-axis peak which increases in magnitude with decreasing distance from the anode. Both electron temperatures and electron densities are considerably higher than the corresponding LTE values.     

Mie散射激光雷达研究大气边界层特性

基于Mie散射大气激光雷达,应用Klett算法对回波信号进行了反演,得到大气消光系数和后向散射系数。然后,通过对大气后向散射系数曲线进行拟合得到大气边界层混合层高度以及卷夹层厚度等特征参数。对比雷达实测数据与探空气球所测数据,证明二者存在较好相关性。基于实测数据讨论了四川盆地大气边界层特性对气候的影响。     

Lidar Probing of Raman Scattering by Hydrofluoride Molecules in an Atmospheric Boundary Layer

Journal of Applied Spectroscopy - The lidar equation for Raman scattering of light by hydrogen fluoride molecules is solved in order to select the laser wavelength and lidar parameters and to...     

激光云高仪对那曲地区大气边界层高度的探测分析

2014年7月至8月在第三次青藏高原大气科学试验的支持下,分析了夏季那曲地区大气边界层高度日变化特征.采用激光云高仪通过后向散射信号梯度法求得大气边界层高度,将云顶高度判定为边界层高度时,那曲地区对流边界层高度最高可达3800m,在夜间稳定边界层情况下,最低只有40m.采用无线电探空仪数据,利用位温梯度法、相对湿度梯度法求得大气边界层高度.利用云高仪与探空仪同步实验40天得到的有效数据,对后向散射信号梯度法与位温梯度法得到的大气边界层高度的相关性进行分析,相关系数达0.78,标准偏差为738.84m.对8组较为异常量据的再分析发现云高仪在晴空探测大气时信噪比存在一定的不足.对比早、晚测量结果可知,那曲地区大气边界层高度日变化大,是由于该地区地处内陆海拔较高,夏季日照辐射相对平原地区较强,对流和气温强烈的日变化引起大气层结日变化较大.     

台风外围环流对沿海地区大气边界层结构的影响研究

结合茂名外场观测数据以及气象要素再分析数据,对台风外围环流影响和局地海陆风环流(SLBC)影响下沿海地区的大气边界层(ABL)结构识别方法和特征规律展开研究.利用气象要素探空数据和微脉冲激光雷达(MPL)观测数据进行了大气边界层高度(BLH)识别方法的适用性分析,提出了一种新的基于微脉冲激光雷达的BLH识别方法,以有效提高复杂边界层结构情况下激光雷达识别BLH结果的准确性,进而分析了受大尺度和局地环流影响的ABL结构以及BLH的时空变化特征.结果 表明:沿海地区在没有大尺度天气系统的控制时,局地SLBC的影响较为显著,会使ABL出现多层复杂结构,BLH表现出波峰和波谷交替出现的日变化规律;BLH开始增长的时间一般出现在白天的陆风海风转换时刻,最大值一般出现在正午气溶胶层顶的位置,即2 km左右;BLH下降的时间通常伴随着夜间的海风-陆风转换,最小值一般出现在夜间残留层以下稳定边界层顶的位置,低至500 m左右.而台风外围环流控制下,局地SLBC引起的局地对流现象会被抑制,ABL昼夜交替的空气上升、下沉运动减弱甚至消失,整个ABL内气溶胶垂直分布较为均匀,BLH与气溶胶层顶基本重合,维持在2 km左右,BLH变化波动不大且没有比较明显的日变化规律.     

Raman Lidar Sensing of Saturated Hydrocarbon Molecules in the Atmospheric Boundary Layer. Numerical Modeling

Russian Physics Journal - The possibility of measuring the concentration of alkane molecules – methane, ethane, propane, butane, pentane, and hexane – at the maximum permissible...     

Influence of the Stability of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer on the Parameters of Propagating Acoustic Waves

Acoustical Physics - The study analyzes experimental data on amplitude–time parameters p+, p–, t+, t–, tR+, tR– of the first positive and negative phases of acoustic waves...     

模拟的对流边界层光学湍流的特征尺度分析

边界层作为地面与自由大气的过渡带对人类活动影响很大。边界层湍流结构尤其是夹卷层的湍流特征,是边界层研究的一个重要方面,这对于加深对边界层的认识以及研究边界层参数化具有十分重要的意义。由于边界层上部位置较高,难以进行精细结构观测。在室内对流水槽(150cm×150cm×60cm)中模拟了大气对流边界层的发生发展。将准直光通过模拟对流边界层得到光斑图像数据。利用改进协方差法对光斑图像进行功率谱分析,找出功率谱密度最大值所对应的频率即峰值频率,峰值频率对应的波长为涡的特征尺度。研究结果表明,在混合层,峰值波长较小,说明此处混合比较均匀,小尺度结构占主导地位。而夹卷层的峰值波长较大。夹卷层的平均峰值波长与对流Richardson数存在一定的关系,这种关系受下垫面类型以及对流状况的双重影响。     

Dynamics of a Boundary Layer in Nonlinear Total Internal Reflection Inside a Laser Resonator

Computer simulation of the processes occurring in a thin layer of absorbing liquid adjoining a transparent dielectric with internal reflection from the interface is carried out for the case where the reflector is incorporated into the resonator of a solid-state laser. It is shown that the process of heating the liquid layer near the wall is essentially nonadiabatic. The sharp increase in the pressure of the liquid in the period of maximal heating leads to a situation where the temperatures of switching on and switching off of the total internal reflection at the interface become substantially different. The difference becomes smaller with decrease in the liquid-layer thickness due to a more efficient heat removal, which displays itself as a change in the character of single-pulse laser generation. Periodic emission of nanosecond pulses in the liquid layer in a quasistationary lasing regime is found, whose characteristic feature is stabilization of the liquid-layer temperature.