以3-硝基邻苯二甲酸根构建的环状双核Zn（Ⅱ）, Cd（Ⅱ）配合物的合成及晶体结构

以3-硝基邻苯二甲酸和咪唑及2,2’-联吡啶为配体构筑了2种配合物[Zn₂（npa）₂（Im）₄]（1）和[Cd₂（npa）₂（2,2’-bipy）₂（H₂O）₂]·2H₂O（2）（npa^2-=3-硝基邻苯二甲酸根,Im=咪唑,2,2’-bipy=2,2’-联吡啶）。用元素分析、红外光谱对其进行了表征,并用单晶X-射线衍射测定了配合物的晶体结构;测定了配合物1和2的热稳定性。2个配合物均为双核分子,具有M₂C₈O₄十四元大环结构。配合物1的双核单元通过分子间氢键形成3D网络结构,配合物2的双核单元通过分子间氢键和π-π堆积形成2D层状结构。     

离子型嘧啶铱(Ⅲ)配合物的合成、晶体结构及发光性能

以嘧啶类化合物为环金属配体,2,2''-联吡啶为副配体成功制备了4种离子型环金属铱配合物：[（PPM）₂Ir （bpy）]PF₆（1）,[（MPPM）₂Ir （bpy）]PF₆（2）,[（DFPPM）₂Ir （bpy）]PF₆（3）,[（MDFPPM）₂Ir （bpy）]PF₆（4）（PPM=2-苯基嘧啶,MPPM=4,6-二甲基-2-苯基嘧啶,DFPPM=2-（2,4-二氟苯基）嘧啶,MDFPPM=4,6-二甲基-2-（2,4-二氟苯基）嘧啶,bpy=2,2''-联吡啶）。配合物的结构通过质谱、核磁进行了表征,测试了配合物4的单晶结构。通过紫外-可见（UV-Vis）吸收光谱、荧光光谱和含时密度泛函理论（TD-DFT）对其光物理性能进行了研究。结果表明：4的晶体的空间构型为单斜,空间群为P2₁/c;3和4的最高占据轨道（HOMO）主要定域于金属Ir （Ⅲ）和环金属配体的苯环上,最低未占有轨道（LUMO）主要定域于副配体bpy上;配合物在溶液状态下为绿光发射,波长在513~561 nm之间,量子效率在6.7%~64.0%之间。     

含有席夫碱配体的钌配合物的合成、表征及抗肿瘤活性

设计并合成了3个含有席夫碱基团的配体（BLⁿ,n=1~3）及相应的双核联吡啶钌配合物[Ru （BLⁿ）（bpy）₂]₂（ClO₄）₄,其中bpy=2,2''-联吡啶,BLⁿ=（（PyCHN）-Ph-O-C₆H₄）₂R （PyCHN=N-2-吡啶亚甲基,R=none （Ru1）,—C （CH₃）₂（Ru2）,—SO₂（Ru3））。通过元素分析、核磁氢谱、红外光谱、质谱等方法对配体和配合物进行了表征。通过体外细胞毒性实验研究了Ru1~Ru3对宫颈癌细胞（Hela）、胃癌细胞（BGC823）、胃癌细胞（SGC-7901）三种肿瘤细胞和人正常胚肺成纤维细胞MRC-5的细胞毒性,实验结果表明Ru3的抗肿瘤活性最好,而Ru1~Ru3均对BGC823具有选择性。     

三个单核钌配合物的合成、表征及抗肿瘤活性

对3种单核钌配合物[Ru（bpy）₂（paH）]PF₆（1）, [Ru（dmb）₂（paH）]PF₆（2）, [Ru（phen）₂（paH）]PF₆（3） （bpy=2,2''-联吡啶, dmb=4,4''-二甲基-2,2''-联吡啶, phen=菲咯啉, paH=2-吡啶甲酸）进行合成,并通过元素分析、红外、核磁和电喷雾质谱对其进行表征。此外,对配合物进行了光谱学和电化学测试,电化学实验表明1~3在0.7~1.0 V范围内均有1个氧化还原峰,说明钌中心发生了氧化还原反应。最后通过MTT法（MTT为3-（4, 5-二甲基噻唑-2）-2,5-二苯基四氮唑溴盐）对配合物进行了体外细胞毒性实验,结果表明：1~3对人乳腺癌细胞、胃癌细胞和肺癌细胞都表现出浓度依赖性,即随着配合物浓度的逐渐增大,细胞的存活率逐渐降低。值得注意的是2对乳腺癌细胞表现出非常明显的抑制作用（IC₅₀=2.85 μmol·L^-1）。     

三个单核钌配合物的合成、表征及抗肿瘤活性

对3种单核钌配合物[Ru（bpy）₂（paH）]PF₆（1）,[Ru（dmb）₂（paH）]PF₆（2）,[Ru（phen）₂（paH）]PF₆（3）（bpy=2,2''-联吡啶,dmb=4,4''-二甲基-2,2''-联吡啶,phen=菲咯啉,paH=2-吡啶甲酸）进行合成,并通过元素分析、红外、核磁和电喷雾质谱对其进行表征。此外,对配合物进行了光谱学和电化学测试,电化学实验表明1~3在0.7~1.0 V范围内均有1个氧化还原峰,说明钌中心发生了氧化还原反应。最后通过MTT法（MTT为3-（4,5-二甲基噻唑-2）-2,5-二苯基四氮唑溴盐）对配合物进行了体外细胞毒性实验,结果表明：1~3对人乳腺癌细胞、胃癌细胞和肺癌细胞都表现出浓度依赖性,即随着配合物浓度的逐渐增大,细胞的存活率逐渐降低。值得注意的是2对乳腺癌细胞表现出非常明显的抑制作用（IC₅₀=2.85μmol·L^-1）。     

两个2-取代-4,6-二吡啶基-1,3,5-三嗪桥联的双核钌配合物的晶体结构、光谱和电化学性质

合成并表征了2个基于2-取代-4,6-二吡啶基-1,3,5-三嗪的双核钌配合物,[Ru₂（OBPT）（bpy）₄]（PF₆）₃·3H₂O·0.5CH₃CH₂OH（1）和[Ru₂（HABPT）（bpy）₄]（PF₆）₄·0.5H₂O（2）,其中bpy=2,2''-联吡啶,HOBPT=2-羟基-4,6-（2-吡啶基）-1,3,5-三嗪,HABPT=2-氨基-4,6-（2-吡啶基）-1,3,5-三嗪。分析了2个配合物的单晶结构,其中,1是单斜晶系C2/c空间群,属于外消旋-（ΔΔ）型;2属于正交晶系Pca2₁空间群,属于内消旋-（ΔΛ）型。单晶结构表明1中的配体HOBPT是脱质子的,而2中的HABPT没有脱质子。2个配合物的电化学和光谱性质呈现明显的不同,所有数据均表明配合物中2个金属中心间存在电子耦合。     

基于二甲基苯并联咪唑的钌(Ⅱ)多吡啶配合物的合成、光谱和电化学性质

合成了一组钌多吡啶化合物[Ru（bpy）₂（DMBbimH_x）]^y+（bpy=2,2''-联吡啶,DMBbimH₂=7,7''-二甲基-2,2''-苯并联咪唑,1-A：x=2;y=2;1-B：x=1,y=1;1-C：x=0,y=0）并测试了它们的核磁氢谱、紫外吸收和电化学性质。随着DMBbimH_x配体逐个脱去质子,配合物的光谱和电化学性质发生明显的变化。有趣的是,脱去一个质子的配合物1-B在不同极性的二氯甲烷和乙腈中的电化学性质呈现明显的差异：在二氯甲烷中,单核的1-B却能发生两步氧化,这是因为在弱极性的溶剂中,[Ru（bpy）₂（DMBbimH）]⁺阳离子通过氢键结合形成二聚体,[Ru（bpy）₂（DMBbimH）]⁺阳离子间存在质子耦合电子传递现象。在1-B的二氯甲烷溶液中得到了化合物[Ru（bpy）₂（DMBbimH）]PF₆·2CH₂Cl₂（2）的单晶。晶体结构分析表明[Ru（bpy）₂（DMBbimH）]⁺阳离子确实通过氢键结合形成二聚体,这与电化学测试的结果一致。而在极性较大的乙腈中,氢键二聚体不能稳定存在,在循环伏安曲线上只有一个峰存在。     

含4, 4’-联吡啶桥联的阳离子链和嘌呤-羧酸根抗衡阴离子的一维FeⅡ和CoⅡ聚合物, 及由混合羧酸根配体构筑的二维EuⅢ聚合物的合成与表征

通过2’,3’-双脱氧肌苷和氯乙酸反应,得到1个多功能配体2-（6-oxo-6,9-dihydro-1H-purin-1-yl）aceticacid（HL）。该配体与其它附加配体一起与相应的金属盐反应,分别得到3个配位聚合物{[Fe（4,4’-bpy）（H₂O）₄]（L’）₂}_n（1）,{[Co（4,4’-bpy）（H₂O）₄]（L’）₂}_n（2）和{[Eu（ox）_0.5（su）（H₂O）₂]·H₂O}_n（3;4,4’-bpy=4,4’-二联吡啶,ox=草酸盐,su=琥珀酸盐,L’=L的互变异构体2-（6-oxo-6,7-dihydro-1H-purin-1-yl）acetate]。3个配合物均为单斜晶系C2/c空间群。配合物1和2为异质同构体,是由4,4’-二联吡啶桥联金属离子形成的一维链状结构,配合物3是由混合羧酸根构筑的二维框架结构。在配合物1和2中,脱质子的配体HL没有与金属离子配位,而是以互变异构体L’并通过氢键结合成二聚阴离子对[（L’）]₂作为抗衡离子存在于配合物中。在配合物3中,配体HL分解为草酸根,2个Eu^Ⅲ被草酸根连接成二聚单元,这个二聚单元又被琥珀酸根连接成二维聚合物。另外还对配合物1和2的红外光谱、热分解性质以及配合物3的荧光性质进行了分析研究。     

两个3-氧乙酸基苯丙烯酸构筑的Cd（Ⅱ）配合物的合成、晶体结构和荧光性质

用水热法合成得到2个Cd（Ⅱ）配合物,[Cd（L）（4,4’-bipy）_0.5（H₂O）₂]_n（1）和[Cd（L）（bpp）（H₂O）]_n·2nH₂O（2）（L=3-氧乙酸基苯丙烯酸,4,4’-bipy=4,4’-联吡啶,bpp=1,3-二吡啶基丙烷）,并测定了他们的晶体结构。结构分析表明,在配合物1中,L配体连接Cd（Ⅱ）中心形成一维[CdL]_n链,4,4’-联吡啶配体进一步桥联形成二维层状结构;配合物2是一个二重穿插的二维层状结构。此外,对配合物的荧光性能测试表明,它们在绿光区域有荧光发射。     

2，2’-二硫代二苯甲酸、2，2’-二羧苯基硫醚及含氮配体构筑的2个配合物的合成、结构与热稳定性研究

使用2,2’-二硫代二苯甲酸和2,2’-联吡啶（2,2’-bipy）、硝酸铜在水热条件下发生的原位反应合成了一个铜配合物,即[Cu₂（C₁₄H₈O₄S）₂（C₁₀H₈N₂）₂]（1）（C₁₄H₈O₄S=2,2’-二羧苯基硫醚,C₁₀H₈N₂=2,2’-联吡啶）;然后又利用2,2’-二硫代二苯甲酸和菲咯啉（phen）、氯化钙在水溶液中合成了一个钙配合物,即{[Ca（C₁₄H₈O₄S₂）（C₁₂H₈N₂）₂]·（H₂O）₂}_n（2）（C₁₄H₈O₄S=2,2’-二硫代二苯甲酸根,C₁₂H₈N₂=菲咯啉）,并对它们分别进行了元素分析、红外光谱、热稳定性、X射线粉末衍射和X射线单晶衍射的表征。结果表明：配合物1由2,2’-二羧苯基硫醚配体连接形成了一个双核的化合物,通过氢键和氮杂环之间的π…π作用形成三维超分子网络结构。配合物2由二硫代二苯甲酸配体桥联形成了一个一维链状结构,通过氢键和氮杂环之间的π…π作用也形成三维超分子网络结构。并且,对这2个配合物的热稳定性分别进行了研究。     

Li_(1.3)Ti_(1.7)Al_(0.3)(PO_4)_3,Na_(1.3)Ti_(1.7)Al_(0.3)(PO_4)_3的离子交换研究

研究了在不同温度下的NaNO3和AgNO3水溶液中Li1.3Ti1.7Al0.3(PO4)3和Na1.3Ti1.7Al0.3(PO4)3离子交换行为.实验表明Li1.3Ti1.7Al0.3(PO4)3和Na1.3Ti1.7Al0.3(PO4)3均显示出了高选择性与Na+和Ag+进行离子交换的特征,且对Ag+的选择性高于Na+.升高温度可显著提高Ag/Li和Ag/Na的交换反应速度.     

Crystal growth, structure determination, and optical properties of new potassium-rare-earth silicates K3RESi2O7 (RE=Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu)

Single crystals of K₃RESi₂O₇ (RE=Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu) were grown from a potassium fluoride flux. Two different structure types were found for this series. Silicates containing the larger rare earths, RE=Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb crystallize in a structure K₃RESi₂O₇ that contains the rare-earth cation in both a slightly distorted octahedral and an ideal trigonal prismatic coordination environment, while in K₃LuSi₂O₇, containing the smallest of the rare earths, lutetium is found solely in an octahedral coordination environment. The structure of K₃LuSi₂O₇ crystallizes in space group P6₃/mmc with a=5.71160(10) Å and c=13.8883(6) Å. The structures containing the remaining rare earths crystallize in the space group P6₃/mcm with the lattice parameters of a=9.9359(2) Å, c=14.4295(4) Å, (K₃GdSi₂O₇); a=9.88730(10) Å, c=14.3856(3) Å, (K₃TbSi₂O₇); a=9.8673(2) Å, c=14.3572(4) Å, (K₃DySi₂O₇); a=9.8408(3) Å, c=14.3206(6) Å, (K₃HoSi₂O₇); a=9.82120(10) Å, c=14.2986(2) Å, (K₃ErSi₂O₇); a=9.80200(10) Å, c=14.2863(4) Å, (K₃TmSi₂O₇); a=9.78190(10) Å, c=14.2401(3) Å, (K₃YbSi₂O₇). The optical properties of the silicates were investigated and K₃TbSi₂O₇ was found to fluoresce in the visible.     

The crystal chemistry of Bi6TP2O15+x, T=Fe, Ni, Zn: Isomorphism and polymorphism, structural relationship to Bi6TiP2O16

The crystal structures of compounds with nominal compositions Bi₆FeP₂O_15+x (I), Bi₆NiP₂O_15+x (II) and Bi₆ZnP₂O_15+x (III) were determined from single-crystal X-ray diffraction data. They are monoclinic, space group I2, Z=2. The lattice parameters for (I) are a=11.2644(7), b=5.4380(3), c=11.1440(5) Å, β=96.154(4)°; for (II) a=11.259(7), b=5.461(4), c=11.109(7) Å, β=96.65(1)°; for (III) a=19.7271(5), b=5.4376(2), c=16.9730(6) Å, β=131.932(1)°. Least squares refinements on F² converged for (I) to R1=0.0554, wR₂=0.1408; for (II) R₁=0.0647, wR₂=0.1697; for (III) R₁=0.0385, wR₂=0.1023. The crystals are complexly twinned by 2-fold rotation about , by inversion and by mirror reflection. The structures consist of edge-sharing articulations of OBi₄ tetrahedra forming layers in the a-c plane that then continue by edge-sharing parallel to the b-axis. The three-dimensional networks are bridged by Fe and Ni octahedra in (I) and (II) and by Zn trigonal bipyramids in (III) as well as by oxygen atoms of the PO₄ moieties. Bi also randomly occupies the octahedral sites. Oxygen vacancies exist in the structures of the three compounds due to required charge balances and they occur in the octahedral coordination polyhedron of the transition metal. In compound (III), no positional disorder in atomic sites is present. The Bi-O coordination polyhedra are trigonal prisms with one, two or three faces capped. Magnetic susceptibility data for compound (I) were obtained between 4.2 and 350 K. Between 4.2 and 250 K it is paramagnetic, μ_eff=6.1 μ_B; a magnetic transition occurs above 250 K.     

Near infrared study of aqueous rare-earth ethylsulfates

The near infrared spectra of aqueous solutions of the ethylsulfates of La, Nd, Gd, Tb, Er, Yb, Lu, Y, and Na have been determined from about 0.2 mol-dm^–3 to nearly saturation. The extinction coefficients of water have been calculated taking into account the absorption of ethylslfate anions determined in separate experiments. Their values appeared to be nearly the same as that of pure water. The relative contents of free OH groups in 0.5 and 0.7M solutions have been estimated from the absorbances at 1160 nm. They were lower in solutions of the heavy rare-earth ethylsulfates (Tb, Er, Yb, Lu) than in equimolar solutions of the lighter ones (La, Nd), confirming our previous view that secondary hydration of the heavy trivalent rare-earth cations is distinctly stronger than that of the lighter ones. A comparison of the spectra of these aqueous ethylsulfates with those of perchlorates shows that the structure-breaking ability of the C₂H₅SO ₄ ^– ion is much smaller than that of perchlorate anion.     

电感耦合等离子体光谱法(ICP-AES)测定银精矿中铜、铅、锌、砷、镉、钙、镁、锰含量

针对银精矿样品复杂,难消解的特点,研究了不同酸溶法和碱熔法对样品的消解情况,建立了硝酸,盐酸,氢氟酸,高氯酸消解银精矿的方法。根据元素灵敏度和抗干扰性,选定各元素的测定波长。通过酸溶样和碱熔样测定结果比对,验证了方法准确性。建立了四酸消解-电感耦合等离子体光谱法测定银精矿中铜、铅、锌、砷、镉、钙、镁、锰含量的方法,元素的线性相关系数均在0.9999以上。通过共存元素干扰实验,确定了银精矿中高含量元素(铜、铅、锌、铁、锑、铋等)对测定元素结果没有影响。方法检出限：Cu 0.0063 mg/L, Pb 0.0159 mg/L ,Zn 0.0090 mg/L,As 0.0192 mg/L, Cd 0.0093 mg/L ,Ca 0.0084 mg/L, Mg 0.0075 mg/L, Mn 0.0081 mg/L。测定下限：Cu 0.0105mg/L,Pb 0.0265 mg/L, Zn 0.0150 mg/L, As 0.0320 mg/L, Cd 0.0155 mg/L, Ca 0.0140 mg/L, Mg 0.0125 mg/L,Mn 0.0135 mg/L。3个样品的相对标准偏差在0.87%~3.56%之间,加标回收率在95.00%~103.56%之间。方法流程短,操作简单,快速,灵敏度和再现性高,结果准确可靠,可以满足银精矿中铜、铅、锌、砷、镉、钙、镁、锰含量的测定。     

Structural studies of five layer Aurivillius oxides: A2Bi4Ti5O18 (A=Ca, Sr, Ba and Pb)

The room temperature structures of the five layer Aurivillius phases A₂Bi₄Ti₅O₁₈ (A=Ca, Sr, Ba and Pb) have been refined from powder neutron diffraction data using the Rietveld method. The structures consist of [Bi₂O₂]²⁺ layers interleaved with perovskite-like [A₂Bi₂Ti₅O₁₆]²⁻ blocks. The structures were refined in the orthorhombic space group B2eb (SG. No. 41), Z=4, and the unit cell parameters of the oxides are a=5.4251(2), b=5.4034(1), c=48.486(1); a=5.4650(2), b=5.4625(3), c=48.852(1); a=5.4988(3), b=5.4980(4), c=50.352(1); a=5.4701(2), b=5.4577(2), c=49.643(1) for A=Ca, Sr, Ba and Pb, respectively. The structural features of the compounds were found similar to n=2-4 layers bismuth oxides. The strain caused by mismatch of cell parameter requirements for the [Bi₂O₂]²⁺ layers and perovskite-like [A₂Bi₂Ti₅O₁₆]²⁻ blocks were relieved by tilting of the TiO₆ octahedra. Variable temperature synchrotron X-ray studies for Ca and Pb compounds showed that the orthorhombic structure persisted up to 675 and 475 K, respectively. Raman spectra of the compounds are also presented.     

B2O3-Bi2O3-ZnO-Al2O3玻璃助烧剂对BaTiO3陶瓷烧结条件、晶体结构和介电性能的影响

通过调节B₂O₃-Bi₂O₃-ZnO-Al₂O₃(BBZA)玻璃的添加量研究其对钛酸钡(BaTiO₃)陶瓷烧结条件、晶体结构和介电性能的影响。结果表明：添加适量的BBZA玻璃能够有效地将BaTiO₃陶瓷烧结温度由1 350℃降至950℃,并使其致密化。同时,添加BBZA玻璃后,BaTiO₃的晶体结构随着烧结温度的升高而发生转变(立方相→四方相)。另外,BBZA玻璃的引入使BaTiO₃陶瓷的居里峰得到了有效的抑制和拓宽。陶瓷微观形貌显示,玻璃相均匀分布在BaTiO₃晶粒表面。优化的BaTiO₃陶瓷制备条件如下：BBZA添加量(质量分数)为2.0%,烧结温度为950℃。在该条件下制备的BaTiO₃陶瓷介电常数达到1 364,介电损耗低至1.2%。     

Preparation of ZrO2-TiO2-CeO2 and Its Application in the Selective Catalytic Reduction of NO with NH3

TiO₂,ZrO₂-TiO₂,andZrO₂-TiO₂-CeO₂ were prepared by co-precipitation method and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), specific surface area measurements (BET), temperature programmed desorption (NH₃-TPD), oxygen storage capacity (OSC), and temperature programmed reduction (H₂-TPR). The results showed that ZrO₂-TiO₂-CeO₂ exhibited large number of surface strong acid, possessed some oxygen storage capacity, and strong redox property. The three materials were used as supports and the monolith catalysts were prepared with 1% (w) V₂O₅ and 9% (w)WO₃ for selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NO with ammonia in the presence of excessive O₂, and the results of catalytic activity showed that the catalyst used ZrO₂-TiO₂-CeO₂ as support yielded nearly 100% NO conversion at 275 °C at a gas hourly space velocity (GHSV) of 10000 h⁻¹, and it had the best catalytic activity and showed great potential for practical application.     

The Phase Relations in the System In2O3–TiO2–MgO at 1100 and 1350°C

The phase relations in the system In₂O₃–TiO₂–MgO at 1100 and 1350°C are determined by a classical quenching method. In this system, there are four pseudobinary compounds, In₂TiO₅, MgTi₂O₅ (pseudobrookite type), MgTiO₃ (ilmenite type), and Mg₂TiO₄ (spinel type) at 1100°C. At 1350°C, in addition to these compounds there exist a spinel-type solid solution Mg_2−xIn_2xTi_1−xO₄ (0≤x≤1) and a compound In₆Ti₆MgO₂₂ with lattice constants a=5.9236(7) Å, b=3.3862(4) Å, c=6.3609(7) Å, β=108.15(1)°, and q=0.369, which is isostructural with the monoclinic In₃Ti₂FeO₁₀ in the system In₂O₃–TiO₂–MgO. The relation between the lattice constants of the spinel phase and the composition nearly satisfies Vegard's law. In₆Ti₆MgO₂₂ extends a solid solution range to In₂₀Ti₁₇Mg₃O₆₇ with lattice constants of a=5.9230(5) Å, b=3.3823(3) Å, c=6.3698(6) Å, β=108.10(5)°, and q=0.360. The distributions of constituent cations in the solid solutions are discussed in terms of their ionic radius and site preference effect.     

Microstructures of Some Bi-W-Nb-O Phases

Microstructures of three Bi-W-Nb-O phases have been examined by using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. Bi₁₇W₂Nb₃O₃₉ and Bi₁₇WNb₃O₃₆ have incommensurate superstructures derived from the defect fluorite-type δ-Bi₂O₃ and can be regarded as intermediate phases between the type II solid solutions in the Bi-Nb-O and Bi-W-O systems. Bi₈W₂Nb₂O₂₃ has a Bi₂WO₆-like subunit cell with a stepped superstructure. Formation mechanisms of various superstructures are discussed.