新型原子滤光器

原子滤光器是基于原子的吸收、发射和内部能量转换的物理过程的一种量子滤光器件，与干涉滤光片（包括薄膜的、偏振的等）和双折射滤光片相比，原子滤光器具有大的接收角，更窄的带宽和更高的滤光效率等特点，文章简要介绍了近年来新型原子滤光器研究的新进展和它们的应用，以及一些原子滤光方案和物理特性的研究。     

87Rb-Ar光谱灯光谱特性和滤光效果研究

通过超精细光谱测量,研究灯泡和滤光泡均充入氩气情形下,铷光谱灯的光谱特性和同位素滤光效果.研究结果表明,充氩气的铷光谱灯谱线轮廓存在一定程度的变形,为了减轻这种变形,谱灯的工作温度应适当降低.此外,滤光泡气压、长度和工作温度对滤光效果有显著影响.根据研究结果,优化了谱灯和滤光泡的设计参数和工作参数.将优化后的铷光谱灯和滤光泡用于铷原子频标,显著改善了短期频率稳定度.     

空间双折射干涉滤光器的主动补偿研究

 空间太阳望远镜中的双折射干涉滤光器对于温度的变化十分敏感,传统的滤光器在空间环境中很难做到高精度的温度控制。改进传统滤光器的结构,在每一单级中加入LCVR(液晶位相延迟器),通过LCVR主动引入的附加位相延迟补偿由于温度波动引起的晶体位相延迟,可使滤光器透过率峰值波长始终保持稳定。以Lyot滤光器为研究对象,通过理论计算和模拟分析证明了该方法的可行性。该方法应用到空间双折射干涉滤光器可以使滤光器在卫星制造部门提供的环境温度下不使用任何温控系统依然正常使用,成功解决了空间双折射干涉滤光器温控精度的问题。由于摒弃了传统的两级温控装置,有效减小了滤光器的体积,减轻了滤光器的质量,使其更符合空间有效载荷的使用要求。     

Rb谱灯的同位素滤光

用扫描式Fabry-Perot平涉仪测量了经内充缓冲气体的Rb~(85)滤光泡滤光后的Rb~(87)D_1线谱线轮廓,考察了不同的缓冲气体种类和压力、滤光泡长度及Rb~(87)谱灯光强对滤光效果的影响,指出在Rb~(85)滤光泡内充以适当的混合气体,可以增强滤光效果,从而提高光抽运汽泡型Rb频标性能。     

采用级联原子滤光器的新型卫星激光链路系统研究

提出级联佛克脱型原子滤光器(Linked VADOF)的新构想。从理论上分析并计算了级联佛克脱型原子滤光器的透射谱。结果表明，级联佛克脱型原子滤光器将佛克脱型原子滤光器的多峰改造为单峰结构，具有比佛克脱型原子滤光器更窄的线宽和更高的噪声抑制比。将这种新型结构应用于激光信标锁频。该锁频方案提高了信标光频率的稳定性。在此基础上，给出了发射端采用级联佛克脱型原子滤光器锁频，接收端采用法拉第型原子滤光器(FADOF)滤光的新型卫星激光链路系统。外场初步联调实验表明了该系统的可行性。     

佛克脱反常色散原子滤光器工作机理研究

对佛克脱（Voigt)型反常色散原子滤光器的工作机理和各种性能进行讨论,该种滤光器的实现研究表明理论与实验结果符合得好。滤光器在外加磁场为0．02T、汽室温度为110℃的单峰带宽为0．8GHz,比相同条件下的法拉第型反常色散原子滤光器小0．5Hz,并且工程化实现比法拉第型反常色散原子滤光器容易。佛克脱型反常色散原子滤光器在卫星光通信领域有潜在的极大应用前景。     

一维光子晶体在热光伏技术中的应用

将光子晶体的禁带特性应用于热光伏技术的光谱选择控制.针对锑化镓(GaSb)热光伏电池,采用硅(Si)和二氧化硅(SiO2)优化设计了一维光子晶体滤光器.研究了这种滤光器的光谱特性,分析了滤光器的介质层厚度偏差、周期以及热辐射能量入射角度对滤光器光谱特性的影响,研究了高温辐射体不同温度时这种滤光器的光谱效率.     

多条太阳光球FeⅠ线在多通道滤光器太阳磁场望远镜磁场观测中的纵场定标(Ⅱ)

本文继(Ⅰ)文之后分析了六条多通道滤光器太阳磁场望远镜所用谱线在通过五种不同带宽滤光器后形成深度的变化规律,计算了距线心确定点处相对于最窄和最宽滤光器带宽的形成深度的均方差,从而总结出了所计算的正常及反常Zeeman线形成深度在通过不同带宽滤光器后的总体特征。 而通过计算在适当范围内,距线心各点处stokes参量V对磁场的反响,则确定出了对应于各谱线滤光器放置的最佳位置。再比较最佳位置上对应于最宽和最窄滤光器带宽的灵敏度确定出了最佳滤光器带宽。     

法拉第反常色散滤光器透射谱的普遍计算方法

报道了一种计算法拉第反常色散滤光器（ＦＡＤＯＦ）透射谱的普遍方法,该方法可计算不同碱金属元素工作在任意电偶极跃迁和任意磁场强度下的法拉第反常色散滤光器透射谱,对主动式和被动式法拉第反常色散滤光器同样适用,该方法还可进一步推广到其它类型的原子滤光器（如斯塔克型原子滤光器）的计算,给出了采用这种方法对铷主动式７７５．９ｎｍ法拉第反常色散滤光器透射谱的计算结果,与实验曲线符合较好。     

掺C60及黑胶司机防强光眼镜的研究

1引言 滤光膜分为有机滤光膜和无机滤光膜两种.无机滤光膜是在玻璃或有机材料表面蒸镀某些无机材料而成,它的缺点是镀膜表面易受损,而且镀膜形状不好控制.目前市面上的一些司机防强光眼镜,能防强光,但也使司机观察前方路面亮度降低.有机滤光膜是将某些有机染料混合于一定的有机溶液中,经一定工艺后制得,如明胶滤光片.这种滤光片较脆、易吸潮、长时间暴光后易褪色.作为司机防强光滤光膜,要求厚度薄,可见光波段滤光范围宽,膜的强度高,易于加工,化学性能稳定且防水性能好.     

Study on the radiation problem caused by electron beam loss in accelerator tubes

The beam dynamic code PARMELA was used to simulate the transportation process of accelerating electrons in S-band SW linacs with different energies of 2.5, 6 and 20 MeV. The results indicated that in the ideal condition, the percentage of electron beam loss was 50% in accelerator tubes. Also we calculated the spectrum, the location and angular distribution of the lost electrons. Calculation performed by Monte Carlo code MCNP demonstrated that the radiation distribution of lost electrons was nearly uniform along the tube axis, the angular distributions of the radiation dose rates of the three tubes were similar, and the highest leaking dose was at the angle of 160° with respect to the axis. The lower the energy of the accelerator, the higher the radiation relative leakage. For the 2.5 MeV accelerator, the maximum dose rate reached 5% of the main dose and the one on the head of the electron gun was 1%, both of which did not meet the eligible protection requirement for accelerators. We adopted different shielding designs for different accelerators. The simulated result showed that the shielded radiation leaking dose rates fulfilled the requirement.     

Fiber Modal Index Measurements Based on Fiber Gratings

A novel method based on fiber gratings for measuring the effective indices of fiber modes is proposed. The effective index difference between the core mode and a cladding mode was obtained by analyzing the interference fringe of a pair of cascaded long-period fiber gratings. In order to extract the core mode index from the measured index difference, an index matching oil immersion method is proposed. By analyzing the interaction between the cladding mode and the oil applied on the cladding surface, the mode order and the effective index of the involved cladding mode might be calculated. Experimental results about the interference fringe shifts induced by the oil index and the oil-applied length are also presented.     

Modification to first-order Born approximation for improved prediction of scattered sound from weakly scattering objects

When deriving the Fourier diffraction theorem based on the first-order Born approximation,the difference between wave number of the scattering object and that of the surrounding medium is ignored,causing substantial errors in sound scattering prediction.This paper modifies the Born approximation by taking into account the amplitude and phase changes between the scattering object and the water due to the wave number difference.By changing the radius and center position of the sampling circle in the Fourier domain,accuracy of the predicted sound scattering is improved.With the modified Born approximation,the computed far-field directional pattern of the scattered sound from a circular cylinder is in good agreement with the rigorous solution.Numerical calculations for several objects with different shapes are used to show applicability and effectiveness of the proposed method.     

Collective effects for long bunches in dual harmonic RF systems

The storage of long bunches for large time intervals needs flattened stationary buckets with a large bucket height.Collective effects from the space charge and resistive impedance are studied by looking at the incoherent particle motion for the matched and mismatched bunches.Increasing the RF amplitude with particle number provides r.m.s wise matching for modest intensities.The incoherent motion of large amplitude particles depends on the details of the RF system.The resulting debunching process is a combination of the too small full RF acceptance together with the mismatch,enhanced by the collective effects.Irregular single particle motion is not associated with the coherent dipole instability.For the stationary phase space distribution of the Hofmann-Pedersen approach and for the dual harmonic RF system,stability limits are presented,which are too low if using realistic input distributions.For single and dual harmonic RF system with d＝0.31,the tracking results are shown for intensities,by a factor of 3 above the threshold values.Small resistive impedances lead to coherent oscillations around the equilibrium phase value,as energy loss by resistive impedance is compensated by the energy gain of the RF system.     

Influences of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold of Ta2O5 films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition.The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the films are investigated.The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity(EFI)distribution,microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly.Annealing iS effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films.Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT.Moreover,the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing.     

AEGIS-K code for linear kinetic analysis of toroidally axisymmetric plasma stability

A linear kinetic stability code for tokamak plasmas: AEGIS-K (Adaptive EiGenfunction Independent Solutions-Kinetic), is described. The AEGIS-K code is based on the newly developed gyrokinetic theory [L.J. Zheng, M.T. Kotschenreuther, J.W. Van Dam, Phys. Plasmas 14 (2007) 072505]. The success in recovering the ideal magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) from this newly developed gyrokinetic theory in the proper limit leads the AEGIS-K code to be featured by being fully kinetic in essence but hybrid in appearance. The radial adaptive shooting scheme based on the method of the independent solution decomposition in the MHD AEGIS code [L.J. Zheng, M.T. Kotschenreuther, J. Comp. Phys. 211 (2006) 748] is extended to the kinetic calculation. A numerical method is developed to solve the gyrokinetic equation of lowest order for the response to the independent solutions of the electromagnetic perturbations, with the quasineutrality condition taken into account. A transform method is implemented to allow the pre-computed Z-function (i.e., the plasma dispersion function) to be used to reduce the integration dimension in the moment calculation and to assure the numerical accuracy in determining the wave–particle resonance effects. Periodic boundary condition along the whole banana orbit is introduced to treat the trapped particles, in contrast to the usual reflection symmetry conditions at the banana tips. Due to the adaptive feature, the AEGIS-K code is able to resolve the coupling between the kinetic resonances and the shear Alfvén continuum damping. Application of the AEGIS-K code to compute the resistive wall modes in ITER is discussed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.     

Analysis of Laser-generated Rayleigh wave on viscoelastic materials

In order to understand the viscoelasticity of material, this research has been conducted to study the propagation characteristics of viscoelastic Rayleigh wave theoretically. A model is presented for the pulsed laser generation of ultrasound on viscoelastic medium surface. Referred to the Kelvin model, the frequency equation and the normal displacement of viscoelastic Rayleigh wave were derived, the influence of the viscoelastic modulus on dispersion and attenuation was discussed. From the theoretical calculation, it is shown that the effect of viscoelasticity on the attenuation of Rayleigh wave is more than that on its dispersion. In the case of a weak viscosity, the attenuation of viscoelastic Rayleigh wave is directly proportional to viscosity modulus; the effect of shear viscosity on the attenuation is much more than that of bulk viscosity. The transient response of viscoelastic Rayleigh wave was also simulated using Laplace and Hankel inversion transform, which are showed in good agreement with the theoretic predictions. The model provides a useful tool for the determination of viscoelastic parameters of medium.     

Quantitative analysis results of CE-1 X-ray fluorescence spectrometer ground base experiment

As the nearest celestial body to the earth, the moon has become a hot spot again in astronomy field recently. The element analysis is a much important subject in many lunar projects. Remote X-ray spectrometry plays an important role in the geochemical exploration of the solar bodies. Because of th equasi-vacuum atmosphere on the moon, which has no absorption of X-ray, the X-ray fluorescence analysis is an effective way to determine the elemental abundance of lunar surface. The CE-1 X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (CE-1/XFS) aims to map the major elemental compositions on the lunar surface. This paper describes a method for quantitative analysis of elemental compositions. A series of ground base experiments are done to examine the capability of XFS. The obtained results, which show a reasonable agreement with the certified values at a 30% uncertainty level for major elements, are presented.     

Time domain finite volume method for the transient response and natural characteristics of structural-acoustic coupling in an enclosed cavity

A time domain finite volume method（TDFVM）based on wave theory is developed to analyze the transient response and natural characteristics of structural-acoustic coupling problems in an enclosed cavity.In the present method,the elastic dynamic equations and acoustic equation in heterogeneous medium are solved in solid domains and fluid domains respectively.The structural-acoustic coupling is implemented according to the continuity condition of the particle velocity along the normal direction and the normal traction equilibrium condition on the interface.Several numerical examples are presented to validate the effectiveness and accuracy of the present TDFVM.Then the effects of water depth on the acoustic and vibration characteristics and the natural characteristics of a structural-acoustic coupling system are analyzed.The numerical results show that the increase of water depth leads to a stronger coupling between the water and structure and the decrease of natural frequencies of coupling system,The computational cost and memory of this method are small and it can be applicable to structural-acoustic coupling problems in the heterogeneous fluid.