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1.
The NMR parameters are determined for a series of disubstituted (R = CH3, (CH3)3C; X = COOCH3, CN) and specifically deuterated cyclohexenes. The 3 J(HH), 3J(HD), 4J(HH) and 5 J(HH) coupling constants are used to evaluate the conformational equilibria. Three of the five compounds with an allylic t-butyl substituent, are conformationally heterogeneous; these equilibria, and those between stereoisomers are used for an analysis of this phenomenon, carried out within the framework of the hypothesis of additivity of conformational free energies and gauche interactions.  相似文献   

2.
Preparation of unsaturated sugars phosphonates using nucleophilic conjugate addition Different types of phosphorus nucleophiles underwent conjugate addition reaction with one of the branched-chain sugars 4, 5 or 11 the addition taking place either on the endo or the exo face of the furanose ring (or on both faces in the case of 11 ). The configuration at C(3) of these new phosphorus-bearing types of sugars as well as the configuration at the phosphorus atom of the cyclic phosphinates 9 and 10 was established by NMR. (3JP,H–C(2), 3JP,C(1)). Small amounts (7%) of the spiro enol phosphonate 16 were formed when 11 reacted with trimethyl phosphite.  相似文献   

3.
Different isotopic modifications of deuterated products of 1-t-butlyl-4-methoxycarbonyl cyclohexene (d4-3,3,6,6), cis- and trans-3-methyl-4-cyanocyclohexene (d3-3,6,6), cis- and trans-3-methyl-4-cyanocyclohexene (d3,6,6), cis- and trans-3-t-butyl-4-methoxycarbonylcyclohexene (d3,-3,6,6) are shown by nuclear magnetic resonance spectral analysis. By comparison of 3J and 4J coupling constants of model molecules and molecules with large gauche interactions, we obtain proof that the latter are in a chair conformation with moderate cycle deformations.  相似文献   

4.
A mixture of stereoisomers of 2,4-dimethoxybicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-9-one was prepared, separated by column chromatography and characterized by 60 MHz 1H NMR spectroscopy using Eu(fod)3. A double chair conformation with axial methoxyl groups is established for (1R,2S,4R,5S)-2,4-dimethoxybicyclo[3.3.1]-nonan-9-one on the basis of the J(12), J(2,H-3 exo) and J(2,3 endo) values and the chemical shifts for H-2(4). The conformation of some related compounds is subsequently inferred.  相似文献   

5.
Four cyano‐bridged 1D bimetallic polymers have been prepared by using the paramagnetic building block trans‐[Ru(acac)2(CN)2]? (Hacac=acetylacetone): {[{Ni(tren)}{Ru(acac)2(CN)2}][ClO4]?CH3OH}n ( 1 ) (tren=tris(2‐aminoethyl)amine), {[{Ni(cyclen)}{Ru(acac)2(CN)2}][ClO4]? CH3OH}n ( 2 ) (cyclen=1,4,7,10‐tetraazacyclododecane), {[{Fe(salen)}{Ru(acac)2(CN)2}]}n ( 3 ) (salen2?=N,N′‐bis(salicylidene)‐o‐ethyldiamine dianion) and [{Mn(5,5′‐Me2salen)}2{Ru(acac)2(CN)2}][Ru(acac)2(CN)2]? 2 CH3OH ( 4 ) (5,5′‐Me2salen=N,N′‐bis(5,5′‐dimethylsalicylidene)‐o‐ethylenediimine). Compounds 1 and 2 are 1D, zigzagged NiRu chains that exhibit ferromagnetic coupling between NiII and RuIII ions through cyano bridges with J=+1.92 cm?1, z J′=?1.37 cm?1, g=2.20 for 1 and J=+0.85 cm?1, z J′=?0.16 cm?1, g=2.24 for 2 . Compound 3 has a 1D linear chain structure that exhibits intrachain ferromagnetic coupling (J=+0.62 cm?1, z J′=?0.09 cm?1, g=2.08), but antiferromagnetic coupling occurs between FeRu chains, leading to metamagnetic behavior with TN=2.6 K. In compound 4 , two MnIII ions are coordinated to trans‐[Ru(acac)2(CN)2]? to form trinuclear Mn2Ru units, which are linked together by π–π stacking and weak Mn???O* interactions to form a 1D chain. Compound 4 shows slow magnetic relaxation below 3.0 K with ?=0.25, characteristic of superparamagnetic behavior. The MnIII???RuIII coupling constant (through cyano bridges) and the MnIII???MnIII coupling constant (between the trimers) are +0.87 and +0.24 cm?1, respectively. Compound 4 is a novel single‐chain magnet built from Mn2Ru trimers through noncovalent interactions. Density functional theory (DFT) combined with the broken symmetry state method was used to calculate the molecular magnetic orbitals and the magnetic exchange interactions between RuIII and M (M=NiII, FeIII, and MnIII) ions. To explain the somewhat unexpected ferromagnetic coupling between low‐spin RuIII and high‐spin FeIII and MnIII ions in compounds 3 and 4 , respectively, it is proposed that apart from the relative symmetries, the relative energies of the magnetic orbitals may also be important in determining the overall magnetic coupling in these bimetallic assemblies.  相似文献   

6.
Twenty-six monoalkoxyfluorophosphoranes bearing an asymmetric substituent of types R1PF3(OR2*)( 1 ), R1*PF3(OR2) ( 2 ), R1R3PF2(OR2* 3 ) and R21PF2(OR2*)( 4 ), have been prepared. The non-equivalence of the axial fluorine atoms is observed in the 19F NMR spectra for the compounds of types 1 δF′a – δF′a ~ 0·5 to 3·8 ppm, J(FaF′a) ~ 10 Hz, 2 δFa – δF′a ~ 1·1 to 1·5 ppm, J(FaF′a) ~ 14 Hz and 3 δFa – δFa ~ 0·2 ppm, J(FaF′a) ~ 10 Hz but not for those of type 4 R12PF2(OR2*). Its origin is assigned to the diastereotopic character of these fluorines. The possibility of a hindered rotation of the substituents as the origin of the phenomenon is excluded. The preparation of sec-BuPF4 and EtPhPF3 is also reported.  相似文献   

7.
Monodisperse metal clusters provide a unique platform for investigating magnetic exchange within molecular magnets. Herein, the core–shell structure of the monodisperse molecule magnet of [Gd52Ni56(IDA)48(OH)154(H2O)38]@SiO2 ( 1 a @SiO2) was prepared by encapsulating one high‐nuclearity lanthanide–transition‐metal compound of [Gd52Ni56(IDA)48(OH)154(H2O)38]?(NO3)18?164 H2O ( 1 ) (IDA=iminodiacetate) into one silica nanosphere through a facile one‐pot microemulsion method. 1 a @SiO2 was characterized using transmission electron microscopy, N2 adsorption–desorption isotherms, and inductively coupled plasma‐atomic emission spectrometry. Magnetic investigation of 1 and 1 a revealed J1=0.25 cm?1, J2=?0.060 cm?1, J3=?0.22 cm?1, J4=?8.63 cm?1, g=1.95, and z J=?2.0×10?3 cm?1 for 1 , and J1=0.26 cm?1, J2=?0.065 cm?1, J3=?0.23 cm?1, J4=?8.40 cm?1 g=1.99, and z J=0.000 cm?1 for 1 a @SiO2. The z J=0 in 1 a @SiO2 suggests that weak antiferromagnetic coupling between the compounds is shielded by silica nanospheres.  相似文献   

8.
Proton–proton 3J, 4J and 5J NMR coupling constants have been calculated for cyclohexane and monosubstituted cyclohexane conformers (substitiuents: Li, CH3, OH, F) by the two methods mentioned. Comparing the two methods on the basis of group theory, we show the necessity to use the second. The results from this method are compared with those of the literature.  相似文献   

9.
The dimeric and tetrametic structures of complexes of phenylethinyllithium, as recently discovered by X-ray analysis in the solid state, were also found to be present in solution. Tetrahydrofuran solutions of 1-(6Li)-[1-13C]-2-phenylethyne in the presence or absence of N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylpolymethylenediamines show a pentuplett 13C-NMR signal [δ=140 ppm, J(C,Li)=8.2 Hz] from the labelled C-atom at low temperatures (?95 to ?110°). This proves the dimeric structure. When (6Li)BuLi is added, a mixed dimer [(C6H5C?CLi)(C4H9Li)] is formed [δ=142 ppm, J(C,Li) = 7.8 Hz]. This is converted to a mixed tetramer [(C6H5C?CLi)(C4H9Li)3] upon addition of larger amounts of (6Li)BuLi, as concluded from a signal at δ = 133.5 ppm, J(C,Li) = 5.6 Hz. The multiplicity of this signal suggests that a static tetramer is present, in which the C-atoms couple only with three next Li-neighbors.  相似文献   

10.
Some monomer model compounds of lignin have been selectively 2H and 13C labelled: vanillin, ethyl ferulate, coniferyl alcohol and ethyl hydrogen malonate. Deuterium isotope effects on the 13C chemical shifts in [formyl-2H]vanillin, [5-2H]vanillin and [α,α,5-2H3]coniferyl alcohol made the unambiguous assignment of the aromatic 13C signals possible. Absolute 1,2,3J(CC) values have been determined on 13C spectra of [formyl-13C]vanillin, and of ethyl ferulate and coniferyl alcohol in which the vinylic C-γ and C-β carbons were 13C enriched. It has been possible to measure 4J(C?O, C-4) in vanillin and 4J(C-γ, C-4) in ethyl ferulate. The determination of 1,2,3,4J (CH) absolute values was done by means of gated decoupled 13C spectra of the non-labelled compounds. When second order effects made the use of this technique impossible we determined certain J(CH) values and their signs either by analysing the 1H NMR spectra of 13C labelled coniferyl alcohol [2J(C-β, H-γ), 2J(C-β, H-α), 2J(C-γ, H-β), 3J(C-γ, H-α)] or by a double irradiation experiment on the 250 MHz 1H NMR spectrum of ethyl [β-13C] ferulate [for 2J(C-β, H-γ)].  相似文献   

11.
A novel complex [Cu(NnpPy)2(HlTCB)(H1O)]·2H2O (NITpPy = 2‐(pyrid‐4′‐yl)‐4,4,5,5‐tetramethyl‐1, 3‐dioxoimidazoline; H2TCB = 1, 5‐dicarboxybenzene carboxylic‐2, 4‐diacid) has been synthesized and characterized by X‐ray crystallography analysis. The crystal structure consists of infinite chains of Cu‐(NITpPy)2(H2O) units linked by H2TCB ligands. The complex crystallizes in triclinic system with space group PI. Crystal data: a = 1.0594(2) nm, b = 1.3830(3) nm, c = 1.5551(3) nm, a = 67.75(3)°, β = 89.83(3)°, γ = 70.54(3)°. The variable magnetic susceptibility studies lead to magnetic coupling constant values of J1= ?11.18 cm‐1 (Cu—Rad) and J2 = ?4.06 cm?1 (Cu—Cu).  相似文献   

12.
A number of alkyltin(IV) paratoluenesulfonates, RnSn(OSO2C6H4CH3‐4)4?n (n = 2, 3; R = C2H5, n‐C3H7, n‐C4H9), have been prepared and IR spectra and solution NMR (1H, 13C, 119Sn) are reported for these compounds, including (n‐C4H9)2Sn(OSO2X)2 (X = CH3 and CF3), the NMR spectra of which have not been reported previously. From the chemical shift δ(119Sn) and the coupling constants 1J(13C, 119Sn) and 2J(1H, 119Sn), the coordination of the tin atom and the geometry of its coordination sphere in solutions of these compounds is suggested. IR spectra of the compounds are very similar to that observed for the paratoluenesulfonate anion in its sodium salt. The studies indicate that diorganotin(IV) paratoluenesulfonates, and the previously reported compounds (n‐C4H9)2Sn(OSO2X)2 (X = CH3 and CF3), contain bridging SO3X groups that yield polymeric structures with hexacoordination around tin and contain non‐linear C? Sn? C bonds. In triorganotin(IV) sulfonates, pentacoordination for tin with a planar SnC3 skeleton and bidentate bridging paratoluenesulfonate anionic groups are suggested by IR and NMR spectral studies. The X‐ray structure shows [(n‐C4H9)2Sn(OSO2C6H4CH3‐4)2·2H2O] to be monomeric containing six‐coordinate tin and crystallizes from methanol–chloroform in monoclinic space group C2/c. The Sn? O (paratoluenesulfonate) bond distance (2.26(2) Å) is indicative of a relatively high degree of ionic character in the metal–anion bonds. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

13.
The proton NMR spectral analysis of eight different 1,3,2-dithiaphospholanes with various groups attached to the phosphorus atom has been performed. The AA′BB′X (X phosphorus atom) system shows that the two 3J(P? S? C? H) coupling constants have a small magnitude and opposite signs. Using the 3J(HH) values, the torsion about the C4—C5 bond has been evaluated. The conformational requirements in the two isomers of the 2 phenyl-4-methyl-1,3,2-dithiaphospholane are also discussed.  相似文献   

14.
INDOR experiments indicate 4J(P? C? C? O? H) to be positive for the β-hydroxyphosphonate ester RS,RS dissolved in (CD3)2CO or (CD3)2SO. The higher value observed in (CD3)2SO than in (CD3)2CO shows that a W geometry makes this coupling constant more positive.  相似文献   

15.
The signs of the phosphorus-proton coupling constants in various allenic organophosphorus compounds have been determined by either analysis of the AB2X spectra or double resonance. Probable absolute signs have been obtained by taking 3J(P? H) as positive. In allenic phosphine oxides, the following signs are obtained: 2J(P? H) +ve, 3J(P? H) +ve, 4J(P? H) ?ve, 5J(P? H) +ve and the 4J(P? H) coupling constant varies mostly with the inductive effect of the substituents bound to the phosphorus atom. In allenic phosphines, these sings are: 2J(P? H) +ve, 3J(P? H) +ve, 4J(P? H) ?ve and +ve and the 4J(P? H) coupling constant varies with both the inductive and resonance effects to the substituents. This coupling constant is negative except when the phosphorus atom is bound to groups which are electron-donating by resonance effects. These results are discussed in relation to the pπ? dπ bonding in phosphine.  相似文献   

16.
Unsymmetrical and generalized indirect covariance processing methods provide a means of mathematically combining pairs of 2D NMR spectra that share a common frequency domain to facilitate the extraction of correlation information. Previous reports have focused on the combination of HSQC spectra with 1,1‐, 1,n‐, and inverted 1JCC 1,n‐ADEQUATE spectra to afford carbon–carbon correlation spectra that allow the extraction of direct (1JCC), long‐range (nJCC, where n ≥ 2), and 1JCC‐edited long‐range correlation data, respectively. Covariance processing of HMBC and 1,1‐ADEQUATE spectra has also recently been reported, allowing convenient, high‐sensitivity access to nJCC correlation data equivalent to the much lower sensitivity n,1‐ADEQUATE experiment. Furthermore, HMBC‐1,1‐ADEQUATE correlations are observed in the F1 frequency domain at the intrinsic chemical shift of the 13C resonance in question rather than at the double‐quantum frequency of the pair of correlated carbons, as visualized by the n,1, and m,n‐ADEQUATE experiments, greatly simplifying data interpretation. In an extension of previous work, the covariance processing of HMBC and 1,n‐ADEQUATE spectra is now reported. The resulting HMBC‐1,n‐ADEQUATE spectrum affords long‐range carbon–carbon correlation data equivalent to the very low sensitivity m,n‐ADEQUATE experiment. In addition to the significantly higher sensitivity of the covariance calculated spectrum, correlations in the HMBC‐1,n‐ADEQUATE spectrum are again detected at the intrinsic 13C chemical shifts of the correlated carbons rather than at the double‐quantum frequency of the pair of correlated carbons. HMBC‐1,n‐ADEQUATE spectra can provide correlations ranging from diagonal (0JCC or diagonal correlations) to 4JCC under normal circumstances to as much as 6JCC in rare instances. The experiment affords the potential means of establishing the structures of severely proton‐deficient molecules. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

17.
Cesium Chromium Halides Cs3CrCl6, Cs3Cr2Cl9, and Cs3CrBr6 – Preparation, Properties, Crystal Structure The crystal structures of Cs3CrCl6 and Cs3Cr2Cl9 were determined and redetermined by X‐ray single‐crystal studies (space group Pnnm, Z = 6, a = 1115.6(2) pm, b = 2291.3(5) pm, c = 743.8(1) pm, Rf = 7.73%, 1025 unique reflections with I > 2σ(I) (Cs3CrCl6); P63/mmc, Z = 2, a = 721.7(2) pm und c = 1791.0(1) pm; Rf = 2.06%, 395 unique reflections with I > 2.5σ(I) (Cs3Cr2Cl9). The structure of Cs3CrCl6 consists of two different isolated CrCl6 octahedra and five crystallographic different Cs+ ions. The CrCl6 octahedra form ropes in the direction [001]. Because of orientational disordering of the Cr(1)Cl6 octahedra and the an only half‐occupation of some cesium and chlorine sites Cs3CrCl6 is strongly disordered in direction of the (020) plane. The ionic conductivity of Cs3CrCl6, which was expected owing to the great disorder, however, is with 7.3 × 10–5 Ω–1 cm–1 at 740 K relatively small. The compound Cs3CrBr6, which was firstly prepared by quenching stoichiometric amounts of CsBr and CrBr3 from 833 K, is metastable at ambient temperature. It is probably isostructural to Cs3CrCl6 as shown by X‐ray powder photographs.  相似文献   

18.
The magnetic properties of the dinuclear and tetranuclear nickel(II) tetrazolato complexes [Ni2L(RCN4)][BPh4] (R = H ( 4 ), Me ( 5 ), Ph ( 6 )) and [(Ni2L)2(1,4‐(CN4)2‐C6H4)][BPh4]2 ( 7 ), where (L)2– represents a 24‐membered macrocyclic N6S2 supporting ligand, are reported. Analysis of temperature‐dependent magnetic susceptibility measurements over the temperature range from 2 to 300 K revealed the presence of weak ferromagnetic exchange interactions between the NiII ions in the binuclear [Ni2L(μ‐L′)]+ subunits with magnetic exchange coupling constant values of J1 = 13.5 cm–1 for 4 , J1 = 20.0 cm–1 for 5 , J1 = 19.2 cm–1 for 6 , and J1 = 15.2 cm–1 for 7 ( H = –2JS1S2). The exchange coupling J2 across the bistetrazolato bridge in 7 is less than 0.1 cm–1, which suggests that no significant interdimer coupling occurs in this compound. The synthesis and crystal structure of the new complex 7 ·2MeCN is also reported.  相似文献   

19.
This work reports on the comprehensive calculation of the NMR one‐bond spin–spin coupling constants (SSCCs) involving carbon and tellurium, 1J(125Te,13C), in four representative compounds: Te(CH3)2, Te(CF3)2, Te(C?CH)2, and tellurophene. A high‐level computational treatment of 1J(125Te,13C) included calculations at the SOPPA level taking into account relativistic effects evaluated at the 4‐component RPA and DFT levels of theory, vibrational corrections, and solvent effects. The consistency of different computational approaches including the level of theory of the geometry optimization of tellurium‐containing compounds, basis sets, and methods used for obtainig spin–spin coupling values have also been discussed in view of reproducing the experimental values of the tellurium–carbon SSCCs. Relativistic corrections were found to play a major role in the calculation of 1J(125Te,13C) reaching as much as almost 50% of the total value of 1J(125Te,13C) while relativistic geometrical effects are of minor importance. The vibrational and solvent corrections account for accordingly about 3–6% and 0–4% of the total value. It is shown that taking into account relativistic corrections, vibrational corrections and solvent effects at the DFT level essentially improves the agreement of the non‐relativistic theoretical SOPPA results with experiment. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.  相似文献   

20.
A family of five isostructural butterfly complexes with a tetranuclear [Ln4] core of the general formula [Ln4(LH)22‐η1η1Piv)(η2‐Piv)(μ3‐OH)2]?x H2O?y MeOH?z CHCl3 ( 1 : Ln=DyIII, x=2, y=2, z=0; 2 : Ln=TbIII, x=0, y=0, z=6; 3 : Ln=ErIII, x=2, y=2, z=0; 4 : Ln=HoIII, x=2, y=2, z=0; 5 : Ln=YbIII, x=2, y=2, z=0; LH4=6‐{[bis(2‐hydroxyethyl)amino]methyl}‐N′‐(2‐hydroxy‐3‐methoxybenzylidene)picolinohydrazide; PivH=pivalic acid) was isolated and characterized both structurally and magnetically. Complexes 1 – 5 were probed by direct and alternating current (dc and ac) magnetic susceptibility measurements and, except for 1 , they did not display single‐molecule magnetism (SMM) behavior. The ac magnetic susceptibility measurements show frequency‐dependent out‐of‐phase signals with one relaxation process for complex 1 and the estimated effective energy barrier for the relaxation process was found to be 49 K. We have carried out extensive ab initio (CASSCF+RASSI‐SO+SINGLE_ANISO+POLY_ANISO) calculations on all the five complexes to gain deeper insights into the nature of magnetic anisotropy and the presence and absence of slow relaxation in these complexes. Our calculations yield three different exchange coupling for these Ln4 complexes and all the extracted J values are found to be weakly ferro/antiferromagentic in nature (J1=+2.35, J2=?0.58, and J3=?0.29 cm?1 for 1 ; J1=+0.45, J2=?0.68, and J3=?0.29 cm?1 for 2 ; J1=+0.03, J2=?0.98, and J3=?0.19 cm?1 for 3 ; J1=+4.15, J2=?0.23, and J3=?0.54 cm?1 for 4 and J1=+0.15, J2=?0.28, and J3=?1.18 cm?1 for 5 ). Our calculations reveal the presence of very large mixed toroidal moment in complex 1 and this is essentially due to the specific exchange topology present in this cluster. Our calculations also suggest presence of single‐molecule toroics (SMTs) in complex 2 . For complexes 3 – 5 on the other hand, the transverse anisotropy was computed to be large, leading to the absence of slow relaxation of magnetization. As the magnetic field produced by SMTs decays faster than the normal spin moments, the concept of SMTs can be exploited to build qubits in which less interference and dense packing are possible. Our systematic study on these series of Ln4 complexes suggest how the ligand design can help to bring forth such SMT characteristics in lanthanide complexes.  相似文献   

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