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为了开发与应用新型列车车体降噪内装结构,基于混合FE-SEA法对轨道车辆用新型橡胶泡棉夹芯板进行隔声与声辐射预测建模,并进行了试验验证,进而利用该模型分析了橡胶泡棉孔隙率与芯皮厚度比对其隔声性能、声辐射性能的影响规律,并通过敷设阻尼层优化了其声学性能。最后,在侧墙组合结构的声学设计中评价了其实际应用效果。结果表明:随着孔隙率的逐步下降,橡胶泡棉夹芯板隔声量上升趋势较为明显,而辐射声功率持续降低;随着芯皮厚度比的逐步提高,夹芯板隔声量呈略微上升趋势,辐射声功率则相应降低。在远离声源一侧的橡胶泡棉蒙皮外侧敷设阻尼层的效果最优,优化后夹芯板计权隔声量提高0.7dB,总声功率级降低0.7dB;相较于传统木质胶合板和铝蜂窝板,橡胶泡棉夹芯板相较于传统内装板材在结构隔声设计中具有轻量化优势。 相似文献
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在Demons算法的基础上, 将扩散过程看作图像配准, 建立一种新的基于图像配准的Demons 去噪模型. 实验表明, 该模型去噪效果优于经典的Perona-Malik模型, 排除了模型的病态性. 考虑到新模型在图像去噪过程中仅靠梯度信息表示图像的局部特征还不完善, 故将水平集曲率作为控制图像结构的驱动力因素引入到此模型中, 提出了一种新的梯度和曲率双重驱动力的图像去噪模型. 分析和仿真结果表明, 两种新模型都可有效抑制噪声, 清晰度也有明显的提高, 其中双重驱动力的图像去噪模型去噪效果更具优越性. 相似文献
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为了解决发动机低频噪声问题,基于双端口非对称吸声器原理,设计了一种尺寸渐变的吸声超表面,用于发动机声衬降噪设计.首先,建立了非对称共振吸声器的理论分析模型和仿真分析模型,揭示了降噪机理,并分析了其降噪效果的影响因素.然后基于非对称共振吸声器设计了一种声学超表面声衬,用全模型理论计算、等效阻抗理论计算和COMSOL有限元仿真三种方法深入分析了声衬的降噪效果,并用全模型理论计算和等效阻抗理论计算方法考虑了流速对降噪效果的影响,然后对此结构进行了参数优化.研究结果表明,所设计的基于非对称吸声器的声学超表面声衬在厚度仅为2.5 cm (仅为252 Hz对应波长的1/54)的情况下,可实现252—692 Hz的频带范围内3 dB以上的降噪效果,为发动机降噪设计提供了一种新的设计思路. 相似文献
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提出了基于声学响应模型与群差分进化算法的次声管道降噪滤波器优化设计方法,在理想条件和工程实践两种情景下设计了管道滤波器的结构参数并仿真分析了降噪性能表现。结果表明:(1)理想条件下的设计结果在约0.1~0.8 Hz的频带内取得了5 dB以上的降噪性能提升,最大提升达到12 dB。(2)工程实践情景的设计结果在各种环境风速中最大可以取得约3dB的性能提升。(3)大风速条件的优化设计可应用于环境风速未知或变化较大的场景。分析结果表明所提设计方法可以有效设计管道滤波器,优化设计的管道滤波器在降噪性能上优于传统管道滤波器。 相似文献
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为抑制水介质管路系统低频噪声,兼顾结构的紧凑性,提出弹性背腔微穿孔管路消声结构,弹性管壁为橡胶帘线复合材料,并推导了传递损失的数值解法。首先,基于Biot-Allard多孔弹性理论,将弹性微穿孔板等效为弹性多孔材料;然后,利用双尺度法建立帘布的周期性代表单元,求得其刚度矩阵;接着,基于分层理论,建立弹性管壁的多层复合材料模型,并与内部声场耦合计算,得到弹性背腔微穿孔管路消声器的传递损失。在水介质驻波管中,利用双声源法测量弹性背腔微穿孔管路消声器样机的传递损失曲线,并与扩张式管路消声器和刚性背腔微穿孔管路消声器进行对比,理论结果与试验结果吻合良好。研究表明,弹性背腔微穿孔管路消声器属于反射耗散复合式消声器,具有低频域、宽频带的消声特性。样机B2在40~300 Hz和40~1200 Hz频段内的传递损失分别为36 dB和30 dB,而相同尺寸扩张式消声器在对应频段的传递损失分别为7 dB和11 dB。 相似文献
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Propagation of acoustic waves in a fluid-filled pipe with periodic elastic Helmholtz resonators
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Helmholtz resonators are widely used to reduce noise in a fluid-filled pipe system. It is a challenge to obtain lowfrequency and broadband attenuation with a small sized cavity. In this paper, the propagation of acoustic waves in a fluid-filled pipe system with periodic elastic Helmholtz resonators is studied theoretically. The resonance frequency and sound transmission loss of one unit are analyzed to validate the correctness of simplified acoustic impedance. The band structure of infinite periodic cells and sound transmission loss of finite periodic cells are calculated by the transfer matrix method and finite element software. The effects of several parameters on band gap and sound transmission loss are probed.Further, the negative bulk modulus of periodic cells with elastic Helmholtz resonators is analyzed. Numerical results show that the acoustic propagation properties in the periodic pipe, such as low frequency, broadband sound transmission, can be improved. 相似文献
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气动噪声随着列车运行速度的提高急剧增加,是高速列车噪声的重要组成部分。本文使用缩比为1:20的三车编组模型,通过三维瞬态延迟分离涡模型求解高速列车的外流场,分析了环境风对流场结构与声源特性的影响;之后使用FW-H方程进行噪声传播计算,分析了不同速度的环境风对高速列车气动声学行为特性的影响。结果表明:高速列车主要的噪声源分布在转向架附近,在环境风的影响下,列车背风侧声源强度高于迎风侧,列车底部声源强度增幅较大。10 m/s以内的环境风会改变高速列车在尾流区域的声学指向性,并使气动噪声增加2.1~8.7 dB。相关结论可以为高速列车气动声学设计等研究提供参考。 相似文献
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This paper compares various decentralised control strategies, including structural and acoustic actuator–sensor configuration designs, to reduce noise transmission through a double panel structure. The comparison is based on identical control stability indexes. The double panel structure consists of two panels with air in between and offers the advantages of low sound transmission at high frequencies, low heat transmission, and low weight. The double panel structure is widely used, such as in the aerospace and automotive industries. Nevertheless, the resonance of the cavity and the poor sound transmission loss at low frequencies limit the double panel's noise control performance. Applying active structural acoustic control to the panels or active noise control to the cavity has been discussed in many papers. In this paper, the resonances of the panels and the cavity are considered simultaneously to further reduce the transmitted noise through an existing double panel structure. A structural–acoustic coupled model is developed to investigate and compare various structural control and cavity control methods. Numerical analysis and real-time control results show that structural control should be applied to both panels. Three types of cavity control sources are presented and compared. The results indicate that the largest noise reduction is obtained with cavity control by loudspeakers modified to operate as incident pressure sources. 相似文献
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Based on the close proximity (CPX) method specified in ISO/DIS 11819-2, we recorded and analyzed the instantaneous tyre/road sound pressure levels with 9 road sections that are constructed with the same pavement surfacing materials, that is, friction course. A total of 1320 segments were made in urban areas with a pair of SRTT (Standard Road Test Tyre). We tried to relate the tyre/road noise with the instantaneous acceleration, speed, air temperature, road temperature, road gradient, road surface age to develop a multi-variants model. It was subsequently found that a simple tyre/road noise model linking driving speed and acceleration is the best model. The model provides an easy way to estimate the instantaneous tyre/road noise level. As the tyre/road noise is becoming more dominant component of the road traffic noise, our proposed model has the potential to improve the current practice in estimating the road traffic noise. 相似文献
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本文以某型客机为研究对象,从飞行试验数据分析和声学建模两方面研究机体表面声压分布及其对舱内壁板近场辐射声压的影响。首先根据试飞数据分析了机体表面声压分布,然后利用统计能量法建立飞机客舱中后段的声学模型,以试飞数据作为声源输入,研究机体表面声压分布对客舱内部壁板附近声压分布的影响,并在此基础上提出优化设计方案,通过模型验证优化方案的有效性。试飞数据表明:机体表面声压在后应急门前方、靠近地板处最大;巡航速度升高,声压级较大区域的面积随之增加;巡航高度和发动机N1N2频率变化对机体表面声压级分布无明显影响。仿真数据表明:仅蒙皮结构无法有效降低客舱噪声;对声学降噪包进行优化能增加壁板隔声量,降低舱内声压。 相似文献
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High speed switching of current in gradient coils within high magnetic field strength magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanners results in high acoustic sound pressure levels (SPL) in and around these machines. Many studies have already been conducted to characterize the sound field in and around MRIs and various methods have been investigated to attenuate the noise generated. In the work presented here a computational vibro-acoustic model was developed based on an iteratively modified and validated finite element (FE) model to characterize the acoustic noise properties of the gradient coil. The simulation results from the computational model were verified through experimental noise measurement for the gradient coil insert in a 4 T MRI scanner by using swept sinusoidal time waveform inputs. Comparisons show that the computational model predicts the noise characteristic properties extremely accurately. There are three dominant frequency bands where the SPL is much higher than those at other frequencies. The SPL in the horizontal direction is much higher than that in the vertical direction due to the excitation to the horizontally placed X coil. The SPL to the inner surface of the coil is higher than far from the inner surface, which proves that the acoustic noise is radiated from the inner surface and primarily caused by the normal vibration of the inner surface. Further verification was conducted by using two types of trapezoidal sequence inputs usually used, which is to simulate real scanning sequences for small animals. Again the accuracy of the developed model is verified. The validated acoustic computational model could be used as an effective method to predict the noise that would be produced by a coil in the design stage. Modification of the structural design or the excitation pulse could be performed to reduce the acoustic noise when the gradient coil is in scanning. 相似文献
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理论分析了共振无源腔对飞秒脉冲激光的强度和相位噪声的转化模型,分析表明,通过测量无源腔透射场或者反射场相对于输入场强度噪声的变化,可以间接得到输入场飞秒脉冲激光的相位噪声.在此基础上设计了精细度约为1500、自由光谱区为75 MHz的八镜环形共振无源腔,并测量了钛宝石锁模激光经过该共振无源腔后透射场和反射场强度噪声的变化.实验观察到,飞秒脉冲激光经过无源腔透射后,强度噪声特性得到较好改善,在探测频率2 MHz附近达到散粒噪声极限.同时,结合共振无源腔对激光强度和相位噪声的转化模型,间接给出了钛宝石锁模激光的相位噪声及无源腔对相位噪声的有效抑制作用. 相似文献