ML-7对动脉粥样硬化兔肝脏微量元素含量的影响

探讨实验性动脉粥样硬化兔肝脏组织中Zn、Fe、Cu、Mn、Cr、Pb、Cd和Se含量的变化。高脂饮食复制兔动脉粥样硬化模型,然后给予ML-7建立治疗组模型,获取肝脏,微波消解样品,采用原子吸收光谱法测定肝脏组织中Zn、Fe、Cu、Mn、Cr、Pb和Cd的含量。原子荧光光谱法测定肝脏组织中Se的含量。高脂组肝脏组织Zn、Fe、Cu、Mn、Cr、Pb、Cd和Se含量分别为86.09、277.1、11.07、5.366 mg/kg、115.2、286.0、210.5μg/kg,2.139 mg/kg,治疗组肝脏组织Zn、Fe、Cu、Mn、Cr、Pb、Cd和Se含量分别为82.10、273.5、9.072、5.824 mg/kg、102.5、273.6、224.6μg/kg,2.511 mg/kg。经过ML-7治疗后,Zn/Cu、Mn、Se含量升高,Cu含量下降,Fe、Cr、Pb和Cd基本不变。     

火焰原子吸收法测定夏枯草果穗的微量元素

使用灰化法处理样品,火焰原子吸收光谱法测定夏枯草果穗中的铬、银、锌、镍、镉、铁、铜的含量。结果表明,除Ag元素未检出外,夏枯草果穗的微量元素含量Cr、Zn、Ni、Cd、Fe、Cu分别为1．024、1．096、36．152、0．580、0．656、6．872μg/g,各元素含量由高到低顺序为：Ni,Cu,Zn,Cr,Fe,Cd,加标回收率为98．6％～115．2％,该法测定快速、简单,原子吸收光谱法测定夏枯草果穗中微量元素具有可行性。     

乳腺疾病患者发中微量元素含量分析

用原子吸收法对 765名乳腺疾病患者发中的Ca、Mg、Cu、Fe、Zn、Se含量进行了测定。结果表明 ,患者头发中Zn、Fe、Cu、Mg的含量均在正常范围内 (P >0 0 5 ) ;而头发中Ca含量明显高于正常值 (P >0 0 1 ) ,发Se含量明显低于正常值。提示乳腺疾病与硒低钙高有明显关系     

梅州农村饮用水重金属元素监测与分析

对梅州农村饮用水中的重金属元素进行了监测和分析，选择Fe，Mn，Zn，Cu，Ag，Pb，Cd七种元素为检测指标。从实验结果来看，Cu，Ag，Cd含量低，未超标；Fe，Mn，Zn，Pb有超标现象：按其危害程度，Pb，Mn的超标是急需解决的问题。     

猪、兔、羊、鸡肝脏中必需微量元素和脂肪酸含量的比较研究

以猪、兔、羊、鸡的肝脏为材料,利用高频电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱仪(ICP-AES)测定了其微量元素Zn、Fe、Cu、Mn的含量,新极谱仪测定了Se的含量,气相色谱仪测定了必需脂肪酸亚油酸(C反18：2)和γ-亚麻酸(Cγ-18：3)的含量。结果表明,Fe在所测五种微量元素中含量最高,Zn其次,Se最低。四种动物肝脏中,兔肝的Zn、Fe、Se含量(鲜重)最高．分别为34．00μg/g,151．70μg/g和0.14μg/g;羊肝的Cu含量(鲜重)最高,为65．72μg/g;鸡肝的Mn含量(鲜重)最高,为1．94μg/g。此外,在所测定的两种必需脂肪酸中,兔肝的亚油酸含量(鲜重)最高,为24．08％;鸡肝中γ-亚麻酸含量最高,为1．08％。结果提示,在选用动物肝脏作为营养素源和制备保健品时,应考虑微量元素和必需脂肪酸的含量特点,有效利用其营养价值。     

头发中微量元素含量与乙型肝炎关系的研究

通过检测60名乙型肝炎患者与55名正常对照组头发中的Zn、Mn、Cr、Fe、Cu、Se 6种微量元素的含量,观察了头发微量元素的变化情况与乙型肝炎的关系。结果表明,Zn、Mn、Se含量显著低于正常对照组,有显著或极显著性差异(P<0.05或P<0.01);Fe与正常对照组比较显著升高,有极显著性差异(P<0.01);Cr、Cu与正常对照组比较,无明显差异(P<0.05)。故微量元素与乙型肝炎存在着密切的联系,对乙肝患者须关注其微量元素含量的变化。     

丙型病毒性肝炎感染者头发中部分微量元素的研究

为探讨丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)感染者头发部分微量元素含量的变化,用原子吸收分光光度计分别测定了HCV感染者和正常人头发中的微量元素Zn、Fe、Se含量。结果表明,抗-HCV阳性组及HCV患者组发Zn含量低于正常对照组,经统计学检验,具有高度显著性差异(P<0.01);而丙肝患者组的Fe含量显著高于健康对照组。丙肝患者组头发Se含量低于健康对照组,具有显著性差异(P<0.01)。提示微量元素Zn、Fe、Se与病毒性肝炎存在密切关系。     

体外仿生法研究牡蛎和蛤仔体内微量金属元素的生物可给性

采用体外全仿生消解方法,模拟人体的消化道环境,对牡蛎和蛤仔样品进行仿生消解,分析牡蛎和蛤仔体内微量元素的生物可给性.以原子吸收光谱法测定胃、肠仿生提取液中微量元素的含量.结果表明,牡蛎胃提取液中Fe,Cu,Zn,Cd的含量明显高于肠提取液中的含量,蛤仔胃提取液中Fe,Cu的含量与肠提取液中的含量没有明显差异,而Zn,Cd的含量远高于其在肠提取液中的含量.经全仿生消解后,牡蛎体Fe,Cu,Zn,Cd的可给性分别为60.2％,83.6％,83.1％,76.8％;蛤仔Fe,Cu,Zn,Cd的可给性分别为46.3％,86.3％,85.3％,87.7％.本研究结果为进一步研究牡蛎和蛤仔对金属元素的累积和迁移、生物可利用性,Cd等有害元素对食用者的健康风险评估,提供技术支持和理论依据.     

肺癌组织中微量元素的研究

用ICP等离子体发射光谱法测定了肺癌组织中Cd、Cr、Co、Mg、Mn、Ni、Pb、Sr、Ti、Se、Al、Ba、Zn、Fe、Cu、Be等16种微量元素古量。结果显示．与同侧无癌肺叶组织相比较，肺鳞癌和肺腺癌组织中Cr、Cu和Mg含量均显著升高．Cd、Mn和Zn含量均显著降低。两型肺癌组织中Cd、Fe和Ba3种元素音量之间存在明显差异．而两型肺癌的同侧无癌肺叶组织的微量元素含量之间除Cd外均无明显差异。     

微波消解ICP-AES法同时测定蒙药新-Ⅱ中多种微量元素及Ca/Mg,Cu/Zn比值的分析

采用微波消解ICP—AES法同时测定蒙药新-Ⅱ中Ca、Mg、Fe、Zn、Ni、Mn、Cu、Pb等15种微量元素,并对蒙药新-Ⅱ中Ca／Mg,Cu／Zn比值进行了初步的分析。结果表明,蒙药新-Ⅱ中含有多种微量元素,其中人体有益的微量元素Ca、Mg、Fe、Cu、Ni、Zn、Mn的量相对高,即Ca〉Mg〉Fe〉Mn〉Zn〉Ni〉Cu,而人体有害微量元素Cd、Pb、Ag的量相对较低,Ca／Mg和Cu／Zn比值分别为4．1760、0．6077。加标回收率在97．5％～105．5％之间,相对标准偏差RSD≤2．7％,检出限≤0．008μg／mL。     

青海枸杞子中微量元素含量的测定

测定了青海枸杞子中锌、铜、锰、铅、砷、铁、硒等微量元素的含量。结果表明,青海枸杞子中含锌18.65μg/g,铜15.62μg/g,锰6.24μg/g,铅1.03μg/g,砷0.24μg/g,铁19.68μg/g,硒2.15μg/g,人体必需微量元素含量丰富,是枸杞具有极为重要的保健、防病、治病功能的重要原因之一。     

原子吸收光谱法测定皇冠草地上部分的7种微量元素

采用原子吸收光谱法测定了皇冠草地上部分所含微量元素铜、锰、锌、铁、镉、铅、铬.结果表明,皇冠草地上部分含有较丰富的铜、锰、锌、铁,RSD≤4.23％(n=4),加标回收率99.20％～103.00％.     

藏药材铁棒锤的微量元素含量分析

目的研究藏药材铁棒锤的微量元素含量。方法使用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(ICPMS)测定藏药材铁棒锤药材中As、Hg、Pb、Cd含量,使用原子吸收光谱仪(火焰法、石墨炉法)测定药材中Zn、Mn、Cr、Fe、Ca、K、Cu元素的含量并进行分析。结果铁棒锤中有害元素As、Hg、Pb、Cd含量较低,Cu、Fe等有益元素含量较高。结论藏药材铁棒锤有丰富的微量元素,具有较高的开发利用价值。     

An application of neutron activation analysis to biological materials

Fourteen trace elements (short-lived nuclides: Al, Br, Cu, Mn and V; long-lived nuclides: Ag, Au, Cd, Co, Cr, Fe, Sc, Se and Zn) in human eye tissues are determined simultaneously by non-destructive neutron activation analysis. The quantity of Al, Br, Fe, Se and Zn in the eye tissues (about 1 to more than 10 μg/g dry weight tissue) seems to be higher than that of other trace elements, although content of each trace element in individual tissue are scattered in a wide range. Conjunctiva, iris (+ciliary body) and choroid (+pigment epithelium) seem to contain larger amount of various trace elements than other eye tissues. From correlation studies it is evident that the relative distribution of 14 trace elements in various eye tissues are similar, and furthermore the content of trace elements in the eye tissues may be correlated in each of the three groups (group A: Cd, Fe, Se and Zn; group B: Al, Cr, Fe, Se and V; group C: Al, Au, Fe and Se).     

Lowering of the detection limit in atomic absorption spectroscopy using ensemble summation of signals obtained by means of a microsample technique

Summary The software for the ensemble summation of signals in atomic absorption spectroscopy combined with injection dosation of liquid microsamples is developed. The average of 16 realizations provides a 4-fold lowering of the detection limit of the elements as a result of improved reproducibility. The method is illustrated by the trace content determination of Cd, Mn, Ni, Ag, Zn, Fe, Se, Pb and Na.

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Herabsetzung der Nachweisgrenze In der Atomabsorptions-Spektroskopie Durch Anwendung der Ensemblesummierung im Zusammenhang mit der Mikroproben-Technik

Zusammenfassung Es wurde die Software für eine Ensemblesummierung von Signalen bei der Injektionsdosierung von flüssigen Mikroproben in der Atomabsorptions-Spektroskopie entwickelt. Bei der Ensemblesummierung von 16 einzelnen Fällen (Injektionen) wird 4mal die Nachweisgrenze herabgesetzt, was auf Grund der Verbesserung der Reproduzierbarkeit erfolgt. Die Herabsetzung der Nachweisgrenze wird am Beispiel der Elemente Cd, Mn, Ni, Ag, Zn, Pb, Fe, Se und Na gezeigt.

     

Activation analysis of trace metals in several kinds of tissues of even-toed ungulates

The normal concentration levels of trace metals in several kinds of tissues of even-toed ungulates have been determined by instrumental neutron activation analysis, photon activation analysis, and flame atomic absorption spectrometry. In the present work the concentrations of 13 elements (Ag, Br, Ca, Co, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Rb, Se, and Zn) were analyzed.     

Comparative study of heavy metal and trace element accumulation in edible tissues of farmed and wild rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) using ICP-OES technique

The objective of this research was to determine the differences between farmed and wild rainbow trout in terms of heavy metal and trace element accumulation in edible tissues. The samples were analyzed for As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Se, Sr and Zn by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES); and for Hg by cold vapor atomic absorption spectrometry (CVAAS). The results were expressed as μg/g of dry weight. With the exception of Ba and Sr, liver had significantly higher heavy metal and trace element concentrations compared to the muscle in farmed or wild fish. Higher levels of Ba, Cr, Fe, Mn and Zn, as well as lower levels of Cu and Sr were found in tissues of wild rainbow trout compared to its farmed relative. Levels of Cd in 41.6% of farmed fish samples and 45.8% of wild fish samples exceeded the European Commission regulation. Regarding the Pb, concentrations in 50% of farmed fish samples and 62.5% of wild ones were above the European Commission limit. However, levels of Hg and As in all of the examined samples were lower than the legislated limits. The differences in heavy metal and trace element accumulation observed between farmed and wild fish were probably related to the differences in their environmental conditions and dietary element concentrations.     

Elemental composition of drinking water supplies in three states in Southeastern Nigeria

The levels of some trace elements; Co, Mn, Cu, Zn, Cr, Cd, Pb, Fe, Hg, Se, As, Ni and minor elements; Na, K, Ca and Mg were determined in public drinking water supplies (public taps and groundwaters) in three states in Southeastern Nigeria using energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (EDXRF) and flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). The mean levels of most of the trace elements in the groundwater samples were below the World Health Organization (WHO) drinking water quality limits, the only exception being Hg whose mean value of 3.69 μg/l exceeded the WHO limit of 1.0 μg/l. Violations of the WHO limits were also observed for Fe, Zn, Se and Pb in some of the groundwater samples. In the public tap samples only Hg violated the WHO limit.     

Atmospheric deposition of heavy metals in Norway studied by the analysis of moss samples using neutron activation analysis and atomic absorption spectrometry

In a study of the atmospheric deposition of trace elements in different parts of Norway, samples of the mossHylocomium Splendens were analyzed with respect to 28 elements. The determination of Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb was carried out by atomic absorption spectrophotometry, while 24 additional elements were determined by instrumental neutron activation analysis. In samples from southernmost Norway, a substantially higher concentration was found for elements such as Pb, Sb, V, Cr, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Mo, Ag, and Cd than in samples from places located in the more northerly parts of the country. The results indicate that sources which are to the south and south-west of Scandinavia, contribute significantly to heavy metal deposition in Norway.