光子晶体环形腔的四波长THz滤波器

提出一种基于光子晶体环形腔的四波长THz滤波器,该滤波器在光子晶体结构中引入两个环形腔,且环形腔内部各增加一个正方形介质柱,四周各引入一个散射介质柱。应用基于时域有限差分法(FDTD)的Rsoft软件进行仿真分析,结果表明通过对内部正方形介质柱的边长、散射介质柱半径以及耦合介质柱半径等结构参数的调节,可以滤出74.813,76.98,78.168和78.883 m四个太赫兹波长。该滤波器性能优良,透过率高、Q值高、信道隔离度大,对于THz技术应用具有重要意义。     

T-shaped channel drop filter based on photonic crystal ring resonator

Photonic crystal ring resonators are promising candidates for realizing all optical filters with acceptable transmission efficiency and quality factor values. In this paper, by putting a12-fold quasi crystal at the middle of on 7 × 7 square cavity we created a ring resonator structure and designed a T-shaped channel drop filter. The drop wavelength of our filter is at 1551 nm, with transmission efficiency and quality factor equal to 90% and 387. Our structure is composed of dielectric rods immersed in air. Because in this kind of structures the dominant band gap is in TM mode, all of our simulations have been done in TM mode. The total footprint of our filter is 242.4 μm², which makes it suitable for all optical integrated circuits.     

基于光子晶体光纤的弱压力传感器研究

利用有限元法仿真了光子晶体光纤的双折射与横向压力之间的关系,研究弱压力条件下光子晶体光栅的特性。虽然光子晶体光纤比传统的阶跃光纤对压力更为敏感,但弱压力导致的双折射变化很小,应用测量布拉格波长的变化测量压力的变化比较困难。采用偏振相关损耗来测量外界微弱压力导致的双折射变化。仿真结果表明：利用偏振相关损耗的方法,测量灵敏度可达0.75dB/MPa。     

Highly sensitive octagonal photonic crystal fiber based sensor

In this study, a number of propagation characteristics of hexagonal and octagonal photonic crystal fiber (H-PCF and O-PCF) structures, where both core and cladding are microstructured have been investigated by employing the full vectorial finite element method (FEM). The confinement loss, the effective refractive index and the relative sensitivity coefficient behaviors of the O-PCF and the standard H-PCF are numerically investigated and compared. It is found that under the same design parameters O-PCF structure has significantly lower losses and higher relative sensitivity coefficient compared with H-PCF structure.     

A photonic crystal side-coupled waveguide based on a high-quality-factor resonator array

Based on the present coupled mode theory of the photonic crystal resonator array in this paper,we propose a novel side-coupled waveguide to achieve highly efficient coupling of photonic crystal devices.It is found that the coupling efficiency is sensitive to the interval,the total number and the quality factor of the resonator.Considering the coupling efficiency and the coupling region,we select five resonators with an interval of six lattice periods.By optimizing the structure parameters of the waveguide and resonator,the quality factors of the resonator can be modulated and the coupling efficiency of the side-coupled waveguide reaches 95.47% in theory.Compared with other coupling methods,the side-coupled waveguide can realize efficient coupling with a compact structure,a high level of integration and a low degree of operational difficulties.     

A photonic crystal side-coupled waveguide based on a high-quality-factor resonator array

Based on the present coupled mode theory of the photonic crystal resonator array in this paper, we propose a novel side-coupled waveguide to achieve highly efficient coupling of photonic crystal devices. It is found that the coupling efficiency is sensitive to the interval, the total number and the quality factor of the resonator. Considering the coupling efficiency and the coupling region, we select five resonators with an interval of six lattice periods. By optimizing the structure parameters of the waveguide and resonator, the quality factors of the resonator can be modulated and the coupling efficiency of the side-coupled waveguide reaches 95.47% in theory. Compared with other coupling methods, the side-coupled waveguide can realize efficient coupling with a compact structure, a high level of integration and a low degree of operational difficulties.     

光子晶体的相位特性在高灵敏温度传感器中的应用

对含耦合缺陷的不对称结构光子晶体的研究发现,其缺陷模频率附近的反射率接近于1,而缺陷模频率附近反射光的相移随频率迅速改变;当缺陷层为折射率的温度敏感材料时,温度的极微小变化就能使处于缺陷模频率的反射光相移发生很显著变化.根据这一原理,设计了高灵敏高分辨率的相位温度传感器.以高灵敏高分辨率的温度传感器为例,介绍高灵敏高分辨率的相位传感器的工作原理. 关键词： 光子晶体 相位 传感器     

基于光子晶体自准直环形谐振腔的全光均分束器

通过等频图分析并结合时域有限差分法模拟,在一个与偏振态无关的自准直光子晶体环形谐振腔中,研究发现当环形谐振腔内的光传输距离改变时,横电波(TE)和横磁波(TM)两种偏振态的光在通过环形谐振腔之后的输出将会随之变化并呈现出不同的周期性.通过选择适合的传输距离,实现了TE,TM自准直的情况下同时分束50%的结果,构成了一种基于光子晶体自准直环形谐振腔的全光均分束器.全光均分束器扩大了分束器的运用范围,也会在高密度集成光路中发挥重要的作用. 关键词： 光子晶体 环形谐振腔 自准直 分束器     

基于游标效应的双芯光子晶体光纤温度传感器

设计了一种基于双芯光纤耦合效应和游标效应的高灵敏度温度传感器,传感器是由2个相差一定长度的双芯光子晶体光纤和单模光纤级联构成。双芯光子晶体光纤通过级联实现游标效应,同时对纤芯中间的气孔填充乙醇实现温度传感。仿真结果表明,该温度传感器在35℃～45℃范围内的平均温度灵敏度可达-20.37 nm/℃。与单纯依靠双芯光子晶体光纤能量耦合效应的传感器相比,该传感器的温度检测灵敏度提高了10倍。     

Temperature-independent curvature sensor based on tapered photonic crystal fiber interferometer

A temperature-independent highly-sensitive curvature sensor by using a tapered-photonic crystal fiber (PCF)-based Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. It is fabricated by sandwiching a tapered-PCF between two standard single mode fibers (SMFs) with the air holes of the PCF in the fusion splicing region being fully collapsed. The tapering of PCF is found to enhance the sensitivity significantly. Large curvature sensitivities of 2.81 dB/m⁻¹ and 8.35 dB/m⁻¹ are achieved in the measurement ranges of 0.36-0.87 m⁻¹ and 0.87-1.34 m⁻¹, respectively, with the resolution of 0.0012 m⁻¹ being guaranteed. The proposed sensor also shows negligible temperature sensitivity less than 0.006 dB/°C.     

光子晶体方形谐振器波分解复用的特性

光通信系统设计中波分解复用器是分离光信号的一种关键部件,用于分离光信号的微型谐振器特性直接关系到波分复用(WDM,wavelength division multiplexing)解复用系统的工作性能。在二维光子晶体中逐步优化设计了基于光子晶体方形谐振器(PCSR,photonic crystal square resonator)的单信道WDM解复用结构,借助于耦合模理论(CMT,coupled-mode theory)定性分析了波导与谐振腔结构的电磁波耦合相互作用,并用时域有限差分法(FDTD,finite-difference time-domain)数值模拟了其结构工作特性。结果表明:基于PCSR设计的单输出端口WDM解复用结构在设计的参数范围中具有单谐振峰、中心波长宽调谐范围(1 501.4 nm~1 591.0 nm)、通带带宽窄(3.3 nm~9.1 nm)的特性。该结构可应用于WDM解复用光通信系统设计和光路集成设计等方面。     

The study of electro-optical sensor based on slotted photonic crystal waveguide

A compact and sensitive electro-optical sensor based on slotted photonic crystal waveguide (S-PhCW) is demonstrated. The electro-optical sensor can be realized in photonic crystal (PhC) slabs of silicon in Silicon-on-Insulator (SOI). Nonlinear optical polymer is used as infiltration. By applying three-dimensional finite difference time domain (3D-FDTD), the sensitivity and quality factor of electro-optical sensor with different slotted waveguide width are calculated. In addition, sensitivity and the optical properties such as transmission spectrum and field distributions are compared between electro-optical sensor based on line defect photonic crystal waveguide (W1-PhCW) and that based on slotted photonic crystal waveguide (S-PhCW). Simulation results demonstrate that, compared with electro-optical sensor based on line defect photonic crystal waveguide, the sensitivity and quality factor is improved by 30 times and 6.6 times respectively in sensor based on slotted photonic crystal waveguide. Besides, the proposed PhC sensor devices have the advantage of a compact structure with the potential for monolithic integration with optical-to-electrical on-chip conversion and detection.     

超低温度系数的光子晶体光纤Sagnac压力传感器

提出了一种基于光子晶体光纤Sagnac干涉仪的横向压力传感器。使用的光子晶体光纤为低双折射光纤,首先预先在Saganc环中的光子晶体光纤上施加初始压力,使Sagnac干涉仪产生正弦干涉光谱,然后再将被测物体放在光子晶体光纤上,由于被测物体重力的作用,Saganc干涉仪输出的光谱产生移动,实现横向压力传感测量。传感器具有高灵敏度0.529 nm/(N·mm)及超低的温度系数-0.4 pm/℃,其环境温度的影响可以忽略。     

超低温度系数的光子晶体光纤Sagnac压力传感器

 提出了一种基于光子晶体光纤Sagnac干涉仪的横向压力传感器。使用的光子晶体光纤为低双折射光纤,首先预先在Saganc环中的光子晶体光纤上施加初始压力,使Sagnac干涉仪产生正弦干涉光谱,然后再将被测物体放在光子晶体光纤上,由于被测物体重力的作用,Saganc干涉仪输出的光谱产生移动,实现横向压力传感测量。传感器具有高灵敏度0.529 nm/(N·mm)及超低的温度系数-0.4 pm/℃,其环境温度的影响可以忽略。     

Nonlinear Fabry-Perot resonator with a silicon photonic crystal waveguide

We derive an equation that describes the nonlinear operation of a Fabry-Perot resonator with a large group index waveguide. Specifically, a silicon photonic crystal microcavity with two-photon-excited free carrier nonlinearity and Kerr nonlinearity is assumed. The equation clearly explains the bistability of the device and the reduction of the required pump energy for a specific nonlinear phase shift at an appropriate phase detuning from the resonance. We present a simple procedure to predict the required optical pump energy for the modulation and the resulting modulation depth by use of the equation and the device parameters.     

Dispersion compensation based on the combination of coupled ring resonator and photonic crystal structures

An optical delay line of coupled resonator optical waveguide(CROW) compensated by photonic crystal waveguide(PhCW) is proposed. In the structure,etching the periodic holes around the waveguide of the ring resonator waveguide does not increase the size of the CROW. Theoretical studies and numerical models indicate that through careful design,CROW and PhCW exhibit different group velocity dispersion(GVD) properties at a certain frequency range. Optical signal can not only be compensated in terms of GVD,but can also be delayed with longer time period. Due to the propagation mode mismatch of the two structures,optical loss becomes inevitable.     

Design of a compact photonic crystal sensor

The development of technology in photonic crystal (PC) structures has seen rapid progress. Using PCs in biosensing area may open new venues to achieve single molecule detection, and high resolution scanning. A novel PC sensor with improved performances, in terms of size, compactness and sensitivity is presented in this paper. The sensing element consists of dielectric cylinders with varying radius introduced along <01> and <10> directions of the crystal. The results show that the peak wavelength shifts to the high frequency region when only six cylinders are filled with analytes. Also, the peaks show a larger shift compared to the structure obtained using the entire PC waveguide as sensing region. The proposed sensor shows a better sensitivity to water than other analytes, where the peak wavelength tends to shift towards the low frequency region.     

A polarization amplifier and stabilizer based on Fabri-Perot resonator filled with chiral photonic crystal

Possibilities of amplifying of the polarization plane rotation and stabilizing of the light polarization azimuth by the Fabri-Perot resonator filled with cholesteric liquid crystal (CLC) are investigated. The influence of the system's parameters on the polarization plane rotation amplification and the polarization azimuth stabilization are discussed.     

一种新型可调制的光子晶体环形腔滤波器

在光子晶体环形腔中增加两个散射介质柱,构成一个新型的环形腔滤波器,该滤波器能有效选择光波透过,光波的透射率可以达到90%以上,带宽较小.可通过这两种不同的调节方式使滤波器中波长的带宽和数值进行任意的改变:1)减小散射介质柱半径,从负载波导输出波长的带宽变大,主波导中波长的带宽减小;增大其半径时,它们的变化正好相反.2)改变耦合区域介质柱半径的大小,滤波器中波长的数值也会相应地变化,它与介质柱半径的变化呈正比,并且透射率也会发生明显的变化.这就为其在制备集成光子器件的应用中奠定了基础. 关键词： 环形腔 滤波器 散射介质柱 透射率     

Tunable and highly sensitive temperature sensor based on graphene photonic crystal fiber

Optical fiber temperature sensors have been widely employed in enormous areas ranging from electric power industry, medical treatment, ocean dynamics to aerospace. Recently, graphene optical fiber temperature sensors attract tremendous attention for their merits of simple structure and direct power detecting ability. However, these sensors based on transfer techniques still have limitations in the relatively low sensitivity or distortion of the transmission characteristics, due to the unsuitable Fermi level of graphene and the destruction of fiber structure, respectively. Here, we propose a tunable and highly sensitive temperature sensor based on graphene photonic crystal fiber (Gr-PCF) with the non-destructive integration of graphene into the holes of PCF. This hybrid structure promises the intact fiber structure and transmission mode, which efficiently enhances the temperature detection ability of graphene. From our simulation, we find that the temperature sensitivity can be electrically tuned over four orders of magnitude and achieve up to ～ 3.34×10^-3 dB/(cm·℃) when the graphene Fermi level is ～ 35 meV higher than half the incident photon energy. Additionally, this sensitivity can be further improved by ～ 10 times through optimizing the PCF structure (such as the fiber hole diameter) to enhance the light-matter interaction. Our results provide a new way for the design of the highly sensitive temperature sensors and broaden applications in all-fiber optoelectronic devices.