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1.
The shadow minimization problem for t-intersecting systems of finite sets is considered. Let
be a family of k-subsets of . The -shadow of
is the set of all (k-)-subsets
contained in the members of
. Let
be a t-intersecting family (any two members have at least t elements in common) with
. Given k,t,m the problem is to minimize
(over all choices of
). In this paper we solve this problem when m is big enough. 相似文献
2.
For suitable positive integers n and k let m(n, k) denote the maximum number of edges in a graph of order n which has a unique k-factor. In 1964, Hetyei and in 1984, Hendry proved
for even n and
, respectively. Recently, Johann confirmed the following conjectures of Hendry:
for
and kn even and
for n = 2kq, where q is a positive integer. In this paper we prove
for
and kn even, and we determine m(n, 3). 相似文献
3.
Let X = {1, . . . ,
n}, and let
be a family of subsets
of X. Given the size of
, at least how many pairs
of elements of
must be disjoint? In
this paper we give a lower bound for the number of disjoint
pairs in
. The bound we obtain is
essentially best possible. In particular, we give a new proof of
a result of Frankl and of Ahlswede, that if
satisfies
then
contains at least as
many disjoint pairs as X(r).The situation is rather different if we restrict our
attention to
: then we are asking for
the minimum number of edges spanned by a subset of the Kneser
graph of given size. We make a conjecture on this lower bound,
and disprove a related conjecture of Poljak and Tuza on the
largest bipartite subgraph of the Kneser graph.* Research partially supported by NSF grant
DMS-9971788 相似文献
4.
We define the reduced minimum modulus
of a nonzero element a in a unital C
*-algebra
by
. We prove that
. Applying this result to
and its closed two side ideal
, we get that dist
,
and
for any
if RR
= 0, where
and
is the quotient homomorphism and
. These results generalize corresponding results in Hilbert spaces. 相似文献
6.
Let X be a rearrangement-invariant Banach function space
over a complete probability space
, and denote by
the Hardy space consisting of all martingales
such that
. We prove that
implies
for any filtration
if and only if Doobs inequality holds in
X, where
denotes the martingale defined by
, n = 0, 1, 2, ..., and
a.s.Received: 1 August 2000 相似文献
7.
Let
be a hereditary torsion theory for the category
-mod of unital left
-modules over an associative ring
with an identity element. The purpose of this note is to prove that if the associated Gabriel filter
consists of finitely presented left ideals, then every module has a
-injective cover and if
contains a cofinal subset of finitely presented left ideals, then every module has a
-torsionfree
-injective cover. The methods used working with pure submodules contained in ``large" submodules also allow to unify the proofs of some previously known results. 相似文献
8.
Matching Polynomials And Duality 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Let G be a simple graph on n vertices. An r-matching in G is a set of r independent edges. The number of r-matchings in G will be denoted by p(G, r). We set p(G, 0) = 1 and define the matching polynomial of G by
and the signless matching polynomial of G by
.It is classical that the matching polynomials of a graph G determine the matching polynomials of its complement
. We make this statement more explicit by proving new duality theorems by the generating function method for set functions. In particular, we show that the matching functions
and
are, up to a sign, real Fourier transforms of each other.Moreover, we generalize Foatas combinatorial proof of the Mehler formula for Hermite polynomials to matching polynomials. This provides a new short proof of the classical fact that all zeros of µ(G, x) are real. The same statement is also proved for a common generalization of the matching polynomial and the rook polynomial. 相似文献
9.
We investigate the ideal structure of the Toeplitz algebra
of a totally ordered abelian group
. We show that the primitive ideals of
are parametrised by the disjoint union
of the duals
of the order ideals
of
, and identify the
hull-kernel topology on
when the chain of orderideals in
is isomorphic to a subset of
相似文献
10.
For an l-graph
, the Turán number
is the maximum number of edges in an n-vertex l-graph
containing no copy of
. The limit
is known to exist [8]. The Ramsey–Turán density
is defined similarly to
except that we restrict to only those
with independence number o(n). A result of Erdős and Sós [3] states that
as long as for every edge E of
there is another edge E′of
for which |E∩E′|≥2. Therefore a natural question is whether there exists
for which
.
Another variant
proposed in [3] requires the stronger condition that every set of vertices of
of size at least εn (0<ε<1) has density bounded below by some threshold. By definition,
for every
. However, even
is not known for very many l-graphs
when l>2.
We prove the existence of a phenomenon similar to supersaturation for Turán problems for hypergraphs. As a consequence, we
construct, for each l≥3, infinitely many l-graphs
for which
.
We also prove that the 3-graph
with triples 12a, 12b, 12c, 13a, 13b, 13c, 23a, 23b, 23c, abc, satisfies
. The existence of a hypergraph
satisfying
was conjectured by Erdős and Sós [3], proved by Frankl and R?dl [6], and later by Sidorenko [14]. Our short proof is based
on different ideas and is simpler than these earlier proofs.
* Research supported in part by the National Science Foundation under grants DMS-9970325 and DMS-0400812, and an Alfred P.
Sloan Research Fellowship.
† Research supported in part by the National Science Foundation under grants DMS-0071261 and DMS-0300529. 相似文献
11.
In the canonical smooth fiber bundles
endowed with the metric tensor fields of relevant structure, we consider natural representations of the Galilean groups
and construct
-invariant generalizations of differentiable connections. In both regular and special cases of the representations of the relevant groups
, we found all the affine nonholonomic
-,
-, and
-connections of the first order (see [1]–[3]) possessing the local Lie groups of transformations
and also described the respective
-invariant planar connections. 相似文献
12.
It is proved that the Stokes operator in Lq -space on an infinite cylindrical domain of
,
, with several exits to infinity generates a bounded and exponentially decaying analytic semigroup and admits a bounded
-calculus. For the resolvent estimates, the Stokes resolvent system with a prescribed divergence in an infinite straight
cylinder with bounded cross-section
is studied in L
q
where
and
is an arbitrary Muckenhoupt weight. The proofs use cut-off techniques and the theory of Schauder decomposition of UMD spaces based on
-boundedness of operator families and on square function estimates involving Muckenhoupt weights. 相似文献
13.
Alejandra Maestripieri Francisco Martínez Pería 《Integral Equations and Operator Theory》2007,59(2):207-221
The aim of this work is to generalize the notions of Schur complements and shorted operators to Krein spaces. Given a (bounded)
J-selfadjoint operator A (with the unique factorization property) acting on a Krein space
and a suitable closed subspace
of
, the Schur complement
of A to
is defined. The basic properties of
are developed and different characterizations are given, most of them resembling those of the shorted of (bounded) positive
operators on a Hilbert space.
To the memory of Professor Mischa Cotlar 相似文献
14.
We prove the absolute continuity of the spectrum of the Schrödinger operator in
,
, with periodic (with a common period lattice
) scalar
and vector
potentials for which either
,
, or the Fourier series of the vector potential
converges absolutely,
, where
is an elementary cell of the lattice
,
for
, and
for
, and the value of
is sufficiently small, where
and
otherwise,
, and
. 相似文献
15.
In this note we prove that the Laplacian with generalized Wentzell boundary
conditions on an open bounded regular domain in
defined by
generates an analytic semigroup of angle
on
for every > 0 and
(for the definition of
cf. (1.3)).Received: 13 July 2002 相似文献
16.
We present several partial results, variants, and
consistency results concerning the following (as yet unsolved)
conjecture. If X is a graph
on the ground set V with
then
X has an edge coloring
F with
colors such that if
V is decomposed into
parts then there is one
in which F assumes all
values.Due to some unfortunate misunderstandings, this
paper appeared much later than we expected.* Research partially supported by NSF grants
DMS-9704477 and DMS-0072560. Research partially supported by Hungarian National
Research Grant T 032455. 相似文献
17.
In this paper we prove that if
is a set of
k positive integers and
{A
1,
..., A
m
} is a family of subsets
of an n-element set
satisfying
, for all 1
i <
j m, then
. The case
k = 1 was proven 50 years ago
by Majumdar. 相似文献
18.
Humio Ichimura 《Archiv der Mathematik》2006,87(6):539-545
Let p be an odd prime number and
. Let
be the classical Stickelberger ideal of the group ring
. Iwasawa [6] proved that the index
equals the relative class number
of
. In [2], [4] we defined for each subgroup H of G a Stickelberger ideal
of
, and studied some of its properties. In this note, we prove that when
mod 4 and [G : H] = 2, the index
equals the quotient
.
Received: 13 January 2006 相似文献
20.
Lutz Strüngmann 《Archiv der Mathematik》2006,86(3):193-204
Let R be a unital associative ring and
two classes of left R-modules. In this paper we introduce the notion of a
In analogy to classical cotorsion pairs as defined by Salce [10], a pair
of subclasses
and
is called a
if it is maximal with respect to the classes
and the condition
for all
and
Basic properties of
are stated and several examples in the category of abelian groups are studied.
Received: 17 March 2005 相似文献