PVC-PP树脂分离富集/火焰原子吸收光谱法测定海水中痕量铜镍钴

采用自制的聚氯乙烯多乙烯多胺（PVC-PP）树脂,在pH值为5．0的条件下,分离富集海水中的痕量铜、镍、钴,以1．2mol／L盐酸溶液洗脱．火焰原子吸收光潜法测定,富集倍数最大可达100倍（回收率大于90％）。研究了吸附与洗脱的最佳条件,方法检出限分别为铜0．81μg/L、镍0．98μg/L、钴0．57μg/L（富集倍数100,S／N=3）,相对标准偏差小于5％（n=7）,样品加标回收率在90％-105％之间。     

用GC-FID和GC-TOF-MS方法分析α-硫辛酸中有机溶剂残留量

采用GC-TOF-MS鉴定残留有机溶剂,以HP-5毛细管柱为分离柱,FID为检测器,正辛醇为溶剂,外标法进行定量。乙醚、异丙醚的线性范围分别为34．4～344．0μg／mL（r=0．9999）,23．0～230．0μg／mL（r=0．9999）;方法精密度和稳定性试验RSD（n=6）均〈1％;平均回收率范围98．1％～100．7％,RSD0．75～2．7％;检出限分别为0．1,0．08μg／mL。     

(R,S)-α-羟基苯丁酸乙酯的HPLC手性分离

建立了手性柱HPLC法测定盐酸贝那普利的中间体(R)-α-羟基苯丁酸乙酯中的(S)-α-羟基苯丁酸乙酯。采用Chiralcel OD-H色谱柱,流动相正己烷-异丙醇（体积比90：10),流速1．0mL／min,检测波长254nm,进样体积20μL,按外标法以峰面积计算(R)-α-羟基苯丁酸乙酯中的(S)-α-羟基苯丁酸乙酯的含量。(S)体的线性范围5．5～23．8μg／mL,检出限0．47μg／mL(S／N=3),回收率为96％～103％,精密度RSD为2．1％(n=6)。     

多功能柱净化-高效液相色谱法同时检测小麦中雪腐镰刀菌烯醇和脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇

建立了小麦中雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（NIV）和脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（DON）的高效液相色谱同时检测方法。样品采用乙腈-水（体积比85：15）混合溶剂进行提取．通过多功能净化柱（MFC）进行一次性净化,以C18柱为分离柱,水-乙腈-甲醇（体积比90：5：5）混合溶剂为流动相进行高效液相色谱分离和检测。在小麦样品中,本方法在0．2～5μg／g添加范围内的凹收率为87％～99％;相对标准偏差为1．5％～8．3％;DON和NIV的检出限分别为0．12和0、16μg／g（5／N=3）。     

毛细管气相色谱法同时测定盐酸氨溴索中甲醇和丙酮的残留量

建立毛细管气相色谱同时测定盐酸氨溴索原料药中甲醇、丙酮两种有机溶刺残留量的方法。两种残留有机溶剂在DB-624毛细管气相色谱柱上均达到良好分离。甲醇和丙酮的线性范围分别为32．54～325．4μg／mL（r=0．9998）、40．68—406．8μg／mL（r=0．9995）,回收率分别为94．7％～101．1％、93．9％～99．1％,检出限分别小于20、10μg／mL,测定结果的相对标准偏差均不大于3．6％（n=5）。     

柱后衍生-离子色谱法测定面粉中痕龄逅嵫蔚难芯

采用离子交换柱后衍生离子色谱法测定面粉中痕量溴酸盐的含量。选用高容量柱,以9．0mmol／L Na2CO3溶液为流动相,邻二甲氧基联苯胺盐酸盐（ODA）等为柱后衍生剂,在450nm波长处检测。样品处理包括溶剂溶解、超声浸提、沉淀离心、过滤分离等步骤,BrO3^-的检出限为0．033μg/L（3σ）,线性范围为0．2～260μg／L,样品分析结果的相对标准偏差（RSI））小于2％（n=6）,加标回收率在92％～101％之间。共存离子F^-、Cl^-、Br^-、NO3^-、NO2^-、PO4^3-、SO4^2-以及苯甲酸、山梨酸、甜蜜素、糖精钠、柠檬酸、酒石酸等食品添加剂均对测定无干扰。     

离子色谱法检测食品添加剂焦碳酸二甲酯中的氯离子

建立离子色谱法检测食品添加剂焦碳酸二甲酯（DMDC）中的杂质氯离子的方法。样品用水溶解超声定容后,采用SH-AC-1阴离子交换柱（250mm×4．6mm,5μm）分离,抑制电导法检测。考察了淋洗液种类、浓度对氯离子与干扰离子分离度的影响。最佳色谱条件：以0．005mol／L的四硼酸钠水溶液为淋洗液,流速1．0mL／min。在此条件下,样品中的氯离子可以和其它干扰离子分离,而且分离度达3．0以上,峰形对称。在氯离子浓度为0．1～5．0mg／L的范围内,可获得良好的线性关系,线性相关系数大于0．999;氯离子检出限（S／N=3）达0．007mg／L,加标回收率为97．5％～98．9％。该方法可以用于食品添加剂DMDC中氯离子的测定。     

离子色谱法测定土壤中植物激素乙烯利

土壤样品中的乙烯利在IonPac AS14分离柱（4mm）,（3．5mmol Na2CO3＋1．0mmol NaHCO3）／L淋洗液的淋洗条件下得到较好的分离。在0～10μg／mL的范围内标准曲线呈线性,检出限为（0．08μg／mL）。精密度好,10．266μg／mL时,保留时间的RSD=0．86％;峰高的RSD=1．1％;峰面积的RSD=1．0％。在此条件下,其它阴离子对乙烯利的检测不干扰,样品的加标回收率为85．6％～87．9％。     

多功能柱净化-高效液相色谱法检测谷物中的玉米赤霉烯酮

建立了玉米和小麦中玉米赤霉烯酮（ZEN）的多功能柱净化-高效液相色谱检测方法。样品经乙腈-水混合溶剂（V（乙腈）：V（水）=84：16）提取,通过多功能净化柱（MFC）进行一次性净化,以Symmetry^R C18柱为分离柱,甲醇-水（V（甲醇）：V（水）=68：32）为流动相进行高效液相色谱分离和检测。玉米赤霉烯酮的质量浓度在0．01～4．0μg／mL范围内呈良好线性,相关系数为0．9996。检出限为0．04μg／g,在0、04—5．0mg／kg添加范围内的回收率为87．5％～98．6％,相对标准偏差为1．5％～8．3％。     

毛细管电泳-柱端安培检测测定莲子心中荷叶碱、芦丁和金丝桃甙的含量

采用毛细管电泳-柱端安培检测测定莲子心中荷叶碱、芦丁和金丝桃甙的含量．研究了检测电位、运行缓冲液浓度和pH值,分离电压和进样时间对分离和检测的影响．以微碳圆盘电极（Ф=0.5ram）为工作电极,检测电位为＋0．95V（vs．Ag／AgCl）,pH为7．25的50mmol／L Na2B4O7和100mmol／L NaH2PO4缓冲液为运行液,当分离电压为15kV时,3种分析物在15min内完全分离．荷叶碱、芦丁和金丝桃甙的检出限（S／N=3）分别为0．02μg／mL、0．05μg／mL和0．04μg／mL．该方法已成功地应用于莲子心中上述3种活性成分的测定．     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.